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Mike Carruthers

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Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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We're talking about optimism and looking at the bright side. My guest is Shumit Paul Chowdhury. He's author of a book called The Bright Side, How Optimism Changes the World and How You Can Be One. I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor. Factor provides delicious, chef-made gourmet meals right to your door. And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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These are not frozen meals. These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good. I first had Factor Meals delivered to me, it's been a few years now, and everyone in the house has loved them. What's really special about Factor Meals is they're dietitian approved, and the variety is impressive.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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There are 40 options across 8 dietary preferences on the menu each week, and you can choose from preferences like Calorie Smart, Protein Plus, or Keto. What kind of meals are they? Well, I think you'd find these pretty tasty. Chicken Florentine with spinach and garlic chili cauliflower, Cajun spiced salmon and shrimp, garlic pork tenderloin. It's like a gourmet restaurant.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And this is going to make it easy for you to try. Eat smart with Factor. Get started at factormeals.com slash something50off and use code something50off to get 50% off your first box, plus free shipping. That's code SOMETHING50OFF at factormeals.com slash SOMETHING50OFF to get 50% off plus free shipping on your first box. And I'll put that code in the show notes to make this simple.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Thank you so much for having me. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin. Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids. What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly. Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. So Schumann, a lot of people I've heard say, I'm not an optimist or a pessimist, I'm a realist.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And an optimist is just somebody who looks at the bright side, thinks everything's fine, but I take a more critical view of the world. I'm a realist.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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I've often heard the advice that people say, if you want to be more optimistic, stop watching the news because the news by its nature tends to be bad news. You know, if it bleeds, it leads. And if you watch that, you get a very skewed vision of the world as being a bad place and horrible things happen and horrible things are likely to happen.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And that if you want to be more optimistic, just don't watch the news. Do you think that's a fair statement? Can watching the news affect your level of optimism?

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Isn't it true, though? I remember hearing that there are a lot of parents today, for example, who are very concerned about the safety of their children. Don't let them walk alone. Stranger danger. Always walk with a friend. And yet, statistically... The world is a safer place than it's ever been.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And that just random acts of kidnapping children are so amazingly rare that it really isn't something to worry about at the level that people worry about it. It's just their exposure to these anecdotal stories in the news where it occasionally happens or it seems like it happens that riles up people's sense of fear.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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um that doesn't really help me you know when i hear about an act of violence in my neighborhood that is much more relevant to me than what the crime statistics show for the last 30 years well it is the subtitle of your book about optimists are the ones who change the world and you know when you think about it it is the optimists who the ones who see the possibilities who do change the world that if you're pessimistic and you think well that'll never work

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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well, then you're unlikely to go try and do something. But if you're an optimist, you're more likely to give something a try. So in that sense, optimists change the world.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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So do you think it's possible, and is it worth it, to try to increase your level of optimism, or does the needle not move much? I mean, you are who you are.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Well, this has been a really great conversation about optimism and the benefits and the reasons why trying to look at the world through a more optimistic lens can really pay off. I've been speaking with Shumit Paul Chowdhury. He is author of a book called The Bright Side, How Optimists Change the World and How You Can Be One. And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Dell Technologies is celebrating with anniversary savings on their most popular tech. For a limited time only, save on select next-gen PCs, like the XPS 16 powered by Intel Core Ultra processors, and more. Unleash more possibilities with cutting-edge systems, our most advanced features, and great prices.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Plus, curate your dream setup with deals on select monitors, mice, and more must-have electronics and accessories. When you shop online at dell.com slash deals, you'll have access to state-of-the-art technology to match your forward-thinking spirit and free shipping on everything. Anniversary savings await you for a limited time only at Dell.com slash deals. That's Dell.com slash deals.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work. And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

1837.56

Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going... So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need. Something you should know.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use. Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash SYSK, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash SYSK to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash SYSK.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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There's a lot of value given to the idea of being agreeable. People like it when you're agreeable, compliant, you go along with the group or the consensus. But what about those times when you're not in agreement and you don't want to be compliant because you know it's wrong, but you stay quiet anyway because, well, to speak up would be considered defiant.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And whereas being compliant and agreeable is usually considered a good thing, being defiant is often thought to be a bad thing. But sometimes speaking up, being defiant, is the right thing to do. So what do you do? Well, that's what Dr. Sunita Saw is here to talk about. She is an award-winning professor at Cornell University and an expert in organizational psychology.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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She's author of a book called Defy, The Power of No in a World that Demands Yes. Hi, Sunita. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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So I think everybody can relate to this issue, this dilemma of not speaking up, not being defiant. Who hasn't been in a meeting and thought, oh, God, that is a really dumb idea. I really should say something. Or a similar situation where you don't speak up, even though you know you're right. What fascinates you about this topic?

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Well, what you just said is so interesting to me because I You're so right. I mean, when you think about the good kids, they're the ones that do what they're told. We equate that with goodness and compliant is good and defiant is bad. And people kind of just accept that. I mean, this isn't really a topic that people... This is like one is good and one is bad.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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But when you stop and think about it in the frame that you just framed, you're right. I mean, if people aren't speaking up, what are the consequences of that?

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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So let's talk about why people have trouble speaking up, saying no, being defiant. What is the fear of what might happen?

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Hi, welcome. We're going to start today by talking about Dalmatians. You know, the dogs, Dalmatians. I imagine you've probably wondered why they're so synonymous and closely associated with firefighters, fire trucks, firehouses. Well, that tradition dates back more than a century. And today their role is much more of a mascot than anything else. But back in the day, they played a vital role.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Again, I guess I'm like, why is that? What is it we're so afraid of by speaking up what we believe to be correct?

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Well, it also seems like when I think about times where I haven't spoken up, a big part of the reason I don't speak up is self-doubt. Like, well, maybe I'm wrong. Maybe they really are doing it correctly and I'm incorrect.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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In the 1700s, Dalmatians were the preferred breed for aristocrats. They served as carriage dogs. You see, Dalmatians get along really well with horses and form strong bonds with those horses. So they were used to keep pace running alongside or behind the horses on long carriage rides.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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There's a difference between that's not the way I would do it and you're doing it wrong. I just may have a different way, but doesn't mean you're wrong. It just means that's not the way I would do it. So maybe it's not worth speaking up because there can be two paths to the same end.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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When you use the word defiance, though, there's something about that word that not only implies that I don't agree with you, but it's not that it's a violent word, but it implies almost disobedience. Like it's not just saying you're doing it wrong or this isn't wrong and this is how we should do it. It's condemning and, you know what I mean? Defiance is a strong word.

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In the days of horse-drawn firefighting wagons, Dalmatians were really well-suited for that job because horses are afraid of fire, and they were less likely to get spooked or distracted when they were escorted by one or more of their canine buddies in the midst of a chaotic fire scene.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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What about, though, I mean, I can imagine as you're talking about this, about the people speaking up every time they hear something offensive or every time that that's the person I don't want. I don't want to be the killjoy who's outraged every time anybody does anything that might possibly be offensive or incorrect or maybe different. Boy, I don't want to be near that.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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I don't want to be near that person, nor do I want to be that person.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Now, if you've ever heard that Dalmatians are kept at firehouses because they're deaf or unaffected by sirens, that is an old wives' tale. There are some hearing issues associated with that breed of dog, but it is their loyalty and gentle disposition and proud history that has earned them a spot at the fire station and on the fire truck. And that is something you should know. What is an optimist?

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Which, according to you, not many of us seem to do.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Well, that's what I mean, yeah.

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There's some clear evidence.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Well, why is that? I guess, you know, in order to get up in the morning, you have to think good of yourself. You can't think you're not or you wouldn't get up. I mean, so I imagine we're all deluding ourselves a bit, some more than others.

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And so how do we do that? I mean, if you're someone whose tendency is to be compliant and go along and have a really hard time speaking up and saying, hey, wait a minute, how do you get good at that?

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I think there is this image, though, that you can't be defiant and polite at the same time. That defiance is not the opposite of polite, but they're not compatible. But it seems like that's not necessarily true.

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Well, I really like this idea of taking defiance out of the closet and really reframing it, not as a bad thing, but as something really quite necessary in so many situations. And it doesn't mean you have to be a jerk about it. It's just a matter of speaking up and doing what's right. I've been speaking with Sunita Saw.

Something You Should Know

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She's an award-winning professor at Cornell University, and she's author of a book called Defy, The Power of No in a World that Demands Yes. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Sunita, thank you. Thanks for coming on today.

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In the cold of winter, it can be difficult and expensive to try to keep warm. So here are some suggestions. Use a humidifier in your home because humid air feels warmer. Make sure all the heat vents are clear of obstructions like furniture and rugs. Otherwise, the heat doesn't get into your room even though you paid for it. Run ceiling fans in reverse.

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Is it someone who simply looks for the good in everything, who sees the bright side, who finds the silver lining? Are you born an optimist or a pessimist or do you become one or the other as a result of your life experience? Are other animals optimistic or is this a human characteristic? Is it worth trying to be more optimistic?

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That pushes the warm air back down from the ceiling. Use rugs on bare floors and always wear something on your feet like socks or slippers, because if your feet are warm, you feel warm all over. Go upstairs if you haven't upstairs, because heat rises, so it's usually warmer up there.

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And if you're cooking, leave the oven door open after you're done to let the heat into the house and help heat things up. And that is something you should know.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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And while you're staying nice and warm inside your home this winter, maybe you could take a few moments and share this podcast with someone you know, a couple of people you know, tell them about it, so they too will listen and become regular listeners, hopefully just like you. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

Something You Should Know

How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Well, here to discuss the science of optimism is Shumit Paul Chowdhury. He is a former editor-in-chief of New Scientist. He trained as an astrophysicist. And he is author of a book called The Bright Side, How Optimists Change the World. Hi, Shumit. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Hi, Mike. Thanks for having me. So what exactly is optimism? I mean, it's not an emotion.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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What about that idea, that attitude towards life that is often associated with optimism, that things have a tendency to turn out okay? Because as I look back at my life and the lives of people I know, that often seems to be the case. Not that things don't go horribly wrong sometimes or that things don't work out the way you had hoped they would,

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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but that often things have a way of turning out okay. And is that a good way to approach life?

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Today, on Something You Should Know, why are Dalmatians associated with firefighting, firehouses, and firefighters? Then, some interesting things you never knew about optimism.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Is optimism or your level of optimism, is that set at birth or is it formed and moved around over time based on your experiences in life?

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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One of the things I've always wondered about optimism is, is it, in a sense, a self-fulfilling prophecy? Meaning that if you have an optimistic view of the world, you're looking and noticing the good things that happen that supports your optimistic view of the world, that good things happen.

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And if you're a pessimist, you tend to notice the bad things that happen and that supports your pessimistic view of the world.

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How and Why Optimism Works & Why a Little Defiance is a Good Thing

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Also, the best ways to stay warm in the winter cold and a new way to look at defiance and the power it can give you.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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Curiosity Weekly from Discovery makes sense of some of the biggest questions and ideas shaping our world. It's all about new discoveries happening in science and tech. They have expert guests that make it all make sense. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff. Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

1114.901

And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify. Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going...

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

1137.29

So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling. On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K. So Adam, those three universal factors you mentioned, being a visionary, being an exemplar, and being a mentor.

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The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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It's kind of hard for me to get my head around exactly what you mean, so could you attach those three things to some real people who exhibit those, who illustrate those, so I can get a better sense?

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Also, two little things that can have a huge impact on your relationship and the rules of how life works and the amazing ways species of all kinds depend on each other.

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That's a great story. And a great example of those three things that I think people can get a better sense of what that is. But you had said a few minutes ago that you can be inspiring one day and infuriating the next day. But when I think of inspiring people, while I'm sure that's true of them, it doesn't seem like it's true a lot.

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There's something about their character, the way they carry themselves, that seems inspiring much of the time. It isn't like it's on and off a lot.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time consuming. And even still, there are no guarantees. Which is why when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

Something You Should Know

The Essential Qualities of Inspiring People & The Rules of How Life Works

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When you talk to inspiring people, people who are considered by others to be inspiring people. Do they say typically, yes, I work at this, this is what I try to do, or do they say, you know, it's a gift, I couldn't tell you how I do it?

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And when you look at people who are considered inspiring, do they have other things in common that aren't necessarily related to the inspiration, but they tend to be, I don't know, they tend to be men or they tend to be women or they tend to be older, they tend to be younger. Are there any demographic-y kind of similarities or it's all over the map?

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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Well, this is great insight into what makes someone inspiring and information I think we could all use in our lives. I've been speaking with Adam Galinsky. He is a social psychologist and professor of leadership and ethics at Columbia Business School. And the name of his book is Inspire the Universal Path for Leading Yourself and Others. There's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes.

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Adam, thanks. It's a pleasure to have you on.

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¿Hablas español? ¿Hablas español?

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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Nature has rules and ways of enforcing them. In fact, everything in nature is regulated. And it is those regulations that allow all the creatures and other forms of life to exist on planet Earth. Those rules essentially explain how life works. And here to discuss this is Sean B. Carroll.

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He's an award-winning scientist who is vice president for science education at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and professor of molecular biology and genetics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He's author of a book called The Serengeti Rules, The Quest to Discover How Life Works and Why It Matters. Hi, Sean. Thanks for coming on today. Hi, Mike. Thanks for having me.

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So to help us all understand what we're talking about here, let's start out with one of those rules, one of the rules that explains how life works.

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And this impact that these creatures have is good, bad, both, or you can't?

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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But nature, by its nature, is pretty efficient, right? I mean, if you're a creature and you're meant to stay, you stay, and if you're not, you go.

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And what are some of the, just to get a flavor of this, rather than drill too deep, what are some of these other rules that you've uncovered that would help people understand what this is and why it's important?

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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Well, you had mentioned before, like the proliferation of deer in many states. We have them here. We have them in our front yard this morning. And there's an assumption, and you tell me if this is true, that one of the reasons that there are so many deer is, you know, we don't really hunt them as much as we used to. And probably also people think they're cute and like to feed them.

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And that's partly why they have proliferated. True?

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You know, I got a cold about three weeks ago, and it still hasn't completely gone. I still cough, like three weeks later. And I've come to find that so many people have this, whatever this is going around, the cough and cold that will not die. So if my voice sounds a little froggy, that's why. But the show must go on. And we start today with fast food advertising.

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know for a lot of people you see deer and you think oh that's wonderful that's nature but it's it's really a uh a big difference from from the way things were say a century ago well maybe i don't want to hammer the deer thing too much but you would think that at some point there would be too many deer for the food that's available and that that would start to level out the population

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My sense is there's a tendency to look at, you know, what humans have done to mess things up. But do other creatures mess things up?

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I bet you've seen a lot of billboards all over the place for fast food restaurants. And maybe you've wondered, well, do those ads really work? Well, a UCLA study a few years back found that areas with more outdoor advertising dedicated to fast food and soft drinks were more likely to have overweight residents.

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And so what are some other of the rules of life that people are probably unaware of?

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Fast food restaurants, after television, fast food restaurants spend a lot of money on billboards, bus ads, and other outside advertising spaces. And there's more psychology at work here. Wendy's, McDonald's, In-N-Out Burger, Burger King, all have the same basic color scheme. Why? Because red and yellow make you want to eat more.

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It's really fascinating to hear. I've been speaking with Sean B. Carroll. The name of his book is The Serengeti Rules, The Quest to Discover How Life Works and Why It Matters. And there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Sean, this was really great. I appreciate you explaining all this.

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What's really important in keeping a relationship happy? Dr. Carl Pillemer decided to find out. For his book, 30 Lessons for Loving, he asked 700 married people who had each been married an average of 43 years, and two answers emerged from his research. Number one, learn to talk to each other and talk a lot. Not necessarily in the touchy-feely way, just talk. And secondly, think small.

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While we tend to focus on big problems and decisions in a relationship, it turns out that what makes a relationship work or not are the hundreds of little interactions that happen during the day. The trick is to make as many of those interactions positive. For example, be polite. Often we get comfortable in a relationship and we stop being polite to one another. And pay compliments.

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Do little surprises for your partner. This pattern of doing small things every day is what keeps relationships alive. And that is something you should know. Our podcast is produced by Jeffrey Havison and Jennifer Brennan. Executive producer is Ken Williams. That's the end of this episode. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Red causes you to eat faster and more forcefully, according to a University of Rochester study. And several studies have found that the color yellow stimulates appetite by causing your brain to secrete serotonin, the happiness hormone. And that is something you should know. In your lifetime, there have been people who have inspired you.

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A parent, a teacher, a boss, a co-worker, someone who has made you feel inspired, given you that sense that you're worthy, appreciated, competent, capable, and can do so much more. So what makes a person inspiring? Do inspiring people deliberately try to inspire others? Or is that just the kind of person they are? Do inspiring people inspire everyone? Are they always inspiring?

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How can you be more inspiring? That's what Adam Galinsky is here to talk about. Adam is a social psychologist and professor of leadership and ethics at Columbia Business School. He's author of a book called Inspire, The Universal Path for Leading Yourself and Others. Hey Adam, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So I love this topic because I've often thought about what makes somebody inspiring. And I think everybody has seen somebody, met somebody who they thought was inspiring. But I don't know that I've ever thought, why is that? What is it that makes them inspiring? I just know they are. And then I wonder, well, are they inspiring just to me? Or are they inspiring to the world? So what is it?

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someone that inspired you right and i asked them to be like a scientist what was it about that person that filled you with that ineffable feeling which i imagine most of us have felt right i mean most of us have somebody in our life that inspired us to create those feelings and so what did you find

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You know, I often wonder that the people that I find inspiring, I wonder how often, how much of the time are they inspiring? Because it would seem that it would be hard to burn that flame continuously to always be inspiring. That doesn't seem possible. So, right? Yeah.

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And so what does it mean to try to be inspiring? Because you do things like what that you may not be doing now?

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So what does it mean? Give me, if you could, an example, like a person or maybe yourself or someone you know, what that reflection process goes like. I don't know what it really means to reflect on my values other than to think about them. I don't know what the difference is.

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Today on Something You Should Know, how billboard ads for fast food restaurants influence you more than you realize. Then, what makes someone inspiring and how we can all be more inspirational.

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We're talking about what makes inspiring people so inspiring and how you can be more inspiring. My guest is Adam Galinsky. He's author of the book, Inspire the Universal Path for Leading Yourself and Others. I really love it when I find a great new podcast. And then, of course, I have to share that with everyone. And what I really want you to listen to is Curiosity Weekly.

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Why Accidents Happen & Where to Find Courage When You Need It

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And there usually is another way.

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Why Accidents Happen & Where to Find Courage When You Need It

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the knife because sometimes it just doesn't dig in it slips to the side and that's where it gets us exactly or the other thing is you know what i i tend to cut myself in the kitchen more likely right after the knives get sharpened because i've i'm used to them not being that sharp and then all of a sudden they're slicing through things like my finger like never before

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Why Accidents Happen & Where to Find Courage When You Need It

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So we hear a lot about, especially for older people, slips and falls, you know, in the bathroom or wherever. And is that really the domain of older people? Or it seems like anybody can slip and fall.

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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It really surprised me what you said at the beginning, that things are becoming less safe, that there are more accidents, because that's not what I sense from the world. It seems like we're very safety conscious. You know, people wear helmets today for things they never used to. The playground equipment is safer, that there are more restrictions, safety restrictions on all kinds of things.

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Cars are built better. So if things are getting worse, where are they getting worse? And what would surprise me to know where safety is not working?

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Are we, though, making some progress in some areas that, for example, it seems like because cars are so much safer than they used to be with airbags and the way they're built, that we're not seeing the injuries and the deaths in car crashes like we used to?

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It is often said that we live in a fast-paced world, but there is one thing that you cannot speed up, and that is wisdom. Hi, and welcome to this episode of Something You Should Know. In middle age, something happens to your brain. According to imaging science, the mature brain is not inferior to a younger brain, it is just wired differently.

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Well, I still find it surprising that we're seeing more and more accidents. But as you say, things like the phone and other distractions probably play a big part in that. And that paying attention, paying attention could go a long way into preventing accidents. My guest has been Steve Kasner. He's a research psychologist, NASA scientist, and author of the book,

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Careful, A User's Guide to Our Injury-Prone Minds. And if you look in the show notes, you'll see a link to his book at Amazon. Steve, thanks for coming on today.

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I'm sure there have been times in your life when you have done something really courageous, something that took real bravery to pull off. There are likely other times when you couldn't quite muster up that courage, and maybe now there's a twinge of regret about it. If only I had tried.

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I remember a previous guest here said, and I always remembered this, that people are much more likely to regret things they never tried than the things they did try and failed. Still, some force holds us back from doing something that we think we really want to do. And here to talk about what stops us, what that force is, and how to push past it is Jenny Wood.

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She's a former Google executive, speaker, writer, and airplane pilot. Her writing has been featured in the Harvard Business Review, Entrepreneur, Inc., and Forbes. She's author of a book called Wild Courage. Go after what you want and get it. Hey, Jenny, welcome. Good to have you on Something You Should Know.

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So explain what wild courage is and how it's different than regular courage and why we're talking about it.

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As a result, it's capable of triggering a new form of intelligence that we're just not capable of when we're younger. In fact, when a mature brain is challenged, it begins to produce a type of intelligence that for thousands of years we have called wisdom. In other words, the brain is wired in middle age to start to produce wisdom and continues to do so in old age.

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So when I hear the term wild courage, when I think of someone who has wild courage, it's a certain kind of person, that it's a kind of person who's really out there, who's very extroverted, who really doesn't care what other people think. He's just out there making things happen. And, you know, that's not who I am.

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And so it seems like wild courage is more of a personality trait than it is something you could learn to do.

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Well, it seems like you're making my point by telling that story because I can imagine a lot of women particularly, but people in general, listening to that story and thinking, I could never, ever do that. Walk up to a guy, a strange guy, and offer to give him my business card. I would never do it. That's not who I am.

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And no matter how smart you are, that wisdom will not come to you when you're younger. It just cannot. Put simply, as people age, they become wiser. Of course, it doesn't apply to everyone. Oscar Wilde once said, With age comes wisdom, but sometimes age comes alone. And that is something you should know. Doesn't it seem like our world is safer than it used to be? Cars are built safer.

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Is it part of the process of Because I don't know how much people know this, but I think people know this, and we've talked about it here before, of how people looking back on their life don't regret the things they did that didn't work out. They regret the things they didn't do. They wish they had, because you never know.

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Is it important to embrace that, or that's nice to know, but that's not part of this?

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Playground equipment is safer. Bikers and skiers wear helmets when they didn't used to. Your stepladder has multiple warnings all over it. Safety seems to be a big concern. Still, accidents happen. And there is this perception, at least, that some people are more accident-prone than others. So what does the research say about our safety-conscious world? Are we safer than ever before?

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When accidents happen, why do they happen? The answers might surprise you. Joining me is Steve Kasner. He is a research psychologist who studies the accident-prone mind. He is a NASA scientist who also flies jets and helicopters and rides motorcycles and skateboards. And he is still around. He's author of a book called Careful, A User's Guide to Our Injury-Prone Minds. Hi, Steve.

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Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks. Glad to be here. So are we safer than ever before? Because it seems like we're safer than ever before.

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But if you haven't, even though you've heard me ask, maybe this would be a good time to do it. It only takes a moment to share the link on the podcast player you're listening on and help us grow our audience. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Today on Something You Should Know, where does wisdom come from? And more importantly, when do you acquire it? Then, why do accidents happen? Some explanations may seem hard to believe.

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And are the statistics backing that up, that there's a lot of phone-related, or maybe somebody gets hit by a car, you don't say, well, it's because they were watching their phone.

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So what's the solution here? I mean, it seems like you're not going to take people's phones away, and that's one of the reasons they have them is they can do all this multitasking. So I guess it's survival of the fittest.

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Besides the phone, though, when I think about accidents, accidents that I've had or accidents that I see other people have, it does seem that a lot of the time one of the ingredients in that accident is somebody wasn't paying attention.

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Yeah, I remember when I got my first car that had a backup camera, and I think other people have this same experience, that I didn't trust it. I knew it was showing me what was behind the car, but somehow I still had to look back over my shoulder because that's what I've been doing since I started driving. But now I really don't look back over my shoulder.

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Also, why you simply cannot rush wisdom. And would you like to be more courageous? You may need to be a bit more reckless.

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I've gotten to rely on that camera and perhaps that's not such a great idea.

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Is it true that a lot of accidents and injuries that happen to people happen in the home?

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And where in the house are they happening?

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Why is that? Why are ladders, I mean, obviously you're climbing up into the sky, yes, but there's also 400 warning stickers on every ladder that gives you a sense that there may be some danger here and to pay attention to what you're doing.

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We're talking about accidents and safety, and my guest is Steve Kasner. He is a NASA scientist and author of the book, Careful, A User's Guide to Our Injury-Prone Minds.

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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So Steve, what about this idea that there are just some people who are injury prone, that accidents are just more likely to happen to them?

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But there's a general sense, I think, that men are more risk takers and therefore more likely to be hurt in accidents. And they use more power tools perhaps or whatever. But do the statistics hold true for that?

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And so what do you do differently or what do you recommend people do differently? What are the big things to be really careful of that maybe people don't think about?

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Why We’re Wired to Imitate Others & How to Have a Great Conversation

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So I wonder how the speed of change... influences all you're talking about. And what I mean by that is, you know, when I was growing up, I copied a lot of what my father did. I would watch him and then do that. But today, there are people doing things that I don't even know what they're doing because it's some new gadget, some new technology.

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I'll bet you think, I bet most people think, that eating raw vegetables is healthier than eating cooked vegetables. And while that may be true some of the time, it's not always true. Some vegetables are actually better for you when you cook them. Carrots, for example. Boiling carrots until they're tender boosts their concentration of carotenoids, it's a cancer-fighting compound, by 14%.

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So it's hard to copy it because I don't know what it is that the speed of change is messing with your theory somehow.

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I could never do that. But it is interesting to think how much we're influenced by other people when we like to think we're not, because I think we like to think we're not.

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What else do you think people would be interested in hearing about regarding this whole idea that so much of what we do, we copy, we imitate other people?

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However, frying carrots has the opposite effect. Mushrooms. A cup of cooked mushrooms has about twice as much potassium, niacin, zinc, and magnesium than a cup of raw mushrooms. Spinach. Spinach is packed with nutrients, but you will absorb more of the calcium and iron if you cook it first. Asparagus.

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Well, this is certainly a topic I haven't given a lot of thought to, but it's actually quite fascinating to think how much of what we do, we do by imitating others. Our Alexander Bentley has been my guest. He is professor and chair of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee. And the name of his book is I'll Have What She's Having, Mapping Social Behavior.

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And there's a link to his book in the show notes. Professor, thanks for coming on.

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Every day, I imagine, you have conversations with people. You do it because you have to. No one probably taught you how to have a good conversation. You just do it. And your ability to be good at it will impact your success in all walks of life. Your career, relationships, friendships.

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People have to like talking to you or feel comfortable talking to you or feel like they get something out of the conversation. And here to make sure that happens is Dr. Allison Wood Brooks. She's a professor of business administration and Hellman Faculty Fellow at the Harvard Business School. And she is author of a book called Talk, The Science of Conversation and the Art of Being Ourselves.

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One study found that cooking asparagus raises the level of six key nutrients, including antioxidants, by 16%. And tomatoes. Whether they are baked, fried, or turned into spaghetti sauce, heat increases the levels of lycopene, which has been linked to lower rates of cancer and heart disease. And that is something you should know. I'm sure you like to think of yourself as an independent person.

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Hi, Allison. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So as someone who has conversations for a living, I certainly enjoy this topic. And I find it interesting that most of us were never taught about conversation. Still, some people are, they're so good at it, and other people are so not good at it. And I wonder why that is.

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Well, it's interesting that as much as we all do it, no one ever said, well, let's talk about how you're doing it. Let's have a class in how to have a conversation. You just do it and kind of learn as you go and do the best you can, but no one ever teaches you the principles of a conversation or how to make it interesting. I certainly never got that kind of education.

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Well, and the other really interesting thing that I don't think is a good thing is because there's so much electronic communication, we have fewer face-to-face conversations. And so people aren't as good because they don't have the practice. They don't know how to do it.

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So this is probably an unfair question because it's too big, but I'm going to ask it anyway. What's a good conversation look like?

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I remember hearing somebody say something about Bill Clinton, that he is a great conversationalist because when you talk to him, you feel like you're the only person in the world, that he makes you so the focus of his existence for the few minutes he's talking to you, that everybody walks away from a conversation with him feeling terrific. And we've all had those people.

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You talk to them regularly. And you walk away, you feel better about yourself. You feel smarter. You feel, you just feel terrific. And then the other side of that is you walk away from some conversations and feel horrible.

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You do things because you choose to do them. No one's telling you what to do most of the time. Generally, you do what you do because it is what you choose to do. Humans have big brains. We think independently. We're wired to blaze our own trail. Well, not always. Here's an example of what I mean.

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So let's talk about that then. What does it mean in a conversation? What does it mean to listen well?

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Today on Something You Should Know, some vegetables actually get healthier when you cook them. I'll tell you which ones. Then, why do you do the things you do?

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So one of the tricky parts of conversation seems to be ending it, especially if it's not going well or you get one of those people who answers with one word answers and you find yourself in a conversation that's going nowhere. How do you, what do you do?

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You go into a restaurant with a group of people and the waiter finally gets to you and says, What do you want? And you say, I'll have what she's having. Well, why not get something you want? The fact is we look to others and we follow their lead a lot more than we think. It's what explains the spread of culture, fashion, language, ideas, and behavior. We do what we see other people do.

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what i'm curious like when you are in a conversation with someone what what are the things that bother you if if it's not going well what are the things that really like oh here we go oh no you know what's funny when i talk to people myself i truly honestly have a mindset of um how can i make this good

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I like that. Yeah, that's a great idea. That brings up, and this is probably my own failing, but I realize that most of the conversations, like if I'm at a party or something, I mean, I'm never going to see this person again. I'm never going to remember what they said. It's like, why make the effort?

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And here to explore this topic and explain why it's important to understand is R. Alexander Bentley. He's a professor and chair of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee, and he's co-author of a book called I'll Have What She's Having, Mapping Social Behavior. Hi, Alexander. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Great to be here, Mike.

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I mean, not always, but I mean, sometimes you get worn out of small, this is all small talky kind of stuff. And it's, you know, I much more enjoy conversations like this where we have a very specific topic that we're talking about and I can try to ask good questions and listen to your answers. But if I'm just meeting you at a party, it's going to be, how are you? What do you do? You know, and...

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And those kind of conversations are fairly forgettable. And so why put the effort in?

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Why We’re Wired to Imitate Others & How to Have a Great Conversation

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So before we get too far into the details here, why is this important and what's the big aha here?

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Yeah, I know you're right. I think it's more weariness, like when you're at a networking event or something and you've had, you know, 10 or 12 of those shallow conversations, you just kind of run out of gas. It's like, I just, I'm done. I'll try again tomorrow, but I just, enough's enough.

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Lastly, I want to ask you about, you just used the word, you know, connect with someone. And everyone's connected with someone. And you sort of know what that feels like. But what does it mean to connect with someone? And do you think that because I feel like I've connected with someone, how likely is it that they feel the same way?

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Well, I enjoy having a conversation about conversation, because it's something we all do every day, and yet we don't talk about doing it. We just do it. But today we talked about doing it while we were doing it.

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I've been talking to Dr. Allison Wood Brooks, who is a professor of business administration at the Harvard Business School, and she's author of the book, Talk, The Science of Conversation and the Art of Being Ourselves. If you'd like to read it, there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. And Allison, thank you so much.

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One of the things I really appreciate about a snowfall is how quiet it is afterwards. Why is that? Why is it so quiet? Well, partly because fewer people are out doing things because of the weather, but there's more to it. It's the arrangement of the snowflakes.

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As the snow falls, it piles up loosely with a lot of air spaces in between, and those air spaces absorb the sound in much the same way as holes in an acoustic ceiling tile do. As sound travels across a layer of fluffy snow, the pressure of the sound waves pushes air down into those spaces between the snowflakes, so the sound waves lose more and more pressure.

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So by the time the sound reaches your ears, you hear a softer, more muffled sound, or maybe no sound at all. Experiments show that a loud bang like a firecracker in the summer makes a quiet hump noise in a winter landscape covered with new snow because of the effects that I just described. And that is something you should know.

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If you enjoyed this podcast, you can show your support by leaving a five-star rating and review on whatever podcast platform you listen on, Apple Podcasts, Spotify. They all offer the ability to leave a rating and review, and it would be greatly appreciated. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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And just to make sure I'm on the same page with you, that I know what you mean by that, can you give me some examples of how we look at other people and follow what they do?

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Why We’re Wired to Imitate Others & How to Have a Great Conversation

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Also, why is it so quiet after a snowfall? Then the fascinating anatomy of a great conversation. It's probably not what you think.

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And the example of the title of your book I love because I've always been fascinated by when people say that, I'll have what she's having. Because there's a whole menu of things you could have. it's so easy to say, well, I'll just have what he's having. And I wonder, well, why not? Why do that?

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But I will almost never. Just out of principle, I will never have what she is having or he is having just because I don't, there's something about that. It's like too easy. And yeah, I want to, so I just out of principle, don't do that.

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Well, is anything ever completely independent? It seems like everything is is shaded a little or a lot by what's come before.

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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But our inclination to imitate other people, We don't imitate everybody. There must be a hierarchy of people. There must be maybe it's our friends or people that we work with or, you know, our family. There are more people I'm more likely to imitate than others, I suspect.

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Here's something that happens, and it's not exactly imitating or copying other people's behavior, but I imagine it's part of this same discussion, and that is recommendations. If you needed a dentist and you said, hey, Mike, I'm new to town, I need a dentist, can you recommend one? And I gave you the name of my dentist, That's probably going to carry a lot of weight with you.

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You're going to probably call that dentist. But the reality is that I'm no expert on dentists. I don't have a lot of experience with them. And so I don't know. Maybe my dentist is a great dentist. Maybe he's not. But the fact that I recommended it to you will carry weight with you.

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We're talking about how so much of what we do, we do by imitating others. My guest is R. Alexander Bentley, professor and chair of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee and co-author of the book, I'll Have What She's Having. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

Something You Should Know

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771.343

The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

Something You Should Know

Why We’re Wired to Imitate Others & How to Have a Great Conversation

794.678

which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

Why We’re Wired to Imitate Others & How to Have a Great Conversation

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Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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So, Professor, I understand that we copy, we imitate other people, and there are really good reasons for that. But I'm wondering, how much do we not do that? I mean, I like to think that many times I make my own decisions to do things or not do things. Where I'm not copying other people, I'm making an independent decision.

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Is looking it up on Google the same as I'll have what she's having?

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work.

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And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify. Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going...

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So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling. On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use.

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Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash SYSK, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash SYSK to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash SYSK. So Joshua, what about the history of cuteness? Has cuteness always been a thing? Has it always been important? Has it always been as big a deal as it is now? My guess is that's probably not the case, but you tell me.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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So does cuteness perpetuate itself? In other words, when you see a character in a movie that's very cute, and then Seems like there's more of those kinds of characters in movies because it seemed to work the last time. And then there's more cuteness and more cuteness. Like it kind of builds on itself.

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Is it fair to say that cuteness appeals to women more than men or not?

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Are we being manipulated by cuteness much in the way, you know, people say sex sells? Does cuteness sell? Are we suckers for cuteness?

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So you said a few minutes ago that there are so many ways to look at this topic of cuteness. And for someone who doesn't study cuteness, I can't imagine what some of those ways are. So what's one of those ways?

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Because based on what you're saying, there's a lot we now know about cuteness. I'm wondering how tech is incorporating, if at all, this whole concept of cuteness, and if so, how?

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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Right. Well, certainly you wouldn't feel all that threatened by a cute robot where you might, with a robot that talks like this, you know, a cute robot, well, okay, I'll play with that. Exactly. So we respond to cuteness almost instantly because it has this, which you describe as the baby scheme. It looks like a baby or has elements of the look of a baby.

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Do babies respond to cuteness to other babies who are cute?

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Yeah, and there have been, I've heard people say that, you know, maybe dogs can try to use it too, like when they've done something bad, they do that cute, you know, sad face thing. It's hard for me to imagine that's a deliberate use of cuteness.

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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But are they using it deliberately or are they're just cute? So, you know, it's hard to get mad at them because look how cute they are.

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So lastly, one last thing about cuteness that I probably don't know that would surprise me or interest me or fascinate me or whatever.

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Well, who knew there was so much about cuteness to talk about? But it's interesting to hear that there is so much to talk about. I've been talking with Joshua Paul Dale. He's one of the leading experts on cuteness. And he's author of a book called Irresistible, How Cuteness Wired Our Brains and Conquered the World. And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes.

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Joshua, this was really interesting. I know more about cuteness than I ever thought I would.

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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When you think about how many conversations people have every day, you would think we're all experts at it by now. And some people seem to be. We all know people who are brilliant conversationalists, while others of us aren't quite so good at it. For one thing, most of us never learned formally how to make a conversation. It's just something you learn as you go.

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So today we're going to discuss what makes a good conversation and a good conversationalist with my guest, Alison Wood Brooks. Alison is a professor at Harvard Business School, and she is author of a book called Talk, the Science of Conversation and the Art of Being Ourselves. Hi, Alison. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So as I said, conversation is something most of us just learn as we go. Seldom do we sit down and talk about the science of conversation. We just do it. So why are we talking about it?

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So what makes a good conversation?

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But in addition to those goals, and I get that, obviously, if you don't reach any of the goals of the conversation, I guess that means it didn't go very well. But we've all had those conversations that almost regardless of whether we hit the goals, You walk away going, wow, what a great, that was such, that was, I really enjoyed talking to that person.

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And we've all had conversations with people that are, what was that about? I mean, that was the, what a waste of time that was. And I want to try to understand, like, what happened that people walk away with those different kind of results?

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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I want to talk about small talk. People have very definite opinions on small talk. Some people hate it. Some people relish in it. I don't personally mind small talk except when you're in a situation where that's all there is. You're just kind of going from person to person and it's... Hi, how are you? What do you do? And that to me gets old pretty quick.

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And sometimes those conversations are fueled by alcohol and they just never really seem to go anywhere. And you wonder, well, you know, what's the point of small talk?

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And as I record this, I have to tell you, I am so glad this last 10 days is over. We were right at the edge of the Eaton Fire, one of the two first big fires in California. It burned literally right to our backyard, but we are okay. And I had a cold, that nasty cold that's going around that just will not go away. The cough keeps lingering.

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Yeah, I know you're right. I think it's more weariness, like when you're at a networking event or something and you've had, you know, 10 or 12 of those shallow conversations, you just kind of run out of gas. It's like, I just, I'm done. I'll try again tomorrow, but I just, enough's enough.

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I want to ask you about, you just used the word, connect with someone. And everyone's connected with someone, and you sort of know what that feels like, but what does it mean to connect with someone? And do you think that because I feel like I've connected with someone, how likely is it that they feel the same way?

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It's been a tough couple of days, so I'm glad we're pretty much at the end of it. Hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. We're going to start today talking about one of the pitfalls, big pitfalls, of email and texting, for that matter. And it has to do with sarcasm. For people to understand another person's sarcasm, they have to share context.

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I remember hearing somebody say something about Bill Clinton, that he is a great conversationalist because when you talk to him, you feel like you're the only person in the world, that he makes you so the focus of his existence for the few minutes he's talking to you, that everybody walks away from a conversation with him feeling terrific. And we've all had those people.

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I know those people that you talk to them often, And you walk away, you feel better about yourself. You feel smarter. You feel, you just feel terrific. And then the other side of that is you walk away from some conversations and feel horrible.

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And every time I talk to someone or I listen to someone talk about conversation, communicating with other people, how to be an effective communicator, they all say listening is one of the, if not the most critical parts of communicating. And yet I don't think people think about that, that they think it's, I've got to say what I need to say and get them to understand what I'm saying.

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If two people are about to walk out into a rainstorm and one person says, gee, what a lovely day for a walk, well, everybody gets it. Everybody understands the sarcasm because they all share the same context. But in an email or a text message, the person may not share this common ground, so any sarcasm could easily be misunderstood. In fact, it might even be offensive.

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One of the tricky parts of conversation seems to be ending it, especially if it's not going well or you get one of those people who answers with one word answers and you find yourself in a conversation that's going nowhere. How do you, what do you do?

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I'm curious, like, when you are in a conversation with someone, what are the things that bother you if it's not going well? What are the things that really like, oh, here we go. Oh, no.

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Studies have been conducted and have shown that sarcasm in email is often taken literally. And that can lead to a lot of trouble. Emoticons can help, but many of them are ambiguous, hard to see, and can look unprofessional. So as a general rule, sarcasm in an email or a text is extremely risky and probably better left to vocal communication, where it's much more obvious.

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Well, when you think about all the conversations we have, most of them are unplanned, they just go as they go. It's fun to take a look at the anatomy of a conversation and why some go really well and some go not so well. And I appreciate you explaining all this. Alison Wood Brooks has been my guest.

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She is a professor at Harvard Business School and author of the book, Talk, The Science of Conversation and the Art of Being Ourselves. And there's a link to her book at Amazon in the show notes. Thanks, Alison. A good conversation about conversation.

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If you drive enough, sooner or later you will see someone on the side of the road with a blown tire. And you've probably wondered, well, I wonder what causes that? Maybe they hit a nail or a piece of glass or something. Well, the biggest reason for tire blowouts isn't that. It's underinflation.

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When your tires are underinflated, the sidewalls become weak and the tire is more likely to blow out while you're driving, which can be very dangerous. Another big reason tires blow out is overinflation, which can cause your tires to pop like a balloon, again with very serious consequences.

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The best advice is to make sure to check your tire pressure once a month and follow the inflation recommendations in the car owner's manual, not the inflation number on the side of the tire. That's the maximum pressure that the tire can take, but not necessarily the ideal pressure. And that is something you should know.

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If you enjoy this podcast, you can share your thoughts by leaving a rating and review on whatever platform you listen on. Apple Podcasts, Spotify, CastBox, whichever one, please leave a rating and review. Appreciate it. Thanks. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thank you for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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And that is something you should know. Human beings are suckers for all things cute. A cute baby, a cute puppy, a kitten, a bear cub, a cartoon character. They all grab our attention because they're so cute. So what is cute? What makes something cute? Does cute sell? Marketers use cute characters a lot to sell products. Does it work?

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Well, as you might imagine, cute has been studied, and one of the experts on cute is Joshua Paul Dale. He is a professor in the Department of English Literature and Culture at, I think it's pronounced Chuo University in Tokyo, C-H-U-O. He's been featured as an expert on cuteness by media outlets such as the New York Times, CNN. National Geographic, The Guardian, and Discover Magazine.

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He's author of a book called Irresistible, How Cuteness Wired Our Brains and Conquered the World. Hi Joshua, welcome to Something You Should Know. Hello Mike, and thanks very much for having me. So what a fascinating topic, because... Everybody seems to be attracted to things that are cute. But you wonder, like, what is it about something that makes it cute?

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Because you could look at a cute puppy, right? And they're just adorable. But in a few weeks, few months, not so cute anymore. So what happened? We all know cute when we see it, but what is the definition of cute?

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So what are the elements of cuteness? What must something have in order for people to look at it and go, oh, look how cute.

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And what does seeing or observing or experiencing cuteness in the world do for me? Why do I like it and what does it do for me?

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Today on Something You Should Know, why sarcasm and email really don't mix well. Then, why we love cute things and why cuteness is so powerful.

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The word cute, though, Seems to have been hijacked for a lot of things. Like you will often see someone try a clothes on and go, oh, that outfit, it's so cute. It looks so cute on you. Well, does it look cute on you? It doesn't look cute. Certainly not the way you're talking about cute. It's come to mean something else. I'm not sure what that means.

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Are we suckers for cute? In other words, if there are two similar items for sale and they're the same price, everything's similar, but one of them's got this cute baby puppy face, Are we more likely to buy it?

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Well, that brings up an interesting question because we know what a cute voice sounds like, but a cute voice doesn't have any of the characteristics that you talked about because you can't see it. So what makes a cute voice cute?

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What about cuteness with other species? Because if you see like little wolves or little bears, they're adorable, they're cute, they're very cute. Is it having the same effect on other bears? Like, oh, isn't that cub so cute or not?

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So why do you care about this? Why is this worth studying? Other than I can certainly see from a marketing point of view, wanting to understand how to use cuteness to sell stuff. But I assume your interest in this is not that.

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Also, the biggest reason car tires blow out and how to prevent it. And the anatomy of good conversation and why every conversation is important.

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We're discussing cuteness. My guest is Joshua Paul Dale. He's author of the book Irresistible, How Cuteness Wired Our Brains and Conquered the World. Thank you so much for having me. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

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What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff. Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly.

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So when you just said, like, when you were a child, if you were anxious and neurotic, well, why were you anxious and neurotic? Do we know where those things come from, or they just...

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Why is it that some people are just luckier than others? That's the topic we're starting this episode with today. Hi and welcome to Something You Should Know. How lucky you are probably depends in large part on how you define luck. But we know that people who consider themselves lucky do have some interesting characteristics. Anxious people tend to be more unlucky.

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So everything that happens to you is part of your personality, but your personality also affects everything that happens to you.

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Has anybody looked at when people try to change their personality, it's kind of a big term, but how many times does it take? How successful are people? Is it 3% of people who try succeed or is it the other way around? I mean, is this a daunting task or is this something that if you put your mind to it, it's not that tough?

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I want to get a better sense that if you try to change your personality, are you always trying to change your personality? Are you always pushing against the grain that here's your personality and this thing you're doing is not your personality? Or does it become your personality? Do you become more neat, more on time, more extroverted, and that's now who you are?

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And my last question is, and it's maybe a personal question to you, but also if there's research about this, when people decide that they're going to make a change in their personality or attempt to, is it because something happened or is it just a decision one day kind of out of the blue?

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In one study, people were asked to read a newspaper. Some of the people identified themselves as lucky, while others said they were unlucky. On one half page of the newspaper, it said in large letters, Tell the experimenter you've seen this and win $300.

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Well, as I think you said, you can change your personality, but you have to work at it. You have to do something every day. But I think that comes as good news to people because, I mean, I've always thought your personality is your personality, and that's who you are and who you're going to be for the most part.

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And I think it's liberating to know that if you really think it's something to change, then... Then change it. I've been speaking with Olga Kazan. She's a staff writer for The Atlantic and author of the book, Me But Better, The Science and Promise of Personality Change. And there's a link to her book in the show notes. Olga, appreciate you coming on and talking about this. Thanks.

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Something interesting to me, not sure why, is trash. It's interesting because, like most everyone else, I sort my trash, put stuff in the appropriate bins, and then put it out on the curb, and it gets taken somewhere. It goes to a landfill, or the recyclables get recycled somewhere, probably not too far away, and it's all very efficient.

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The people who said they were lucky were more likely to have seen that, while the unlucky people seemed to demonstrate more anxiety, which detracted from their powers of observation, which made them less likely to see that. Serendipity seems to matter a lot. Chance meetings with strangers and old friends increase the likelihood that good things will happen.

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And yet, as you're about to learn, it's not all that efficient. Some of the recyclables that you go to the trouble of separating out end up in the landfill with the trash. A lot of it cannot be recycled. Some of it gets shipped to other countries for all sorts of reasons. And plastic presents a whole set of problems that a few decades ago we didn't have to deal with.

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Here to explain what really happens to your trash is Alexander Clapp. He is a journalist and writer based in Greece, and his reporting has appeared in the New York Times and The Economist and other places. He's the author of a book called Waste Wars, The Wild Afterlife of Your Trash. Hi, Alexander. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thank you, Mike. Thank you for having me.

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So I put my trash and my recyclables and my yard waste, I put them in their bins, and I like to think good things happen to them. But, you know, it's all very vague. Like, I hear that some of the trash goes to other countries and that that causes environmental problems, and I don't really know what happens.

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Well, that's not what people had in mind. Because when you think of recycling, you think you're doing a good thing, that you're helping the planet and all that. And in fact, perhaps not. And I had heard that for a long time, China used to take a lot of our recyclables and or trash and don't anymore. So now a lot of it does end up in landfills because nobody really wants it. That's right.

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So you have to put yourself in situations where those encounters are more likely to occur. People who do tend to be luckier. Attitude helps too. A positive go-getter attitude is more likely the attitude of a lucky person. And even lucky charms seem to work. Why? because people believe they do. And that is something you should know.

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And so what's the future of this? I mean, it sounds like, you know, here, you take it, I don't want it. No, no, you take it, I don't want it. And nobody really wants it. So where's this headed?

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That comes as a surprising statement, I think, to many people because the whole point of plastic was, well, not necessarily the whole point, but in addition to the convenience that it provides, that you could do something with it. You could recycle it into something else and that, see, isn't this great? And we've got nothing to worry about.

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If plastic is so not able to do what it was promised to do, why doesn't there, at least from my perspective, doesn't there seem to be a shift away from plastic, maybe back to glass bottles or maybe to other kinds of packaging? I don't see any change. If anything, it looks like there's more plastic than ever.

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But here's the thing, though. There are so many, well, I don't know how many, but there are a lot of products that exist as plastic that seemingly can't be anything else. I mean, your credit cards can't be anything other than plastic, it would seem to me. I don't know what else they could be. There are other products. I'm sure we could think of a bunch of them if we sat here long enough.

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Today on Something You Should Know, the interesting things lucky people have in common. Then, there are strategies to change your personality. And do the people who make the change like the change?

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I would imagine, if you thought about it for a moment, I would imagine there are at least parts of your personality you would change if you could. Maybe you've thought, I wish I could be more like that person. You know, more outgoing or less critical or whatever it is. But you probably think that changing your personality seems almost impossible.

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Then what do you do? It's a really good question.

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And yet they're not, or they're not like they used to be. I remember seeing a picture of a store shelf of soda from the 50s, and it's all glass bottles. And today, there's not a single glass bottle.

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But there's no uproar. I mean, well, you're uproaring a little bit here, but there's no big, like, I did an interview that's always stuck with me. It was just a couple of years ago of someone from Consumer Reports that said that we all ingest about a credit card's worth of plastic every week. I think it was every week. That's right. That's just frightening. But there it is.

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What does the plastic industry say about this? I mean, or do they just sweep it under the rug? I mean, do they have a counter argument to all of this of why we need all this plastic or do they just pretend not to notice?

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When I think of plastic, I tend to think of consumer items, bottles, things around my house that are plastic. But is that the real problem or is it other kinds of plastic, industrial plastic or something else that's the real problem?

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You are who you are and you can't change it a whole lot. Or can you? Maybe you can, according to my guest, Olga Kazan. She is a staff writer for The Atlantic, and she has also written for The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, and The Washington Post. She's author of a book called Me But Better, The Science and Promise of Personality Change. Hi, Olga. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So changing your personality or parts of your personality seems daunting because I believe, and I think most people believe, your personality is your personality. And yes, you can change it a little bit, and it probably changes by itself over time. But ultimately, you are who you are, and that's it. That's who you are.

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Also, what your handshake might reveal about your risk of illness. And what happens to all the plastic you think you're recycling?

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Well, I guess one thing I'd like to get a better focus on, a handle on, is what is your personality? How do you define that?

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So can you run down the five traits of personality?

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Well, here's the thing that I find so fascinating about this is you, as part of your personality, would you say that whether you're, say, a neat person or a slob or somewhere on that spectrum, that's part of your personality, yes?

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And so how many times have people, maybe more so people who are messy, say, I wish I were neater? Well, there's nothing stopping you from being neater. No one's saying you can't be neater. People lament that they wish they were neater, but they don't get neater. So what's that?

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That's interesting because I would think if you have a driving urge to change something about yourself, It's always fascinated me. Well, then just go do that. People make it sound as if it's not possible. Like, oh, I wish I could be more like that. Well, give it a try. Why not? But there's this invisible wall that I can't get there from here.

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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It would seem that something like introversion would be hard to change. I know nothing of the science, but that feels more hardwired than anything. That if you're introverted and you do what you suggested or what you did, of going out and taking an improv class and really getting out there, that you would come home and go, oh my God, that was exhausting. I mean, I don't ever want to do that again.

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So when you came back from that improv class, did you go, wow, that was great, or wow, that was, or what did you, how did it feel?

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We're talking about how to change parts of your personality. And my guest is Olga Kazan, author of the book Me But Better, The Science and Promise of Personality Change.

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So Olga, I think what you said before is really important that people may want to change their personality. You know, I wish I had more friends. I wish I was more outgoing. I wish I was not late all the time. But if you don't know the steps to take to get from here to there, then you're really stuck.

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Do you think, or does the science say, or do you think, that personality changes much over time? And I guess what I mean by that is, you know, it's kind of like you look at yourself in the mirror every day for 80 years, you don't notice the change, because you're seeing yourself every day. But I wonder if the same thing is true with personality.

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Are we very different at 80 years later, or is the core of our personality still the same?

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Where To Find Answers to Your Toughest Problems & How Weather Works

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Today on Something You Should Know, the hidden dangers of women's shoes, then the surprising ways data can help you make better choices from finding a mate, being happy, or getting rich.

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Where To Find Answers to Your Toughest Problems & How Weather Works

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So, Seth, we've talked about this on this podcast before. Isn't being out in nature a real contributor to happiness?

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Maybe on the flip side of that, you talk about the misery-inducing traps of modern life where maybe these are the things people are doing or buying to seek happiness that don't deliver.

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I have noticed improved muscle strength and endurance. MitoPure works by promoting an essential cellular cleanup process. It clears out dysfunctional mitochondria. And it's the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline.

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What in all the data that you looked at, what, if we haven't talked about it, surprised you the most or that you found the most interesting?

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So, look, I invite you to join me and awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. And I'd love to hear about your results. Timeline, that's the company behind MitoPure. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of MitoPure. Go to Timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E.

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I know you found some surprising data on parenting that I think any parent would be interested in hearing about what affects how their kids turn out.

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What does the data say about the role of luck in your life? Because it seems to me it plays a bigger role than a lot of people think it does.

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Well, you talk a little bit about the outsider's edge, which is this concept that, you know, people who aren't in the know on something have an advantage because they bring like this fresh thinking that they're not. What is that?

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What are some of the other myths that you uncovered?

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Timeline.com slash something.

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Well, I always enjoy these conversations that explain how the data either confirms or denies the conventional wisdom. And as you just pointed out, how the data proves that a lot of conventional wisdom is a myth. It's always fun to hear that. Seth Stevens Davidovitz has been my guest. And the name of his book is Don't Trust Your Gut, Using Data to Get What You Really Want in Life.

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And there's a link to his book in the show notes. I appreciate it, Seth. This was great. Thanks so much, Michael.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Hi. I'm one of those people that doesn't really like wearing shoes all that much. Around the house, I pretty much wear socks, and I'll admit that I'm not wearing shoes right now. And I may be on to something because wearing shoes can be dangerous, especially high heels. In fact, in one survey, over half the female population in the U.S. say they have been injured as a result of wearing high heels.

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When you think about weather, you probably think of things like temperature, rain, wind, snow, those kind of things, because those are the things we're familiar with and have experienced. Hey, Tristan, welcome. Thanks for coming on. Sure. Thanks for having me on.

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I guess because we're in it all the time and we see weather forecasts on TV, we think we have a pretty good working knowledge of weather, right?

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Yeah. Well, not only have I never noticed that, but as you say, you know, it's counterintuitive to think that under a tree would be warmer. You would think that, that out in the sun you would be warmer and under the tree it would be colder, but, but the reverse is true. And yeah, these are things like you would never, well, how did I not notice that?

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And according to data from the Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, there have actually been injuries associated with wearing high heels that resulted in trips to the emergency room. In fact, between 2002 and 2012, there were 123,355 high heel related injuries seen in the emergency room during that period. That's about 12,000 a year.

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So tell me some of the ways that trees help. You said that the southern side of a tree is bigger. What do you mean?

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So let's talk about clouds, because I mean, you walk outside, you look at clouds, there they are. And we sometimes see images in them, and some of them look different than others. So give me the ABCs of clouds.

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and it was people between the ages of 20 and 29 who were most likely to suffer an injury. Now, some historians suggest that high heels have been around for nearly 300 years, and medical professionals have been warning about the dangers of high heels for roughly the same amount of time.

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So this might be fun, maybe. Let's take a walk down an imaginary street or imaginary path and tell me some of the things that you would notice that tell you where you are or where you're going or help you navigate.

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When you see weather, when you see it rain or snow or it's real windy, is that telling you something?

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60% of women claim to regret at least one purchase of shoes, most women only wear four pairs of shoes regularly, and 25% of their shoe collection have only been worn once. And that is something you should know. You make a lot of big decisions in your life based solely on your gut. What feels right? Mostly because there really isn't much else to go on.

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Let's talk about wind. What makes the wind blow, and why is wind so interesting?

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And so why doesn't the pressure all just equal out and be done with it? Why does it change?

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So you use your own judgment to decide things like who to date, who to marry, what career path to follow, figuring out what makes you happy, how to be a good parent. But what if there was some objective data on these topics that could really help you make better choices? Well, there is, according to economist and former Google data scientist Seth Stevens Davidovitz.

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So what's one more way that you can navigate in the world through looking at nature?

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Also, how working too much makes you boring and forgetful. And so much about weather you never knew and how weather affects everything, even how trees grow.

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Well, it's funny, as you're talking, I'm looking out the window and looking at the tops of trees and looking at the south side of the trees that I see. It's really interesting. I know that when I drive the next time, I'm going to be checking out some of the things that you've been talking about. Tristan Gooley's been my guest.

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His book is called The Secret World of Weather, and you'll find a link to his book in the show notes. Thanks for being here, Tristan. This was fun.

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When holidays or vacations or weekends roll around, are you one of those people who can really dive in and enjoy that time off? Or do you find ways to keep doing your work? Well, if you like to keep working on your days off, listen to this. It turns out that working too hard and putting in a lot of overtime in order to climb the ladder can actually mess things up for you in the future.

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According to a study in the American Journal of Epidemiology, too much work over the years can leave you absent-minded, dull your creative edge, and leave you more prone to dementia. In the study, the people who worked the most overtime hours saw a significant drop in reasoning power and vocabulary skills by the time they hit their early 50s. So, when it comes to overtime, maybe less is more.

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He's author of a book called Don't Trust Your Gut, using data to get what you really want in life. Hi, David. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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And that is something you should know. Supposedly, the best advertising is word of mouth, and that is certainly the case when it comes to this podcast. The people who listen tell their friends, and then they tell their friends, and that's how we grow our audience. If you would like to help, please share this podcast with someone you think would enjoy listening. I'm Mike Carruthers.

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Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one.

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The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

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He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

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The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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So I really like this idea, this idea of like using data and algorithms to make better choices, which we generally don't do. So explain how you came up with this idea.

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To which some might say, well, maybe some of these big questions are not better served by data. Maybe the old-fashioned way of trusting your gut and doing it the way grandma did it is better. So as you look at the whole thing, when the dust settles, do you come away saying data's a better way, or it's too individual, or data's not a better way?

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Somehow that doesn't surprise me.

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So let's dive into some of these specifically. And I wanted to maybe start with wealth, because I think there's this kind of skewed view of the best way to get rich and the best way to be wealthy. So what does the data say?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Recently, I was asked to try a supplement called Mitopur and then talk about it here. And I said, well, let me check it out. So Mitopur is a precise dose of urolithin A. That's a metabolic compound that is clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And it's also found in small amounts in certain fruits and nuts.

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Well, I imagine a lot of it has to do with what kind of business you run or own, because there are plenty of statistics about how most new businesses fail. Restaurants go out of business a lot of the time.

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So I guess mainly because these things are so visible, a lot of young people think the path to wealth is being an athlete or being a celebrity on YouTube or trying to be a Kardashian or something like that, that I imagine the odds of that are pretty low.

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Well, isn't that true of any business? The people who, no matter what business, the few that are the real high achievers are the hustlers.

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So let's talk about happiness, because I think people have a sense of what happiness is and where it comes from. What does the data say?

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Now, as I've talked about many times here, I work at staying fit and healthy. It's important to me. And when I researched some studies online and found urolithin A, which is what MitoPure is, is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance, and I saw that it was safe to take, I started taking it. And I've been taking it a while now, and I see a change.

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We're talking about data and how it can prove or disprove conventional wisdom and help you make better choices in life. Seth Stevens Davidovitz is my guest. His book is called Don't Trust Your Gut.

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I'm speaking with Peter Bregman, and we're talking about how to change other people. Peter is a well-respected consultant and coach and author, and the name of his book is You Can Change Other People. If I asked you what's one thing you'd like to do right now to improve yourself, your health, your well-being, I suspect near the top of that list is drop some weight.

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So if you're struggling with losing weight and need some extra help, it's time to check out H.E.R.S., The holistic program from HERS gives you access to personalized solutions like GLP-1 weekly injections that have the same active ingredient as Ozempic and Wagovi and oral medication kits. HERS connects you with a medical provider who will create a personalized treatment plan just for you.

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Then if prescribed, you get the medication as part of a doctor-developed weight loss program, and it includes ongoing care and online support, all at no additional cost. Through HERS, weight loss plans are more affordable with compounded GLP-1 injections starting at $199 a month with a 12-month subscription paid up front. Start your free online visit today at 4HERS.com slash S-Y-S-K.

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Whether you're selling holiday gifts or auto parts or gourmet food, it doesn't matter. Shopify is there to help you grow from the launch your online shop stage to the first real life store stage all the way up to the did we just hit a million order stage? Here's what I love about Shopify. It's not just a platform. They have these great tools that help you sell more.

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That's F-O-R-H-E-R-S dot com slash S-Y-S-K for your personalized weight loss treatment options. ForHERS dot com slash S-Y-S-K. HERS weight loss is not available everywhere. Compounded products are not FDA approved or verified for safety, effectiveness, or quality. Prescription required. Restrictions apply. Wegovi and Ozempic are not compounded. How much do you spend on wireless service?

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What's your monthly bill? I bet it's a lot, especially if you have several people in your house with their own phones. However much you're paying, I think you can do better with Mint Mobile. Mint Mobile offers premium wireless for $15 a month when you purchase a three-month plan. Now, I have Mint Mobile because, well, just do the math. There's how much you pay compared to Mint Mobile's $15 a month.

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And all plans come with high-speed data and unlimited talk and text delivered on the nation's largest 5G network. And you can keep your own phone with any Mint Mobile plan, bring your phone number and all your existing contacts with you. So let's get rid of your overpriced wireless and get Mint Mobile's deal and get three months of premium wireless for $15 a month.

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To get this new customer offer and your 3-month premium wireless plan for just $15 a month, go to mintmobile.com slash something. That's mintmobile.com slash something. Cut your wireless bill to $15 a month at mintmobile.com slash something. $45 upfront payment required, equivalent to $15 a month. New customers on first 3-month plan only. Speed slower above 40GB on unlimited plan.

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Additional taxes, fees, and restrictions apply. See Mint Mobile for details. So, Peter, so far we've used this example of you and your daughter, but that kind of relationship is a very close relationship, and as your daughter, she respects you and cares about what you think, I imagine. So, what about, though, in a work situation where you've got somebody who needs to change?

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Maybe they're a member of the team, and... But they don't see a problem. They're hard to align with and be an ally for to solve a problem if they don't see the problem.

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For example, they have the Internet's best converting checkout, 36% better on average compared to other leading commerce platforms. They have this thing, it's the Shopify Bundles app, where you can create and sell product bundles with ease. So you sell more. They also have something called the Shopify Collective.

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I wonder what it is that if people want to change online, why they need somebody else to help them change, why they need that ally? What happens there that people just don't do it on their own?

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Yeah, well, that makes perfect sense that, you know, you're too close to the problem. It's your problem. It's always easier to help other people. It's always easier to solve somebody else's problem than your own.

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How do you start this process? How do you approach someone who you would like to see change and get them to buy into this?

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You can curate products to sell from other brands, brands you love, giving your customers more variety and your business more sales. Come on, it's time to check out Shopify. Sign up for a $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K now to grow your business, no matter what stage you're in. Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K.

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Well, yeah, that's a kind of a good way to feather the nest there and make it so that that conversation goes so much better. But I think you have to be very careful not to slip back into critic once the conversation starts. Seems like that would be very easy to do if you're not careful.

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But it does get back to the idea that you can't change people who don't want to be changed. You can't solve a problem that the person doesn't think exists.

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When I think about trying to get someone else to change, I've always thought of it more of as a, you know, I'm right, you're wrong conversation. kind of problem, that you need to do this because I said so. And what you're talking about is a very different approach that aligns the parties and probably has a lot better chance of success. Peter Bregman has been my guest.

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He is a consultant and coach and author. The name of his book is You Can Change Other People, and you can find a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes. Thank you, Peter. Appreciate the insight.

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How often have you heard people make a claim about something and say, but it's scientifically proven. There's real science here. Often it involves food, nutrition, or some other health claim that must be true because of the science. Well, not so fast.

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Here to give us all a better understanding about what is and isn't science, and how that word science gets misused in order to mislead, is Dr. Joe Schwartz. He's director of McGill University's Office for Science and Society. He's the author of several books. He's been a guest here before, and his latest book is called Superfoods, Silkworms, and Spandex, Science and Pseudoscience in Everyday Life.

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Hey Joe, welcome back. Merry Christmas. Hi, Michael. So let's start with superfoods, because I hear that expression a lot that, you know, blueberries are a superfood or, you know, pick your food, but that a lot of foods are labeled superfoods.

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Hey there. Welcome to Something You Should Know. When you listen to music, there's a pretty good chance that you listen on headphones or earbuds. I think I, whenever I listen to music, practically, I'm listening on headphones or earbuds. And the question is, does listening to music on headphones or earbuds cause hearing loss? Well, it does for a lot of people.

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So talk about this term biobase. We hear this a lot about fuels like, oh, we need more biobased fuels because that's better for the environment and we're going to run out of fossil fuels. What about that?

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You see, according to experts at Harvard, regardless of the source of the sound, hearing loss is the result of three factors. Volume of sound, the duration of the sound, and how far away the source of the sound is from your ears.

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Well, if you're listening to music on headphones, the volume can be pretty loud, the duration can be pretty long, and it would be hard to be any closer to your ear than headphones get. So you see the problem. There's an additional issue. Portable music devices have updated over the years to adapt to higher qualities of digital sound.

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Talk about the science of old book smell. Anybody who has opened an old book, maybe in a library or something that hasn't been opened in a long time, there's a very distinctive old book smell. And you talk about that.

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What's the science behind duct tape or the science about duct tape?

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I mean, I get press releases all the time about, you know, this is the end of the world kind of thing. And I think people don't really know much about it or really know how big a concern it is. So clear that up.

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With old audio devices, when the sound got too loud, the music didn't sound right. The bass would often distort and it would just sound horrible in your ear, so you would naturally lower the volume. But now, with digital sound, you can turn up the volume and it doesn't distort, so there's a tendency to turn up the volume.

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Just be aware that listening to loud music for long periods of time on headphones or earbuds will take a toll on your hearing. It pretty much has to. And that is something you should know. I'm sure you've heard the common wisdom that you cannot change other people. That generally people don't change. And if they do change, they have to change themselves.

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Well, great, Joe. It's always a pleasure to have you on. I enjoy listening to your scientific explanations because they're unique and they make you think. I've been speaking with Dr. Joe Schwartz. He is director of McGill University's Office for Science and Society. He's the author of several books. His latest is called Superfoods, Silkworms and Spandex, Science and Pseudoscience in Everyday Life.

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And there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes if you would like to buy it. Thank you for coming on again, Joe. Always a pleasure. I appreciate that very much. Thank you. You've probably heard the theory that having a pet dog is somehow good for your health. And you may have wondered, well, how? Like, how does that work? Well, here's one way it works.

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Scientists took a look at 421 heart attack victims, some dog owners, some not dog owners. They found the dog owners were far more likely to survive the heart attack than the non-dog owners. Dog owners are less obese and more active physically and socially. Another study found that pet owners have to go to the doctor less often than people with no pet.

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The study looked at kids, too, and those kids with pets had stronger comforting and empathy skills and a better sense of overall well-being. So those are just some examples of how having a pet dog is good for your health. And that is something you should know. I assume you've enjoyed this podcast since you made it all the way to the end of the episode.

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And so since you did enjoy it, perhaps you could tell someone you know and ask them to give a listen and help us grow our audience. I'm Micah Brothers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. There is a fascinating and unique podcast I'd like you to check out, as I have. It's called Only One in the Room.

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A few years back, Laura Cathcart Robbins attended a writer's retreat where out of 600 attendees, she was the only black one. So later she wrote about her experience and the article went viral because people understand what it feels like to be the only one in the room. Only one in the room is for anyone who has ever felt alone in a room full of people. I bet you've had that feeling.

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That trying to change other people is a waste of time. Well, meet someone who disagrees with that. Peter Bregman. Peter is a well-respected consultant and coach who has authored several books, one of which is called You Can Change Other People. And as he'll explain, it's not about manipulating people. And, well, I'll let him explain it. Hi, Peter. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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Listen and you'll hear guests like Hilary Phelps, sister of Olympian Michael Phelps, sharing her story of her secret addiction. Former Fox News reporter Christine O'Donnell, who was fired after one of her social media posts was taken out of context. Only One in the Room was named a top podcast by Reader's Digest, The Manual, and Bustle Magazines.

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Every week, Laura and her co-host Scott Slaughter invite you to join them for an hour and lose yourself in someone's only one story. Check out Only One in the Room wherever you get your podcasts.

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Today on Something You Should Know, the problem with listening to music with headphones and how to solve it. Then, can you really change other people? Sometimes, if you know the process.

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So since there is this common belief that you cannot change other people, explain why you can and why you would and why you'd want to, and what's the point of all of this?

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It also seems though that one of the reasons people don't change is that when you try to change somebody, you're trying to change them to fit your needs and wants and desires. It may have nothing to do with them. You want them to do what you want to do.

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And so we've been talking so far in kind of the abstract. Can you give me an example of how you would change somebody so I get a better sense of what you're talking about?

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Also, you've heard that having a pet is good for your health. So how does that work exactly? And some everyday science explained on things like plastics, old book smell, and superfoods.

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And so it would seem that if the answer is no, if permission is not granted, that's pretty much the end of that.

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So clearly in a situation like that, the person you're trying to change has to value what you have to say. In this case, your daughter obviously is going to value what her father has to say, but that isn't always the case. People have varying feelings about the people in their life who are trying to change them and may not respect what they have to say or advice they have to offer.

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What about the momentum of this? It seems like you could have this conversation with your daughter, but a week later, there might be another plate of cookies again.

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What about though, when you're in a situation with someone and let's just change the nature of the conversation, you walk in your daughter's eating the last cookie of this plate of cookies that she's been up till, till four in the morning and she doesn't see a problem with it. Why don't you just get off her back?

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We're talking about psychological targeting. Sandra Matz is my guest. She's a professor at Columbia Business School and author of the book Mind Masters, The Data Driven Science of Predicting and Changing Human Behavior. Thank you for having me. It's a bit similar to something you should know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

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What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff. Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work.

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And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify. Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going...

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So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling. On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use.

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Also, do you love your snooze alarm or hate it? There are some things worth knowing about it. And curiosity, it's a powerful tool and there are a lot of ways to make it work for you.

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Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash SYSK, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash SYSK to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash SYSK. So, Sandra, when a camera captures me walking down the street, does my image get recognized? Do they use facial recognition and they know who I am?

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And then does that image get paired with all this other data as part of a package of information about me?

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The companies that do this make money because they then sell the information to other companies? Is that the business model?

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There seems to be like two competing thoughts here that... People are afraid that all this data is being collected about them, but then it also seems that people kind of have thrown their hands up and said, well, there's nothing you can do, so let's not even worry about it. Should we be worried about it?

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What about the people who think, because they say so, that they're off the grid? They're not shopping online. They're not doing things. They're not using email. So nobody can track them, to which you would say...

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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See, I've always figured, I mean, obviously the credit card company knows what I bought because it's on the statement, and whoever I bought it from knows I bought it from them. But the credit card companies then sell that data to somebody else?

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That is very surprising because then you would think somebody would come out with a credit card that says, you know, use our credit card and we won't sell your data.

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So you often hear the advice that you have to protect your data, but I don't know how to do that. I mean, what does that mean to protect our data?

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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Given where we are, what is it that you recommend people do or what is it you do maybe different than what I do to protect as best you can your own data?

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Yeah. There does seem, you know, there just does seem to be this whole feeling of, well, there's nothing you can do. And the symptom of that to me has always been like, you know, people have these smart speakers in their house listening all the time and nobody seems to care. Yeah.

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Well, this whole subject of psychological targeting is something I don't think people truly understand or don't understand it in the depth that they probably need to. So I really appreciate you explaining all this. Sandra Matz has been my guest.

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She's a professor at Columbia University Business School, and she is author of the book Mind Masters, the data-driven science of predicting and changing human behavior. There's a link to her book and to her TED Talk on psychological targeting in the show notes for this episode. Thank you, Sandra.

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Are you a curious person? Are you interested in what other people believe and what they have to say? Being curious is probably a good trait to have for a lot of reasons. That's according to my guest, Scott Shigioka. He has turned curiosity into a calling. He's a leading expert on curiosity and has taught courses on the topic at the University of Texas at Austin.

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Recently, he took a 45,000-mile trip around the U.S. for over a year just so he could be curious about people different from him from all walks of life. Scott is author of a book called Seek, How Curiosity Can Transform Your Life and Change the World. Hey, Scott. Hello. Thanks for being here.

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So I think I know what curiosity is, but I'm curious how you define curiosity.

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And we should do this because why? What are the benefits of being curious?

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your job's more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need. Something you should know.

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You said that curiosity improves relationships. But I'd like to hear how that works. I mean, how do you know that? How do we know that curiosity improves relationships?

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That conversations are not couched in curiosity as much as they're couched in anger. And curiosity seems like it might be a better, kinder way to do it, but that's not what we do.

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Well, isn't that a great story? Because wouldn't it be great if everybody was able to do what you did and get out of your, you know, take the blinders off and go look at the rest of the world with that kind of open attitude and curious attitude that most of us don't, we never think to do that.

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Hi there. You can probably hear it in my voice. I have a nasty cold and it's making me sound funny. But, you know, the show must go on, so let's go on. Here's something you've probably wondered about. Because you know that all food has calories in it, but the act of eating the food must burn calories. But how much? Well, it actually depends on what food you're talking about.

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You know, I've always thought, and I learned this at a fairly early age, that curiosity is really a gift you can give. Because when people are curious about you, it makes you feel good. It makes you feel heard. It makes you feel as if what you have to say someone finds important. And so often we think we know it all and we dismiss what other people think and say.

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And yet, just to turn that around and just... Tell me what you say. Why do you think that? I mean, asking those kinds of curious questions makes people feel good.

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I have a couple of people who have been in my life who I always, I just always have had this, I love talking to them because when the conversation is over... I feel so much better about myself. I feel smarter. I feel like I'm really, you know, because of their curiosity about me and wanting to hear what I have to say makes me feel good.

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life i guess it's because you know if if people ask me my thoughts they must care what i think maybe what i think is worth saying you know there's this thing that goes on in your head that you know i'm i must have something to say and i i don't know what it is but it's just it feels good and and and it fosters a better conversation

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When you burn some of the calories you eat simply by digesting them, it's called the thermic effect. Overall, it's about 10% of the calories that you consume are burned up through digestion. However, fats have only about a 3% thermic effect. That means if you eat 100 fat calories, you'll only burn about 3 of them from digestion. Vegetables and fruits have a thermic effect of about 20%.

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What's a good way to start being curious and that pays dividends like, oh, well, this is good. This is better.

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Proteins have a thermic effect of about 30%. If you eat 300 protein calories, you'll burn off 90 calories while digesting them. You may be able to increase the thermic effect. One way is by increasing your muscle mass. People with more muscle mass burn more calories digesting food than people with more body fat.

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And lastly, you've already given some examples specifically about this, but I think a lot of us hate that shallow, you know, how are you doing? What's going on? Hey, what's up? So what else can you say? I mean, how else do you get over that, past that facade into something much more real?

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Well, I like those questions a lot more than, hey, how are you? What's going on? What kind of work do you do? Seems like curiosity can be powerful if you're willing to maybe dive a little deeper than that. I've been talking with Scott Shigioka. His book is called Seek, How Curiosity Can Transform Your Life and Change the World. And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes.

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There is also reason to believe that not eating two hours before you go to bed and chewing your food carefully and thoroughly can amp up the thermic effect. And that is something you should know. I'm sure you've heard conversations about how companies keep personal information about you. We've talked about that here.

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Hey, Scott, thank you for coming on. This was great. Awesome. Thanks so much, Mike. If you're one of those people who uses the snooze alarm occasionally, that's probably no big deal. But if you hit the snooze alarm five or six times in the morning, you're doing yourself a disservice.

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It seems the sleep you get in those short intervals is not very good sleep, so you might as well just get up and get the day going. By the way, your snooze alarm is most likely nine minutes long. Not ten. Nine. Why?

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Years ago, mechanical clock engineers had to configure the clock gears, and they had two choices to set the snooze for either a little more than nine minutes or a little more than ten minutes. Clockmakers decided on the 9-minute gear, believing that 10 minutes would be too long and allow someone to fall into a deep sleep.

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Of course, clock manufacturers today have the option to set snooze buttons for any length of time, but most of them stick with the 9-minute custom. And that is something you should know. As always, your continued help in spreading the word about Something You Should Know really helps us grow our podcast with that word-of-mouth marketing, and we really appreciate it.

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So please share this podcast with people you know. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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And you probably think or I've always thought that it's stuff like credit card information or what products you've purchased or perhaps somebody is tracking your activities online. But as you're about to hear, It is far more than that.

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With every app you get or credit card you get or website you shop at, somewhere in the fine print, you agreed to allow many of these companies to not only track what you do and what you buy and other various personal information about you, You also give them permission to sell that information to pretty much anybody who wants to buy it.

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So your very personal data is out there, and people are using it to do something called psychological targeting. And this should be a concern to you and everyone else, as you're about to hear. From Sandra Matz, she is a professor at Columbia Business School and has an excellent TED Talk about psychological targeting.

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She is author of a book called Mind Masters, the data-driven science of predicting and changing human behavior. Hi, Sandra. Thank you for coming on and talking about this.

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So first, I guess we must define psychological targeting and what it is so we know what we're all talking about here. So help me understand it as briefly and as simply as possible.

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And so can you give me like a real world example of how this works?

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So you're saying that instead of just gathering that data that points to a problem like kids suffering from depression, rather than sell those names to those contacts to advertisers, the other thing you could do with that data is to help those people.

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So when I think of psychological targeting, I don't know all that much about it, but I think of more of things like if I'm searching online for a ski jacket, all of a sudden I'm going to see lots of ads for ski jackets and that that's psychological targeting.

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So my example is psychological. I mean, if I'm looking for a ski jacket, you can use that information to send me ads for ski jackets. I'm being psychologically targeted.

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And what happens to that data? I mean, who's doing this and how are they storing it and where is it going and who gets access to it?

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But what kind of data is it? I mean, is it a profile? Is it a report that, you know, Mike Carruthers likes ski jackets, but he also is a funny guy? I mean, what does it say?

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And so since you study this, is this a good thing or a bad thing?

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Today on Something You Should Know, how many calories do you burn just eating the food you eat? Then you're being targeted based on the data collected about you. And there is a lot of data collected about you.

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You had said that, I think you had said a moment ago, that the average person generates how much data in a day or an hour?

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Well, how am I doing that? I don't feel that busy. I don't feel like I'm generating all that data. How am I doing that?

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Why Your Memory is Perfectly Imperfect & How to Love Better

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When I think, and I think when most people remember their childhood or remember the past, they tend to remember it fondly, that they remember the good times. And yet when we look in the future, we tend to worry about it. We worry about the bad that might happen in the future, but the past we think of fondly. Is that, you think, a fair statement?

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Why are things we buy priced so strangely? Why is it $19.99 and not $20? Why is gas $3.259 per gallon? Well, let's talk about that. Hi, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. We all know that $59.99 is closer to $60 than it is to $50, right? Or do we? Economist Tim Hartford describes something called the left digit effect.

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So we've up till now been talking about memory as something really to observe and to notice and to look at, but not something that we control. Do we control it? Can we make it better? Can we do things to manipulate our memory or to remember things better? Or is it just something to observe?

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I wonder if ever a memory researcher has asked a group of people, is there something about your memory that seems really unusual to you if people have something? Like I can remember every phone number I've ever had since the time I was five years old. And I'm not a numbers guy. I'm not a math guy.

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That's the theory that consumers, we can't be bothered to read the whole price. We just see the five at the front of $59.99 and we think more like $50 than $60. Which is exactly why retail stores price things this way. But it gets more interesting. Two professors of marketing conducted five experiments and found that different prices are evaluated in different ways.

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I don't work with numbers and I don't remember other numbers, but I can remember every phone number I've ever had. And I don't know why.

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Yeah. Well, it is your life. I mean, your whole life is a memory. I mean, and how you choose to remember it.

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Well, it's kind of refreshing to hear because you know how people complain about their memory and they don't remember. And as you've been pointing out for the last 20 minutes, that's okay. You're not supposed to remember everything. And not remembering everything is perhaps a much better way to go. Jillian Murphy has been my guest.

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She is an associate professor in the School of Applied Psychology at University College Cork. And she's author of a book called Memory Lane, The Perfectly Imperfect Ways We Remember. And you can find a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Jillian, thank you for coming on and talking about this.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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For instance, consumers are more inclined to buy luxury or recreational products if they have rounded prices. So, for example, consumers prefer a $40 bottle of champagne rather than a bottle priced at... $39.72. However, for purchases that are more utilitarian, like, say, a calculator, participants were more likely to buy at the higher non-rounded price, like $29.99, instead of $30.

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When you think about your relationships, whether with a lover, a friend, a relative, whoever, would you say that you love well, that you are good at the art and practice of loving? Or perhaps you tend to hold on to things. You hold grudges. Maybe you can't let things go. How can all of us be better at our relationships? By loving better. Here to discuss this is Young Pueblo.

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He's been featured on Good Morning America, The Today Show, CBS Mornings, and a lot of other media outlets. He is a mediator and best-selling author. His latest book is called How to Love Better, The Path to Deeper Connection Through Growth, Kindness, and Compassion. Hi, Young. Welcome. Glad to have you on Something You Should Know. Hey, Mike. Thank you so much for having me on.

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So explain what you mean by loving better. Better than what? What does that look like to love better? What does it feel like? What is loving better?

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Do you understand the value of letting go? People would say yes, that yeah, there's no point in holding on to things. It isn't that they don't believe that it would be helpful. They just don't know how to do it. How do you not hold on to something that you've been holding on to because your tendency is to hold on to things?

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So I think, you know, certainly in any relationship, whether it's a love relationship or, you know, family or whatever, that when there are arguments, when there are fights, things get said and things happen that are hard to take back and that many of us anyway don't fight well, that we don't understand things.

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What we're really doing, we just kind of want to make our point and have everybody agree. But so seldom does everyone agree.

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In another experiment, participants were told that a camera had been purchased for leisure, like a family vacation, or other participants were told it was for a class project. And the participants preferred rounded prices if the camera was for a vacation and non-rounded prices if it was for a class project. And that is something you should know.

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And when you figured that out, was it a moment where you went, oh, I get it? Or was this... Because no one would disagree with being able to hear the other person and understand and put your... Nobody disagrees with that. It's just so hard to see it in the moment.

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Today on Something You Should Know, why are things priced at $19.99 instead of $20? Then, human memory. Your memory is inaccurate a lot of the time.

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What a great idea. I mean, I'm going to do that. I mean, that's such a simple thing to do to just check in in the morning and see how each other feels. And then because you don't know. And so you start making assumptions that based on absolutely nothing that could set off all kinds of problems. It's so unnecessary. Yeah.

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Talk about impermanence because I think that's an important part of your message here.

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A topic of never-ending fascination for me is memory. Because who you are, what you think of yourself, how you relate to others, all these things are the result of memories. Without memories, who would you be? And yet our memory system is severely flawed. We don't remember things the way we like to think we do. Not even close.

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What do you do, though, or what do you recommend people do, though? Because this must happen even to you, who works at this, clearly has a plan, where you just disagree. You just disagree that you want this and she wants that. And it isn't like we're working on it together. We're in opposite ends of the spectrum here. Now what?

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How do you decide who wants it more?

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So you talk to people about this a lot. And I'm wondering, like, what do people say to you? Yes, but... And then here's my problem. Here's the big thing and something that perhaps you hear over and over again that people get stuck on.

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And that has ramifications for all of us, which you're about to discover from my guest, Jillian Murphy. Jillian is an associate professor in the School of Applied Psychology at University College Cork, and she is co-author of a book called Memory Lane, The Perfectly Imperfect Ways We Remember. Hi, Jillian. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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Really, the biggest question you get is, should I break up with my boyfriend?

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Yeah, I would think you'd say, if you're asking me, probably so. Yeah, I would think so. If it's gotten to the point where you're asking me, yeah, I'd break up.

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Well, you said the question you used to get was, you know, how do I let go? Which, you know, I think we did talk about it before, but that is so key because it is so, I think, so hard in a relationship to truly let go as opposed to, yeah, I'll let this slide, but I'm really marking on the scorecard here that, you know, one for me.

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And to accept what is, is to do what? Is to just say, well, that's the way it is, and breathe it and eat it and sleep it and just move on? Or, I mean, what is it to accept what is?

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So I imagine we should probably start by talking about what memory is and all that, but I'm going to jump over that. We'll come back to that later because there's something I've always wanted to know about And I think most people want to know is, you know how some people are labeled as, oh, he has such a great memory. What is that? Why do some people have great memories?

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Well, within this conversation, I think everyone listening has heard themselves in here somewhere and gotten some ideas on how to do love better. Young Pueblo has been my guest. He has been featured on Good Morning America, The Today Show, CBS Mornings, and other media outlets. And his latest book is called How to Love Better, The Path to Deeper Connection Through Growth, Kindness, and Compassion.

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And you'll find a link to his book in the show notes. Young Pueblo, thank you. Thank you for being here.

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So if you or your kids have allergies or eczema, it could be your dishwasher's fault. Here's the theory. Dishes washed in a dishwasher are sanitized. Dishes washed by hand are less effective in reducing bacteria. So children in homes without a dishwasher are exposed to more microbes.

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This plays into the idea that growing up in a squeaky clean environment can increase the risk of autoimmune conditions like allergies because the immune system doesn't have anything to do. Exposing your children to many different types of bacteria is what keeps the immune system working properly. And a survey of parents of over 1,000 children between the ages of 7 and 8 support this theory.

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The risk of developing an allergy was further reduced If a child ate fermented foods like sauerkraut or produce that had been bought directly from a farm, fermentation of food is a bacterial process, and food from a farm is likely going to have more bacteria than processed food. And that is something you should know. A successful podcast can only succeed if listeners help spread the word.

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So we need you to tell other people about something you should know and get them to listen and help us grow our audience. It's the best way to support this podcast. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

Something You Should Know

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The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

Something You Should Know

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2824.388

which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

Why Your Memory is Perfectly Imperfect & How to Love Better

2847.759

Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Or is that just they remember some things really well? Or do some people really have great memories?

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Also, how can your dishwasher cause allergies? And how to navigate the hard times in life and in love so you can learn to love better.

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Yeah, that's what I'm talking about is that because, you know, I've gone to like reunions and stuff and people say, you remember that time when we did the thing? And then a couple of years before that you did that. And I don't have. And then when they say it, it starts to it starts to trigger something where I go, oh, yeah, actually, I do. But they remember the details.

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Like you said, they remember the shoes and the thing. And I wonder, how do you hold on to that?

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So let's get back to a more realistic fundamental question, and that is, what happens when I recall, when I remember an event, when I remember a conversation, when I remember something, what's going on there? What is happening that makes me remember what I remember, whether it's true or not?

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Yeah, it feels like I mentally thumb through and find the file of that memory and I pull it up and go, oh, yeah, so we went to that. We went in theater number seven and I got popcorn and blah, blah, blah. Yeah, that's what it is.

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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I remember hearing, of course, it's my memory that remembers this. But I remember hearing somebody say, and that this is why memories distort, is that when you remember something, You're remembering the last time you remembered it, rather than the actual event. You're remembering the remembering, and over time, the remembering of the remembering distorts.

Something You Should Know

Why Your Memory is Perfectly Imperfect & How to Love Better

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Yeah, I had an experience not long ago that many years ago when I was in college, my roommate made this appetizer, this dip. And it was so good that I've made it and I've given the recipe to people and I make it all the time. And I'm very true to the original recipe. He came over once, years later, and brought the dip that he said was the original recipe. It was nothing like the original recipe.

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Why Your Memory is Perfectly Imperfect & How to Love Better

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And he told me I was wrong, and I told him he was wrong. And I know I'm right, but I think he knows he's right.

Something You Should Know

Why Your Memory is Perfectly Imperfect & How to Love Better

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We're talking about how memory does and doesn't work. And my guest is Gillian Murphy, author of the book, memory lane, the perfectly imperfect ways we remember.

Something You Should Know

Why Your Memory is Perfectly Imperfect & How to Love Better

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So, Jillian, when we look back at our own lives, and theoretically we would be the best witness of our own lives, do we remember it pretty accurately or do we remember it in a more adaptive way, a way that serves us?

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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So Adam, one of the questions that I've always had is, Why is fast food typically unhealthy? It's deep fried, it's high fat, it's white flour, and that there hasn't ever been a healthy, I guess some regional ones, but there haven't been any real breakout healthy fast food places.

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And I can imagine the argument is, well, you know, we serve what people want, but do they want it because that's what you serve, right?

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

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Well, it is interesting. You're right. When you think about people who like salad, they don't go, hey, I got an idea. Let's go to McDonald's and get a salad.

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Something some fast food restaurants do that I want you to comment on is like Taco Bell. They have nacho fries, right? but then they don't have nacho fries. And McDonald's has the McRib, but most of the time it doesn't have the McRib. And I know that people get really upset about that. I like nacho fries at Taco Bell, and it's always a disappointment when you pull in and they don't have them then.

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What is that? Is that just to create buzz, create controversy, get people upset?

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If you have a car, it has a color, and we're going to start today talking about the color of your car. Hi there, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. The most popular car color is white, and there are a lot of good reasons for that. White cars stay a bit cooler in hot temperatures, and white cars require less care to stay looking good.

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What else about the fast food business do you think people would be fascinated by?

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I mean, what was the statistic you gave? More people eat at fast food restaurants in a year than use the internet. So it's something we all relate to, and I find it interesting to hear the stories and the history behind the whole business. I've been speaking with Adam Chandler, and the name of his book is Drive Through Dreams, A Journey Through the Heart of America's Fast Food Kingdom.

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Actually, Adam has a new book out that we're going to have him back on to talk about called 99% Perspiration, A New Working History of the American Way of Life, which is really interesting. And we'll have him back on to talk about that pretty soon. Adam, thank you. Appreciate you spending the time with us. Thank you so much. I really appreciate it.

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But there are some other interesting facts about car colors. If you want your car to not be stolen, a very bright color such as yellow is probably as effective as an expensive security device. Unusual colors like orange, brown, green, even red cars are also less likely to be stolen. Why?

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What does success mean to you? Often, we think of success as being about the outward appearances. The awards, the money, the nice car, the good grade on a final exam, job title, plaque on a wall. All of those things may be fine. But perhaps a broader, more interesting view of success could help us all. And here to explore that is Steve Magnus. He is an expert on personal performance.

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He wrote a book called Do Hard Things, which he was here talking about in a previous episode. He has written for The Atlantic, Runner's World, and Sports Illustrated, and he's been featured in The New Yorker, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Times, amongst others. His new book is called Win the Inside Game, How to Move from Surviving to Thriving and Free Yourself Up to Perform.

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Hey Steve, welcome back. Thanks so much for having me. Really excited. So let's start right out of the box here with an example of how you look at success differently.

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And is it your sense that most people are that way, that most people are very narrowly focused like that?

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Well, because thieves want to steal a popular color because it makes it easier to unload the car after they steal it. Some drivers believe that bright or light-colored cars are safer because they're easier to see. That may be true, but it doesn't make much difference at night, and there is actually very little research on that subject.

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If you've always done that, though, if that's kind of your inclination, how do you start to move away from that? How do you start to do what you're talking about?

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So can you give me like a specific example of that? I, you explained it well, but, but just like, so to shift the goal from, you know, result oriented to the process.

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One Australian study said a white car is maybe a little less likely to get into a crash during the day than other colors. It is an urban myth that red cars cost more to insure. According to the Insurance Information Institute, car color is not a factor in determining rates.

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Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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If you do like an unusual car color, remember that that affects the resale value because the number of people with your similar unusual taste may be limited. And that is something you should know. America has a love affair with fast food.

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And while one can argue the health consequences of that love affair, today we're going to look at fast food from a more fun and historical point of view and look at why fast food is such a dominant part of American culture. An expert on this subject is Adam Chandler. He's a journalist whose work has appeared in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, and Wired.

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And he has written a book called Drive Through Dreams, A Journey Through the Heart of America's Fast Food Kingdom. Hi, Adam. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks for having me, Mike. I'm happy to be here. So it's probably difficult to be really precise about when fast food began because it really depends on your definition of fast food. But people have a sense of what fast food is.

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Well, it's a very different and eye-opening way to look at success that I find illuminating, and I'm sure everyone else does too. I've been speaking with Steve Magnus, and the name of his book is Win the Inside Game, How to Move from Surviving to Thriving and Free Yourself Up to Perform. And there's a link to his book in the show notes. Steve, as always, great, great to have you on. Thanks.

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Today on Something You Should Know, things you've probably never considered about the color of your car. Then the fascinating story of fast food and things about it you never knew.

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While dogs are the most popular pets in the U.S., cats aren't far behind. There are 80 million dogs and about 74 million pet cats. Here are some things about cats you may not know. Cats sleep about 70% of their lives. Adult cats meow only to communicate with humans, not with other cats. Male cats are typically left-handed or left pawed. Female cats are generally right pawed.

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It's restaurants like McDonald's and Burger King and, you know, fast food restaurants. And so when did that start? concept, in your view as a historian of this, when did that concept start?

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Cats are not able to taste sweetness in anything they eat. A typical house cat can jump five feet high, which is about seven times its own height. There's research that shows owning a cat can reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack by a third. And every cat's nose has a unique ridge pattern. It's much like a human fingerprint. And that is something you should know.

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One very excellent way for you to show your support of this podcast is to leave us a five-star rating and review wherever you listen. Apple Podcasts, Spotify, CastBox. While I don't really understand exactly how it works, your reviews factor into some kind of formula that really helps boost the show and make it more visible to other people. Plus, I like to read them.

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Please take a moment and leave us a rating and review. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience.

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Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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Also, some facts about cats that will surprise you and the fascinating characteristics of highly successful people.

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Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

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He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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Well, that brings up a good question. When you look at pictures of city streets in Europe and Asia, you see in and amongst the local businesses, you'll see the McDonald's and the Kentucky Fried Chicken. So is fast food as big a thing elsewhere, or is it, as I sense it is, a much bigger deal here than anywhere else?

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And yet I think most people think of fast food as being something that started maybe in the 50s or so. So it seemed like there wasn't a lot of progress between the early 20th century and the 50s and 60s. There was White Castle, but there was no other McDonald's or Jack in the Box or nothing.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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All this today on Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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I would imagine most people think that McDonald's is certainly a major player in the development of fast food. They seem like like they're in the hall of fame of fast food, that something about McDonald's really jump-started the business. Is that a fair assumption?

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Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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one of the things that i think of when i think of fast food and it's it's there's a scene in the movie the michael keaton movie about mcdonald's i forget the name of the movie sure the founder yeah where he goes into the McDonald's for the first time and he orders and they hand him his food.

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And he said, well, wait a minute, that it was pre-prepared and that that was the definition of fast or part of the definition of fast food, that you didn't come in, order it and then hang around and wait a while. They just handed you a bag because there were 50 hamburgers behind them and they just threw them in the bag and said, here you go.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. Which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

848.399

Well, it's still even, you know, like when you go to the drive-thru at McDonald's and there's some snafu and they make you go park in that other parking space, like sending you to the corner because you have to now wait for your food because there are people behind you and we've got to keep the line moving and... And people hate that. They're like, but I want my food now.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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I don't want to go park over there and wait. And how long do you wait? Like a minute? But it's the expectation that I want it now.

Something You Should Know

Why We Love Fast Food & What Will Make You Successful

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So fast food has a reputation about its healthiness that I want to ask you about. I'm speaking with Adam Chandler. He's author of the book Drive Through Dreams, A Journey Through the Heart of America's Fast Food Kingdom.

Something You Should Know

Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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Because the brain can only do one thing at a time.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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uh add up they cost something they're not free let's talk about managing acute stress i know you have some techniques that can help and you know who doesn't face that from time to time where you're really under the gun and some some help would be great

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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What about getting motivated? Because that's something I think everybody struggles with. You know, I don't really want to do this. I just don't have it in me. And eventually maybe you get it done, but maybe not well. And what about that?

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See, I would never think to do that because I would feel guilty like I'm, you know, I'm not doing what I'm supposed to be doing. I'm off listening to music and that's kind of like pleasure and recess. So shouldn't do that.

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So how in the world could the clothes you wear make you measurably smarter, stronger, and give you better posture? Well, you're about to find out as we begin this episode of Something You Should Know. Hi and welcome. So if you want to be smarter... you wear a white coat. You just have to make sure it's the right kind of white coat.

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One thing I think a lot of people struggle with is remembering names when you first meet someone. Somehow the name just evaporates. I don't know why. I have that problem. And you have a way to help prevent that, so I'd like you to talk about that.

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Well, what's great about a podcast is they stay up for a long time, and this episode will stay up for a long time, and people can come back and re-listen to these techniques you've given, and on Apple Podcasts, read the transcript as well. So this will be very helpful for a lot of people. Therese Houston has been my guest.

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She's a cognitive scientist at Seattle University and author of the book, Sharp, 14 Simple Ways to Improve Your Life with Brain Science. There's a link to her book at Amazon in the show notes. Therese, thank you for being here.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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Whether you own a dog or not, you certainly see them everywhere, you likely interact with them to some extent, and you notice how different they are. Some are very well behaved, some seem out of control, and a lot of them are somewhere in the middle. Some dogs are mellow, others are hyper. Dogs come in a wide variety of temperaments and intelligence.

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In an experiment, volunteers were given an intelligence test while wearing a white lab jacket. The group who believed the jacket belonged to one of the doctors scored higher than the other group who were told that the jacket was a painter's smock. The study had some other interesting results. Women wearing a white blouse looked and felt more innocent. Men in black t-shirts were a little stronger.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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And since we are around dogs so much, how can we best get along with them and train them? Here to discuss that is Annie Grossman. She's a journalist turned animal trainer who has written about dogs for the New York Times and the Boston Globe and other publications. She runs the School for Dogs, which is an acclaimed training facility and retail store in New York City.

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She's host of a podcast called How to Train Your Dog with Love and Science. And she is author of a book with that same name, How to Train Your Dog with Love and Science. Hi, Annie. Thank you for coming on Something You Should Know. Thank you so much for having me. So I guess I'd first like to know, what's your philosophy about dog behavior and training dogs, getting them to do what you want to do?

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Where do you come in on this topic?

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So what do you mean by managing or manipulating the environment?

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So what do you do then? If your dog is one of those dogs that jumps on everybody who comes over and you're having a party, what do you do? Do you put the dog in another room? What is it you do to manipulate the environment?

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People had more energy when wearing bright colored clothing. And those who wore formal attire had better posture, grammar, and more poise. And that is something you should know. Some days just go better than other days. On some days you're on top of the world. Everything goes well. It's a great day. Other days, you struggle. Things don't go your way. The motivation's not there. You make mistakes.

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It doesn't really address, though, the issue of, or maybe it's not important to, of why the dog is jumping on everybody when they come over.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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I would suspect one of the most common problems people have with dogs is barking, incessant barking. The dog barks at everything, at everybody. Anyone comes to the door, the doorbell rings, a car goes by. Bark, bark, bark, and people don't know what to do.

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If only there was a way to smooth things out, to make the day go better, go more your way. Well, there are some things actually, proven techniques to help you in the moment so you have a better day and better outcomes throughout the day. Here to explain what they are and how to use them is Therese Houston. She is a cognitive scientist at Seattle University.

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She was the founding director of the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at Seattle University. And she is author of a book called Sharp, 14 Simple Ways to Improve Your Life with Brain Science. Hi, Therese. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So you have an interesting message because, you know, I have good days and bad days. I think most people do where, you know, you're just on your game. Things are going great. Other days, just kind of struggles to get through the day. So what's your message here?

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Well, this is great because I think when you have a dog, you see the world through your human lens. And you sort of think the dog does too, but the dog has a whole different perspective on the world and what motivates and doesn't motivate them. And it's really good to dive into this. Annie Grossman has been my guest.

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She is a journalist, an animal trainer, and she is author of a book called How to Train Your Dog with Love and Science. She's also a host of the podcast How to Train Your Dog with Love and Science. And there's a link to both the book and the podcast in the show notes. Thank you, Annie. Thanks for explaining all this.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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Bad breath is something I think we all worry about from time to time. And there are some things about it worth knowing. First of all, there is a myth that bad breath originates in the stomach. But actually, there isn't really any constant airflow between your stomach and your mouth. Bad breath is pretty much all in your mouth.

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A stuffy nose can cause bad breath because when a cold prevents you from breathing through your nose, you're forced to inhale and exhale through your mouth. which dries out the tissues and reduces the flow of saliva, and that's the mouth's built-in cleanser. The less saliva, the more bacteria, the more odor. Mouthwash containing alcohol is a problem.

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It promises to kill 100% of the germs in your mouth, but what they don't tell you is those germs repopulate in less than an hour, causing rebound bad breath. Some alcohol-free mouth rinses can be beneficial, and the results last longer. Eating cheese or other dairy products can help neutralize acidity and cut down on bad breath.

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And the side effects of many drugs like anti-anxiety drugs, antidepressants, even allergy medications can produce dry mouth and hence bad breath. And that is something you should know. So do me a favor right now, right here, while we're at the end of this episode. On whatever app you're listening on, there's going to be a share button on there.

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And just hit that share button and send this episode to someone you know that you think would enjoy it as much as you did. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Well, that's a great idea because how many of us have had days that just didn't go so well, didn't turn out too well, even with the best of intentions. But maybe you have to be more than just intentional. Maybe you have some things you can do that will help you have a better day.

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Today on Something You Should Know, how the clothes you wear can change who you are in a big way. Then, how to have a great day every day.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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So dive in and pick one that gives people a sense of what you're talking about, and let's do that one.

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I guess more relaxed. I mean, I took my mind off of what we were doing and got my head into that, and it just kind of slowed everything down because I was working on breathing rather than anything else. Yeah, it feels good.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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Well, that was pretty simple and fun and easy. Let's let's do another one.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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Also, some facts and myths about bad breath to help keep you minty fresh. And understanding dog behavior and how we sometimes unknowingly reinforce the bad behavior.

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Proven Techniques for A Great Day Everyday & The Mysteries of Dog Behavior

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Oh, that's cool. Well, I want to try that later. That's an interesting, I had never heard of that before. So that's great. It is.

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Well, that's good to know. I wouldn't want to find that out the hard way. Well, I want to get to more of your proven techniques to help people have a better day. I'm speaking with Therese Houston. She is a cognitive scientist at Seattle University and author of the book, Sharp, 14 Simple Ways to Improve Your Life with Brain Science.

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So, Therese, I know you talk a lot about multitasking, and I know there are people who believe they're very good at it. And then I've also heard that it's not really a thing, that it's a myth, that multitasking is really switching back and forth between two or more things, but not really doing multiple things at the same time. So what's your take on that?

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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One, two, three, four, five, six, seven.

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Yeah, it is. But it is misleading because I do feel like I'm just doing one thing. I'm doing that task.

Something You Should Know

Cool Things You Can Do With AI & Surprising Insight in Chance, Probability & Risk

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Today on Something You Should Know, there's a common word you use that actually means the opposite of what you think it does. Then, you'll hear a lot of cool uses for artificial intelligence that will make your life so much better.

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Cool Things You Can Do With AI & Surprising Insight in Chance, Probability & Risk

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And how do we know when, how accurate are these things? Like, when you ask it a question, how confident should you be that the answer you got back, assuming it's a factually based answer, is correct?

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Cool Things You Can Do With AI & Surprising Insight in Chance, Probability & Risk

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I have noticed improved muscle strength and endurance. MitoPure works by promoting an essential cellular cleanup process. It clears out dysfunctional mitochondria. And it's the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline.

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If I Google, if I just search in a search engine, the best baked lasagna recipe there is, I'll get back results of 10 million lasagna recipes, none of which may or may not be the best. If I ask AI to give me the best, does it somehow put in a judgment that this one or these four are the best, or will I just get 10 million baked lasagna recipes?

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One of the first things that struck me and that I noticed that makes it so different an experience than dealing with a search engine is if you ask for a baked lasagna recipe, you get one. Because you asked for one. So why not ask for 10 if you really want to sort through them?

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But it takes you very literally, whereas a search engine will give you as many baked lasagna recipes as it can find, seemingly. but AI gives you exactly what you asked for. You asked for one, here's one.

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So, look, I invite you to join me and awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. And I'd love to hear about your results. Timeline, that's the company behind MitoPure. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of MitoPure. Go to Timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E.

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So tell me something that you've done with AI that that I wouldn't have thought to do that was really, really cool.

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What I have found so interesting about it is, A, it is so easy to use, and the more you use it, the more you want to use it, and the more you want to use it, the more things you find it can do. It's just remarkable.

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I remember you said in the book something about some of them may tell you it can't do something and you can correct them and say, no, you do have that ability.

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How are these things and at what rate are these things like ChatGPT and the other ones getting better?

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Well, I love how you make this so easy and so accessible because, you know, I mean, AI at first glance might seem a bit intimidating and overwhelming, but you make it so not that. So thanks. Celia Quillen has been my guest.

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She's an expert in artificial intelligence, and she is author of the book, AI for Life, 100 plus ways to use artificial intelligence to make your life easier, more productive, and more fun. There's a link to her book in the show notes. Well done, Celia. Thanks.

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A while back, we had Ramit Sethi on as a guest, and he's one of the smartest people you'll ever know when it comes to everyday money matters. And he was here talking about money and couples. As it turns out, he has his own podcast called Money for Couples, which if you're part of a couple, then I highly recommend you listen to this podcast.

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Because when you do, instead of fighting about money, you and your partner will discover how to start building a rich life together. Money for Couples is a podcast full of real-life, actionable advice like how to pay off your debt and still enjoy your life, how to build a shared financial vision, how to spend extravagantly on what you love and cut back on what you don't.

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And you'll learn from real-world stories of couples facing the same money challenges as you. All of the episodes are helpful, but if I had to pick one or two, there's one called, We Make $300,000 a Year But Spend Like We Make a Million. That's a situation I think a lot of people can relate to. And another is called, We've Saved for Retirement But Have No Money to Spend Now.

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Money for Couples is the name of the podcast, hosted by Ramit Sethi, and all you have to do is search for Money for Couples wherever you listen to your favorite podcasts. Uncertainty is a constant we live with every moment. We never know what's going to happen. And sometimes that's fine. We don't always want to know what's coming. But not knowing can also be problematic.

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I mean, some things we would really prefer to know before they happen. Nevertheless, we live with uncertainty. And joining me to help make sense out of all the uncertainty that lies before you is David Spiegelhalter. He is Emeritus Professor of Statistics at the University of Cambridge and author of the book, The Art of Uncertainty, How to Navigate Chance, Ignorance, Risk, and Luck. Hey, David.

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So there is a word in the English language, a fairly common word, that actually means the opposite of what you think it means. Hi, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. When you hear the word overdrive, you think you know what it means. When you hear the phrase like kick it into overdrive, most people think it means something along the lines of warp speed or maximum power.

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Thanks for being a guest on Something You Should Know. It's a great pleasure to be here. So uncertainty is just part of life. It's there. There it is. So why do you study it?

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And so why doesn't the conversation end there? Some things are uncertain. You'll never know until you know. And have a nice day. That's it.

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Somewhere in this discussion has to come human nature because numbers don't tell you everything. For example, it is much safer to fly than it is to drive in a car. But a lot of people don't live that. They know it intellectually, but flying scares them to death. And so the probabilities don't mean much because they ignore them.

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And it means just the opposite. It's an automotive term that refers to a gear ratio higher than one to one. So after a certain speed is reached, that speed can be maintained with a minimum of engine effort and wear. So, in your car, overdrive gives you a more relaxed, efficient ride.

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Talk about luck, because luck seems to throw a monkey wrench into everything. People say, you're really stupid to play the lottery. Your chances of winning are just so ridiculous. Well, tell that to the guy that won $300 million. It turned out to be a pretty good deal.

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What about coincidences? Are they a thing or it's just that's just there's just so many things going on that there's bound to be?

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The reverse definition has become so ingrained in people's mind that it is now an acceptable definition according to most dictionaries. And then there was the movie Maximum Overdrive, which helped continue the word's misuse. But technically, when you say, punch that baby into overdrive, what you're really saying is punch that baby into a leisurely cruising mode.

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What are some other things like that? Like what you just said about if you had 20 people in a room and they the last two digits of their phone number, things like that, those kind of probabilities in everyday life that people probably have no idea are true.

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Wait a minute. You're saying that if you shuffle a deck of cards, the number of the different number of orders that you could come up with is a number with 78 zeros.

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You know, what that reminds me of is when people say, There are no two snowflakes alike. Well, how would you ever know that?

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What about the phenomenon? It often happens in weather and whatnot. It's called the perfect storm where multiple things come together to create total havoc.

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It sounds a lot less cool now that you know what it means. And that is something you should know. I will admit that I haven't dipped my toe too deep into the artificial intelligence waters. I've played around with ChatGPT and I've read a few articles and we've had guests on here talk about what AI is. But when I saw this book written by my next guest, I don't know, something clicked.

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So what do we do with all of this? I mean, knowing what you know, on a day-to-day basis, how does this fit into your life that you do that I don't do because you know what you know?

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Do you sense people are overly worried about risk or do we have it kind of right?

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I realized I wasn't really understanding all of what AI could do for me in my life. And maybe more importantly, how to use it in a way that it really gives me what I want and uses more of its potential. As you listen for the next several minutes, I think you'll really start to understand some of the very cool things AI can do to make your life better and how easy it is to navigate.

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Yeah. Well, you know, it's funny because I think of myself as a fairly cautious person, but I also know, as I look back on my life, things have a way of working out for the most part. I mean, I have not been the victim of any huge disaster. And, you know, we just had the fires here in California. We have friends that lost their home, but they'll be okay. I mean, it will eventually...

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There will be a path to recovery and things work out.

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I still can't believe that thing about shuffling cards. I mean, that is just unbelievable. But it's all about this discussion of certainty and uncertainty. David Spiegelhalter has been my guest. He is Emeritus Professor of Statistics at the University of Cambridge and author of the book, The Art of Uncertainty, How to Navigate Chance, Ignorance, Risk, and Luck.

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And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes. David, thanks. Thanks for sharing. Thanks very much. You would think there is one place where you would be safe from all the troubles in the world, and that would be in the shower. Yet there are hazards lurking in your shower. For example, did you know showering in a thunderstorm is dangerous?

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It's actually dangerous to be near any plumbing or wiring inside your house when there are thunderstorms going on outside. This is according to the Lightning Injury Research Program at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Lightning can hit a power line or the ground and then come right up through your water pipes. Using an old showerhead can be trouble.

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A lot of showerheads contain potentially dangerous bacteria, according to a study from the University of Colorado at Boulder. That's because they're full of these little nooks and crannies that provide an ideal home for microbes. It's better to use a rain-type showerhead or take the showerhead off altogether and go with a single stream of water. I don't think I'm going to do that.

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Using a dirty loofah or washcloth or brush. They may be good for exfoliating the skin, but those things are loaded with germs unless you wash them regularly. You should soak them once a week in a diluted vinegar soak or run them through the dishwasher. And not having a bath mat is asking for trouble.

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According to a report from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 230,000 accidental injuries occur in the bathroom or shower in one year, and almost 20% of those injuries are due to slipping and falling. So it is best to have those non-slip strips or a non-slip bath mat in your tub. And that is something you should know. You know, podcasting is a very competitive business.

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My guest is Celia Quillen. She is an expert in artificial intelligence and has been featured in Time, the New York Post, the Wall Street Journal, and on the Today Show. She's the creator of the popular TikTok and Instagram channel at SmartWorkAI. And she's author of the book AI for Life, 100-plus ways to use artificial intelligence to make your life easier, more productive, and more fun.

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We're always competing for new listeners, and one of the best ways to get them is for you to recommend this podcast to people you know. It really helps us, and then they become listeners, and hopefully they'll tell people, and our audience continues to grow. So please share this podcast with people you know, and it's a great way to show your support. I'm Mike Kerr Brothers.

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Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Also, we need to talk about your shower and the fascinating world of risk, chance, and probability.

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Hi, Celia. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So I have a sense, because this is what I thought for a long time, I have this sense that people think of AI as kind of a really fancy search engine. Like you go to ChatGPT, you type in something, and you get results back, much like you would do with Google, even though, as you're about to explain, it isn't really a search engine. But don't you think that's what a lot of people think it is?

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yeah see that's what i thought and i've you know i've done that i've typed in things and gotten answers but then i looked in your book and thought and saw that you can do so much more and so what much more can you do if you could give me like a little shopping list of things that ai can do that people may not realize i don't want to go deep i just want to go wide

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One of the things that's so amazing to me about it that I discovered after reading your book is that It isn't just that you ask it to do something and it does it and that's it. You can refine and say, no, that's not what I was looking for. Or here's a document, read this and tell me, now tell me something that you didn't know before. I mean, it's so malleable. It's like clay.

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You can make it do almost anything.

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What is it doing when it's doing all these things? And I know that's a big question and I'm asking for a little answer, but but give it a shot.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Recently, I was asked to try a supplement called Mitopur and then talk about it here. And I said, well, let me check it out. So Mitopur is a precise dose of urolithin A. That's a metabolic compound that is clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And it's also found in small amounts in certain fruits and nuts.

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There are different AI tools. ChatGPT is the one that I think a lot of us, that comes to mind immediately as the one to go to, but there are others. What are the differences between them? Are they more or less interchangeable or not?

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If I were to ask an AI tool like ChatGPT, give me a snappier title for this or give me a, like, how does it know what snappier means or does it?

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Now, as I've talked about many times here, I work at staying fit and healthy. It's important to me. And when I researched some studies online and found urolithin A, which is what MitoPure is, is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance, and I saw that it was safe to take, I started taking it. And I've been taking it a while now, and I see a change.

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You and I are getting a great primer in artificial intelligence and how to use it to make your life better. My guest is Celia Quillen. She's author of the book AI for Life.

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So Celia, how do these AI tools like ChatGPT, how do they handle things like, if you were to ask it, come up with a clever way to say, how does it know what clever means and does it come up with something clever? I mean, does it make an attempt to be clever?

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling. On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use.

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Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash SYSK, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash SYSK to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash SYSK. So, doctor, people talk a lot about dolphins, that they're very smart, that they have human-like qualities. What, medically, what can we learn from dolphins?

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Well, that's a rather amazing statistic. And what I find even more amazing is that I've never heard of this before, that the shingles vaccine has that much effect on Alzheimer's disease. Why isn't this being screamed from the mountaintops?

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So you pick you pick an animal that maybe I wouldn't think of or people wouldn't think of or one that really kind of floored you when you when you did the research on this that would surprise me.

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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Well, one of the things that's different between most species and humans is our mental capacity. We have the ability to contemplate our own death. We worry about the future. We lament about the past. How does that play into this?

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What about the animals that are somewhat similar to us? Chimps, gorillas, what do we learn from them?

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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Well, doesn't it seem overall, though, that one of the reasons that we're having so many of the health problems that we have is we're living a lot longer than we did three, four, five hundred years ago. And the longer you live, the more things can go wrong.

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Well, I can't imagine anyone listening for the last 20 minutes who hasn't heard something rather remarkable that they never knew before about the medicine and science of human health. I appreciate you sharing that. My guest has been Dr. David Agus. He is a medical oncologist.

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And the name of his book, well, he's written several books, but the one that we've been talking about today is The Book of Animal Secrets. Nature's Lessons for a Long and Happy Life. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Doctor, thank you. Appreciate you being on today. Thank you so much. Talk to you soon. I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor.

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You know, when I think about all the times during my career that I wanted to ask for a raise and didn't because I figured the answer was going to be no. Boy, am I sorry I didn't ask. Hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. We start today with a survey that was conducted by a compensation research company called PayScale.

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Factor provides delicious, chef-made, gourmet meals right to your door. And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make. These are not frozen meals. These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good. I first had Factor Meals delivered to me, it's been a few years now, and everyone in the house has loved them.

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What's really special about Factor Meals is they're dietitian approved, and the variety is impressive. There are 40 options across 8 dietary preferences on the menu each week, and you can choose from preferences like Calorie Smart, Protein Plus, or Keto. What kind of meals are they? Well, I think you'd find these pretty tasty.

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Chicken Florentine with spinach and garlic chili cauliflower, Cajun spiced salmon and shrimp, garlic pork tenderloin. It's like a gourmet restaurant. And this is going to make it easy for you to try. Eat smart with Factor. Get started at factormeals.com slash something50off and use code something50off to get 50% off your first box, plus free shipping.

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That's code SOMETHING50OFF at factormeals.com slash SOMETHING50OFF to get 50% off plus free shipping on your first box. And I'll put that code in the show notes to make this simple. You know, we have had several experts on this podcast talk about the risks of being overweight. And the heavier you are and the longer you remain that way, the more substantial the risks.

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But losing weight on your own, well, that is so difficult and often unsuccessful. HERS is changing the weight loss game and making weight loss actually achievable. HERS offers a weight loss program with personalized solutions, including compounded GLP-1 weekly injections featuring the same active ingredient as Ozempic and Wegovy or oral medication kits, all at one low cost.

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Compounded products are not FDA approved or verified for safety, effectiveness, or quality. Prescription required. Restrictions apply. Wigovi and Ozempic are not compounded. Actual price depends on product and plan purchased. How many times have you heard the phrase, manage your emotions? And we've all seen people who are amazingly good at managing their emotions in difficult situations.

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And we've all seen people completely lose it. Like the guy who screams at the store clerk or gets in a road rage incident. Those would be examples of not managing your emotions very well. But certainly the ability, the skill to manage your emotions better is one we could probably all sharpen up a bit. Here to help is Ethan Cross. He is one of the world's leading experts on emotion regulation.

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And they found that 75% of workers who asked for a raise in their current field got one. The survey found that 44% of the workers who asked for a raise got the raise they wanted, and 31% got something even if it wasn't for the total amount they asked for. Only one in four workers who asked for a raise got nothing in return. The big lesson here is that you should ask.

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He's an award-winning professor at the University of Michigan. His work has been featured in the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, the New Yorker, and the New England Journal of Medicine. He's author of a book called Shift, Managing Your Emotions So They Don't Manage You. Hi, Ethan. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks for having me. It's a delight to be here.

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Maybe it's partly because everybody's got their phone camera going and there's cameras everywhere that we see more incidents of people not handling their emotions very well. And I don't know if the problem is getting worse or not. What is your sense? Where are we with the world's population managing their emotions?

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Today on Something You Should Know, what are the chances you'd get a raise just by asking? Higher than you think. Then, amazing medical discoveries we've learned from other animals and AI.

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Yeah, well, people, I think, don't think much about managing positive emotions. It's the negative ones that seem to get in the way. And your example just then of the anxiety of, having to give a presentation is a pretty common one, whether it's in school or at work or whatever. And so what do you do to manage it?

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Only 43% of the 31,000 workers that PayScale surveyed had even asked for a raise in their current field. And the lowest paid workers are often the least likely to ask for a raise. Generally speaking, the more money you make, the better the chance that you will get the raise. Still, it doesn't hurt to ask. You may be surprised by the answer. And that is something you should know.

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Well, isn't that what all of those things you just suggested do? They take you out of your head, overthinking about your presentation, and get you to focus on something else.

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Since emotions are such a big deal and such a big part of our life and drive a lot of our behavior and thinking, maybe we should describe or have you explain what emotions are.

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You are about to be amazed at what science is learning from other animal species that can help human health and longevity. Things like why elephants almost never get cancer, But humans get it a lot. Or how pigs cope with pain. There's a whole list of these things that I'm about to discuss with my guest, Dr. David Agus.

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Yeah. And you know, what I'd like to do now is get into some of your tools that you talk about to help people manage their emotions.

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He is a medical oncologist and one of the world's leading doctors and pioneering biomedical researchers. He's the founding CEO of the Ellison Medical Institute and a professor of medicine and engineering at the University of Southern California. He is author of The Book of Animal Secrets, Nature's Lessons for a Long and Happy Life. Hey doctor, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So let me ask you this, though. You had mentioned, you know, take a step back, get perspective. A lot of times, I think people get... pulled in by their emotions quickly in kind of a knee-jerk way. Road rage would be a good example of that. Those people don't seem like they're in a really good place to take a step back, get some perspective, because they're so angry.

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I want to spend just a few moments on positive emotions and you would use an example of what if you were feeling really good about something and you'd want to maybe keep that going for a while. Because I don't think people think you can do that, that positive emotions aren't really a problem and they come when they come and they feel great and then you move on.

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But talk a little bit more about that because I find that really interesting.

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Thank you so much. Excited to be here. So I get the fact that it's interesting and curious the way other animals deal with and somehow avoid certain illnesses and conditions. But besides the fact that it's interesting and curious and may be helpful to humans one day, why is this important for us to be talking about?

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Well, you've certainly put some intel and some strategy behind the idea of managing your emotions, and I really appreciate you sharing that. I've been speaking with Ethan Cross. He's one of the world's leading experts on emotion regulation, and he's author of a book called Shift, Managing Your Emotions So They Don't Manage You. And there's a link to that book in the show notes.

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Also, are you suffering from tech neck? It comes from looking down at your phone and proven ways to manage your emotions when they're starting to get out of hand.

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Ethan, great conversation. Thanks for coming on. All right. Thank you so much. I appreciate you having me on. There is a condition, it's a real condition, called tech neck. And it is the result of tilting your neck to look down at your phone or your tablet or your laptop when you text, read, or surf the web.

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Tilting your neck like that puts an unnecessary strain on your spine, according to research published in the National Library of Medicine. When you stand upright, the average head, your head, places about 10 to 12 pounds of force on the cervical spine. But with just a 15 degree tilt in your neck, that weight increases to 27 pounds, and a 60-degree tilt turns into 60 pounds.

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That extra spine stress can lead to early wear and tear on your spine and might even cause you to have to have surgery down the road. The other thing, and we've talked about this a million times before, is if you carry your phone around everywhere and put it down on all kinds of surfaces, it's getting covered in germs, which then transfers to your hand when you pick it up,

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And there on your hand is who knows what, which is just a reminder to keep your phone clean and wash your hands regularly. And that is something you should know. If you enjoyed this episode of Something You Should Know, it would be great if you would share that opinion. with a rating and review on whatever podcast app you listen on.

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Apple Podcasts, Spotify, they pretty much all have a very easy way to leave a rating and review. It only takes a minute and we'd appreciate it. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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And a really clear example that illustrates what you're talking about would be what?

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But how do you take what you just said about elephants and put it in people?

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Lessons on Health from the Animal Kingdom & How to Manage Your Emotions

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Going back to the elephant, if what you said is true, then why doesn't everybody take a statin like Lipitor every day?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming. And even still, there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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But does aspirin work, the daily low-dose aspirin?

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You mentioned dogs and I never knew that about sleeping, but I imagine there are other things we learn from dogs and since people have them in their home, I'd love to hear that.

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So let's pick an animal that people don't have much... connection with like a rhinoceros or something like that? What can we learn from him or her?

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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We're talking about what animals, other creatures, can teach us about the science and medicine of human health and longevity. And my guest is Dr. David Agus. He's author of the book, The Book of Animal Secrets, Nature's Lessons for a Long and Happy Life. I really love it when I find a great new podcast. And then, of course, I have to share that with everyone.

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And what I really want you to listen to is Curiosity Weekly. Curiosity Weekly from Discovery makes sense of some of the biggest questions and ideas shaping our world. It's all about new discoveries happening in science and tech. They have expert guests that make it all make sense. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

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What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff. Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work.

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And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify. Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going...

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What about something like pancreatic cancer, which is asymptomatic for a long time, and then it's too late? And so wouldn't it have been nice if we had been able to find this earlier? But that seems to be impossible, or close to impossible.

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What MitoPure is, is a precise dose of something called Urolithin A. I've read a lot about it. It's a natural compound. that's produced by gut bacteria. And MitoPure is this precise dose that encourages cellular renewal. MitoPure is the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And that's the thing.

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Well, you just use the term progressive cancer. The only way you can tell if something is progressing is to look at it at least two points in time. You can't look at something once and say it's progressing. You don't know.

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But you just use that, you know, the word frightening, but... When I hear, if I were to hear that I have cancer cells, if I have early stage cancer and I think it's just human nature, I don't want that. I want you to get rid of that. You're the doctor. Get rid of my early stage cancer so it doesn't, it's an emotional knee-jerk reaction, but it's certainly understandable.

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You would almost think, I mean, you could imagine one course of action might be, if a doctor knows that this isn't something to worry about yet, To stay quiet. But you can't do that as a doctor. You can't not tell people they have cancer.

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See, it works on the cellular level. And with regular use, you'll see and feel the difference in the form of improved energy levels, more endurance, And when you exercise, you'll recover faster. As you get older, you probably know that you lose muscle strength. So this is important. MitoPure is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance without a change in exercise.

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What about other medical conditions? It seems people go to the doctor for a lot of things that might just go away by themselves. I mean, muscle pain, for example. I mean, sometimes it really can be very painful, but it does seem like it eventually goes away and that it didn't need medical intervention. But if you go to the doctor, you want medical intervention.

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This is a part of medicine that I don't think people think much about, that sometimes having too much information is a problem and a lot of this we're just not that good at yet. I've been speaking with Dr. Suzanne O'Sullivan. She is a neurologist and author of the book, The Age of Diagnosis, How Our Obsession with Medical Labels is Making Us Sicker.

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And there's a link to her book at Amazon in the show notes. Dr. O'Sullivan, thank you for explaining all this, making it much clearer.

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So awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. I encourage you to read more about it on their website. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of Mito Pure. Go to timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E dot com slash something.

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It's hard to imagine a day going by when you don't talk to someone. I mean, that's what we humans do. We talk. Most of us talk all day long. And you probably don't think a whole lot about how you speak. Are you being effective in how and what you say? Do other people enjoy speaking with you?

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All these things are important because others are certainly making judgments about you based on how you speak. Here with some great advice on how to speak for maximum effectiveness is Michael Chad Hepner. He's coached presidential candidates, prominent CEOs, and Ivy League deans on their communication skills.

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He's author of a book called Don't Say Um, How to Communicate Effectively to Live a Better Life. Hi Michael, welcome to Something You Should Know. Thank you, it's great to be here.

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So I'm curious, since you talk to people about this all the time, do you think most people think of themselves as pretty good communicators, that they speak well, or do most people or do a lot of people think, I'm not very good at this, this is a real problem?

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And so what is the biggest problem, either the real problem or the perceived problem in the way people communicate?

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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Knowing this, what is it that people should be looking to do? Like when people present, have their big presentation that's coming up, are they preparing right and then just failing in the moment? Or would better preparation or different preparation have prevented the falling apart in the presentation?

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What do you think happens to the items you buy online or in the store? What happens to those items when you return them for whatever reason? Probably not what you think. Hi and welcome to this episode of Something You Should Know. If you've been shopping online for any length of time, you know that most online sellers make it pretty easy to return items that you don't want.

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They even pay for the return shipping sometimes. And you might think those items are just repackaged and resold to someone else. And that does happen sometimes. To be sure, Amazon, Target, and Walmart resell a portion of return products themselves. Amazon has Amazon Warehouse, a marketplace for used and refurbished products. Similarly, Walmart lists refurbished electronics on its website.

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and sometimes resells return products in its store's clearance section. But in many cases, the math just doesn't make sense to repackage and relist those items. So a lot of those items are sent to liquidation warehouses, which then resell those items to smaller retailers to resell to other consumers. But what surprised me is that a lot of stuff just gets thrown out and ends up in a landfill.

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There are some interesting reasons for that. For example, the product might be discontinued. The store doesn't even sell that product anymore. Or it isn't cost-effective to repackage and resell it to anyone. One estimate is that 25% or more of returned items get tossed out and end up in a landfill, and stuff like inexpensive clothes and returned underwear all fall in that category.

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Well, what's great about this is I think it makes people think about a topic that most people, I don't believe, think about all that much. And yet it's so important how you speak to people every day. And you've given some really good advice. Michael Chad Hepner has been my guest. He is author of the book, Don't Say Um, How to Communicate Effectively to Live a Better Life.

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There's a link to his book in the show notes. Michael, I appreciate you coming on. It's my pleasure, Mike. I enjoyed that a lot. Every man's suit coat, blazer, or sport coat has buttons on it. But which ones do you button and when? Well, according to Esquire magazine, the one-button jacket, well, that's pretty easy. It should be buttoned while you're standing and unbuttoned when you sit down.

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The two-button jacket, well, the top button is all you need. The two-button jacket should never have both buttons fastened. On a three-button jacket, the rule is simple. Sometimes, always, and never. It means you should sometimes fasten the top button, if you feel like it, always fasten the middle button, but never fasten the bottom button.

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On the double-breasted jacket, fasten every button except the bottom button, even though there is some leeway there. English royalty have been known to fasten every button when they feel like it. And with a double-breasted blazer, you can keep it buttoned when you sit down. And that is something you should know.

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If you enjoyed what you heard in today's episode, my guess is you know someone else who would probably enjoy it as well. So please share this episode with someone you know. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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And that is something you should know. There is an assumption, I think, when it comes to your health care, that if something seems wrong, you should have it looked at so you can get a diagnosis. Because early diagnosis of an illness is a good thing. It allows you to treat something early, and just generally getting an early diagnosis is always better.

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Well, maybe, but there is another side to that coin, as you're about to hear, from Dr. Suzanne O'Sullivan. She is a consultant neurologist and clinical neurophysiologist and author of three previous books. She has a new one out called The Age of Diagnosis, How Our Obsession with Medical Labels is Making Us Sicker. Hey doctor, welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks for having me.

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Today on Something You Should Know, what happens to all the things you buy online but then return? Probably not what you think. Then, you can get a lot of medical tests when you're sick, but it's not always a good idea.

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So I think it's widely believed, it's conventional wisdom, that early diagnosis is a good thing. So explain this alternate view you have.

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So I'm surprised to hear you say that, because my perception is, and I'm certainly no doctor, but my perception is that there are fewer deaths from cancer, that we are catching cancer earlier, and that that has proven to be a good thing, that people are not dying and they are getting their cancer cured. No? No.

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Well, you know, I have heard that before or something like that before that, you know, if you looked at any of us with a, you know, a microscope, we all have cancer in us somewhere probably or something that looks like cancer. But it doesn't mean that we necessarily need to treat it. But why don't we need to treat it?

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Also, which buttons on a blazer are you supposed to button or leave unbuttoned? And a top communications coach helps you improve your verbal skills and looks at just how good or bad a verbal communicator you are.

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So I get that. That's really interesting. And I've heard, too, that there are many men, as they age, get prostate cancer and that many men die with it, but far fewer men die of it. That it's just there because you live long enough, you're going to get it.

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So I get what you're saying about cancer, but what about something like heart disease, where it's reversible in many cases, so it would seem the earlier you catch it, the less reversing you have to do. So why not catch it early?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. We talk quite a bit about health on this podcast, and I can tell you, I try to take care of myself. I mean, I work at it. And for a while now, I've been taking this supplement called MitoPure. And I can tell you, I feel stronger. When I exercise, I recover faster.

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We are discussing a very important change in healthcare and my guest is Suzanne O'Sullivan. She is a neurologist and author of the book, The Age of Diagnosis, How Our Obsession with Medical Labels is Making Us Sicker.

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So, doctor, I think there's this general perception that if you have something wrong, if something doesn't seem right or you see something or feel something, the advice is go to the doctor, get it checked out. And the underlying assumption there is so you know what it is, what the diagnosis is, and therefore you can treat it. But then you also hear doctors say things like,

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Well, we'll keep our eye on it. And I don't like that. That sounds very noncommittal, very vague. I don't want to keep my eye on it. I want to fix it.

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What MitoPure is, is a precise dose of something called Urolithin A. I've read a lot about it. It's a natural compound. that's produced by gut bacteria. And MitoPure is this precise dose that encourages cellular renewal. MitoPure is the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And that's the thing.

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And how did it become involved in crime? I mean, rappers are always getting shot or in trouble or arrested. But what's the connection there? Because I think a lot of people are confused by that. It's an art form, but it's something else.

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R&B is an interesting category to me because R&B implies a certain kind of music, but it's also defined by the artist and typically black artists. And it is the only genre that is typically defined by a race. So what is R&B?

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See, it works on the cellular level. And with regular use, you'll see and feel the difference in the form of improved energy levels, more endurance, And when you exercise, you'll recover faster. As you get older, you probably know that you lose muscle strength. So this is important. MitoPure is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance without a change in exercise.

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Talk about how music is discovered, because that's changed a lot. It used to be that radio was the primary means of discovering new music, and radio was an important means of delivering music, and it's lost in many ways its prominence, or at least there are a lot of other ways that people find music.

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Well, right, because if you ask anybody, pick your favorite song, where did you first hear it? You probably first heard it on the radio. And if you're not a radio listener anymore, where are you going to hear those songs? Yeah.

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So awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. I encourage you to read more about it on their website. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of Mito Pure. Go to timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E dot com slash something.

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Well, I've heard the topic of music, popular music, discussed and sliced and diced in a lot of different ways, and this is really a unique lens to look at it through. I appreciate you sharing your observations. I've been talking with Kelefa Sane.

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He is a writer for The New Yorker, former pop music critic for The New York Times, and author of the book Major Labels, A History of Popular Music in Seven Genres. You'll find a link to that book in the show notes. Great, Kelefa. Thanks for coming on.

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There are so many issues with money. So perhaps what we need to do is stop and take a breath and hit the financial reset button. And here to help you do that is Jill Schlesinger. She is a certified financial planner, an Emmy and Gracie award-winning business analyst for CBS News, and she is host of the Jill on Money podcast and radio show. She's also author of the book, The Great Money Reset.

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Hey, Jill, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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Sure. You know, I find it so interesting that money is so central to our lives. It guides so many decisions and determines what we do or don't do. And yet so many of us struggle with it. You would think that something so important, so central to our lives, that we'd be better at it, that we'd nail it. Why don't we?

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Yeah. Well, I'd rather have root canal, I think, than sit down and figure out how much I owe. And it's just one of those things that it's like doing taxes. It's like nobody wants to do it.

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Well, often we hear, though, that the common advice is pay off your debts, put some money in the bank for a rainy day, have an emergency fund, and invest in an index fund. And that's kind of the conventional financial advice that people hear.

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Hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. Have you heard the saying, I'm sure you've heard the saying, that clothes make the man or the woman? Well, that saying may be more true than you realize. This is according to some research that was published some years ago in the Journal of Experimental Psychology. For example, if you want to feel smarter and actually be smarter, wear a white coat.

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And so how do you compile these numbers? How does the process begin?

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Just make sure it's the right kind of white coat. In the experiment, volunteers were given an intelligence test while wearing a white lab coat. The group who believed that the jacket belonged to a doctor scored higher than the other group who were told the jacket they were wearing was a painter's smock. The study had some other revealing results.

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Women wearing a white blouse looked and felt more innocent. Men in black t-shirts were a little stronger. People had more energy when they wore bright colors. And those people in formal attire had better posture, grammar, and more poise. So in many ways, clothes really do make the person. And that is something you should know. I'm sure you have your favorite kind of music.

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Favorite song, favorite artist, favorite genre. That's a word that gets tossed around a lot in music. Genre. And something that's really interesting is that there's a backstory to all the popular music genres that you like. Whether you like country music or classic rock, hip-hop, that music came from somewhere. It evolved from something.

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How do you, if you can, how do you engineer a parachute if it doesn't work?

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Well, you know what I like about this is I think so many people feel stuck and don't know what it is to do to get unstuck. And you've laid out a game plan here that is fairly simple to do to at least get a sense of where you are and where you're going and how to get there. I've been talking to Jill Schlesinger. She is a certified financial planner.

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award-winning business analyst for CBS News and host of the Jill on Money podcast and radio show. And the name of her book is The Great Money Reset. And there is a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Jill. Thanks for coming on.

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Every pizza lover knows that pizza tastes best when it's fresh. You know that if you have leftover pizza, it's never as good the next day. Heat it in the microwave, it gets mushy. Heat it in the oven, it gets dried out. The editors of Cook's Illustrated magazine have uncovered a way that will make pizza taste almost as good as if it were fresh when you reheat it the next day.

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And here is the recipe. You put the cold slices on a rimmed baking sheet and cover tightly with aluminum foil. Place the baking sheet in the lowest rack of a cold oven, set the temperature to 275, and let the pizza warm up for 25 to 30 minutes. If you do it exactly as I just said, the crust will be soft, the cheese will be melty, and the toppings and the bottom will be hot.

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And that is something you should know. And now that this podcast is over, and hopefully you enjoyed it, I hope you'll share it with your friends and let them give a listen. I'm Micah Ruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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And someone who can tell that story better than most is Kellef Asane. He is a writer for The New Yorker, former pop music critic for The New York Times. He's a contributor to the CBS Sunday Morning program and author of a book called Major Labels, A History of Popular Music in Seven Genres. Hi, Kelifa. Welcome. Thanks for coming on Something You Should Know. So happy to be here.

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Today on Something You Should Know, how your clothes can affect your personality. Then, a fascinating look at popular music, rock, country, hip hop, dance, and pop.

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So you've broken down popular music into these seven genres. So why don't you explain what a genre is and the seven genres are what?

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Well, it's interesting that you say that because when I think of genres, I don't think of, well, I never really thought about it much, but I don't think of them as communities so much as I think of them as categories. When you ask people, what kind of music do you like? They typically respond with one of the genres or categories.

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They say, I like country music or I like hip hop or I like punk music. That's what they say.

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So maybe pick one or two and explain like where do genres come from? Like somebody didn't just wake up one morning and say, I'm going to create myself a genre here and we're going to call it country. So where do they come from?

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And so who defines a genre? Or is it just an organic-y thing that happens? Or is there some sense of there's somebody pulling the strings here that this is what... This is what country music is. This is what rap is.

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Also, the very best method to make leftover pizza taste as good as fresh. And a way to look at your money that might just open your eyes and free your soul.

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What is pop music? How do you define that genre? Because it seems to change a lot, and a lot of songs and artists fall out of that genre and then are homeless.

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We are talking about popular music through the lens of popular music genres. My guest is Calafasane. His book is called Major Labels, A History of Popular Music in Seven Genres.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. We talk quite a bit about health on this podcast, and I can tell you, I try to take care of myself. I mean, I work at it. And for a while now, I've been taking this supplement called MitoPure. And I can tell you, I feel stronger. When I exercise, I recover faster.

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So, Kelifa, I find it interesting, I've always found this interesting, how an artist can fall out of a genre, like be really hot in a genre, and then fall out, and then they can't come back. Say, Barry Manilow, he's like a monster pop artist. Yeah. Then he kind of fell out of favor. And another artist could release a song that sounds a lot like Barry Manilow and could be a big hit.

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But if Barry Manilow puts out the song, it won't be a big hit because he's not allowed back in.

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Unleash more possibilities with cutting-edge systems, our most advanced features, and great prices. Plus, curate your dream setup with deals on select monitors, mice, and more must-have electronics and accessories. When you shop online at dell.com slash deals, you'll have access to state-of-the-art technology to match your forward-thinking spirit and free shipping on everything.

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Anniversary savings await you for a limited time only at Dell.com slash deals. That's Dell.com slash deals. I really love it when I find a great new podcast. And then, of course, I have to share that with everyone. And what I really want you to listen to is Curiosity Weekly. Curiosity Weekly from Discovery makes sense of some of the biggest questions and ideas shaping our world.

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It's all about new discoveries happening in science and tech. They have expert guests that make it all make sense. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

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What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff. Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. So, Demetrius, in these cultures where they engage in these elaborate rituals that are very painful, doesn't anyone ever stop and go, hey, wait a minute. Wait, why are we doing this? Couldn't we do something else that's perhaps a little less painful? Or do they just, we just do it. It's just what we do.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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But those social benefits are not why they do it. Or is it?

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Well, getting away from the painful rituals, because we don't really have a whole lot of those here in the West. I mean, it doesn't seem like that's all that popular.

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That our rituals tend to be much more benign and, you know, like... And this time of year, Christmas has a lot of rituals where people do things and decorate in certain ways that they don't do any other time of year because it's Christmas and they do it... because that's what we do, but also because I think it makes people feel good.

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Is there any sense that rituals are on the rise or on the decline or it's pretty steady or does it go in waves or anything like that?

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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And so many of those rituals that you just mentioned in the courtroom and at graduation, I'm thinking of those kind of things that, you know, why do we do them? Well, that's just what we do. It's just part of the ceremony. It's part of the pageantry. It's just what we do. Like you're almost not supposed to question it.

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And people didn't like that.

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You know, as you're talking, I'm thinking, you know, back to 2020 when we were all locked down. And one of the things that happened was that for the class of 2020 at every grade level, at every school, there was no graduation. And people were talking about that, that how sorry we felt for members of the class of 2020 because there would be no graduation. Graduation, which is just a ritual.

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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It doesn't do anything other than recognize a passage in life. But people felt really bad about that because graduation is so important.

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Well, after listening to you, I think it's clear we all recognize that need for ritual. It's important to all of us to one degree or another. Dimitris Zigalatis has been my guest. He is an anthropologist and cognitive scientist who runs the Experimental Anthropology Lab at the University of Connecticut. And the name of his book is Ritual, How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living.

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And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Dimitris.

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Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work. And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify.

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Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going... So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling.

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I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor. Factor provides delicious chef-made gourmet meals right to your door. And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make. These are not frozen meals. These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good.

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That's code SOMETHING50OFF at factormeals.com slash SOMETHING50OFF to get 50% off plus free shipping on your first box. And I'll put that code in the show notes to make this simple. You often hear phrases like, the human body was designed to move. Exercise is good for you. And you can often hear people talk about how much they enjoy exercising. But for a lot of other people, exercise is hard.

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It's hard to start exercising and even harder to stick with it. So why is it something supposedly so necessary and natural for our health is such a challenge to do? Here to discuss that and to offer some suggestions on making exercise less of a struggle is Daniel Lieberman, professor of biological sciences and a professor of the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University.

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He's author of a book called Exercised, Why Something We Never Evolved to Do is Healthy and Rewarding. Hi Daniel, welcome. Thank you. Pleasure to be here. So why is it, if exercise is so critical for our well-being, why is it so hard to do routinely?

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So this is really all part of our mechanism for survival, right?

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And yet, there are plenty of people who do exercise and claim to love it. You ran five miles today. You didn't do it because you hate it. You did it because either you see the reward in it or you get pleasure from it or both.

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I remember speaking with you some years ago and I remember you telling me about other cultures where, you know, exercise is like, why would you do that? Tell that story.

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For them, yeah. But maybe that explains why exercise is so hard, because... Because to do it artificially, to exercise for the sake of exercise, is not something humans did. We exercise to survive and to thrive, but not to exercise just to exercise. I don't imagine any other animals exercise just for the heck of it.

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Hi, and welcome to Something You Should Know. We start today with a question. Does smiling make you happier, or does being happy make you smile? Well, clearly being happy makes you smile, but smiling, according to the latest research, might make you a little bit happier, but it's not going to make you a lot happier. Here's what we do know about smiling. Everybody smiles. It is universal.

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Is it that exercise is so good for you or movement is so good for you or lack of movement is so bad for you? Aha.

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And yet when people exercise, especially when they exercise a lot, They get injured, they get hurt, they get chronic, you know, joint problems and all that. So that may be going too far.

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People are born with the ability to smile. They don't copy the expression. Even babies who are born blind smile. Women smile more than men. Younger people smile more than older people. Males with high testosterone smile least of all. A smiling person is judged to be more pleasant, attractive, sincere, sociable, and competent than a non-smiling person.

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But does, you know, you go to any suburban town around the world and, you know, four or five o'clock in the afternoon, you see lots of people out walking that are clearly not athletes. They're just, you know, people out for their afternoon walk. And my guess is that most of them think that they're walking because that's good for them.

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Is there some real benefit to that walk or is that, like you say, some is better than nothing, but how much good is it doing? Oh, absolutely there's a benefit to it.

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Absolutely. I remember hearing some time ago, and I don't remember where it was from, that there is a difference between exercising like on a treadmill versus exercising out in nature or something. Is there? It seems to me that exercise is exercise.

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But for whatever reason, people try to exercise and fail and give up. And, well, I think I know the reason, and I think it has to do with the failure to lose weight, that people think they're going to lose a lot of weight when they exercise. And when they don't, they say, well, see, and they quit.

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Babies reserve a special smile for family members and a newborn baby shows a preference for a smiling face over a non-smiling face. And that is something you should know. I guess we all have little rituals we take part in. Around the holidays, there are millions of rituals. But all year long, we participate in rituals because, well, actually, I'm not sure why we participate in rituals.

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So give people some, some motivation, give people a reason to do this because, you know, it's going to be the start of the year. People are thinking, ah, I need to exercise more, but they probably won't. So how about a little motivational talk?

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Well, I think that's a really important message because in all the talk of the importance of exercise and you're supposed to move and you need more activity is this idea that if you don't, there's something wrong with you, that you are lazy or there's just... there's something wrong with you, and clearly that's not the case. I've been talking to Daniel Lieberman.

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He's a professor of biological sciences and a professor of the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard. The name of his book is Exercised, Why Something We Never Evolved to Do is Healthy and Rewarding. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Everyone has heard that eating too much salt can raise your blood pressure.

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And that statement is actually based on research that was done in the 1940s that showed that people who had high blood pressure could lower it by reducing their intake of salt. As a result, it became this common advice to reduce salt in your diet to control your blood pressure.

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I guess it makes us feel good, but there has to be more to it than that. So let's find out why this apparently universal practice of rituals seems ingrained in so much of human behavior. And here to discuss it is Dimitris Zigalatis. He is an anthropologist and cognitive scientist who runs the Experimental Anthropology Lab at the University of Connecticut.

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But in the last 25 years or so, research has shown that it's not just eating a lot of salt that can elevate your blood pressure. It's also not eating enough potassium. When you eat salt, it increases the amount of sodium in your blood, which causes you to retain water, which increases your blood volume, and therefore your blood pressure.

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Potassium regulates your blood pressure by stimulating your kidneys to excrete more sodium, thereby reducing blood volume and decreasing your blood pressure. So, if you don't want to cut down on salt, you can simply increase the amount of potassium you consume. Foods high in potassium include spinach, broccoli, and beans. And that is something you should know.

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Hey, would you do me a favor and just take a moment, wherever you're listening to this podcast, there's a place probably where you can leave a review, or at least a rating. and just take a few words would be great, and preferably a five-star review would be great. It really does help us in ways we don't completely understand, but it really does help us.

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So please, a rating and review would be appreciated. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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He's author of a book called Ritual, How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. Hi, Dimitris. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So what is a ritual as you study it and define it? What is it?

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Does everyone or at least every culture have rituals? Has there ever been a culture that just didn't have any?

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Why is it so universal? If in fact rituals don't really do anything, why are they so important to everybody?

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There are rituals, though, that I can think of, pretty benign rituals, but rituals nonetheless of, you know, rubbing a rabbit's foot or, you know, for good luck kind of thing. And it doesn't work, yet people still do it. And if it did work, then it wouldn't be a ritual, would it?

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Today on Something You Should Know, being happy certainly makes you smile, but does smiling make you happy? Then, rituals. We all have them. They don't really do anything, but they're so important. In fact...

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But you mentioned at the beginning here that you study rituals of cultures that do incredibly painful things as rituals. How does that help your anxiety? Seems like if you came at me with a needle, I don't think I'd be less anxious. I'd be more anxious.

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Is there any indication, though, that someone who, say, pierces themselves with sharp needles or walks on hot coals and does these very painful things, that they get more of an internal benefit from those rituals because they're so painful and involved? compared to someone who just, you know, rubs a rabbit's foot because that's their ritual?

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Or can you get the same from any ritual if you believe you get the same from any ritual?

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Also, does eating salt really raise your blood pressure? And the science of exercise. The benefits are greater than you may realize.

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Rituals is our topic today, and I'm speaking with Dimitris Zigalatis. He is an anthropologist and author of the book Ritual, How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. Dell Technologies is celebrating with anniversary savings on their most popular tech. For a limited time only, save on select next-gen PCs, like the XPS 16 powered by Intel Core Ultra processors, and more.

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Today on Something You Should Know, why the next time you need to make a decision, you might want to wait until you have to go to the bathroom. Then, the power of silence. It's magical because we live in a very noisy world.

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Man, this is going to sound weird to start off this episode, but if you need to make a decision, wait until you have to go to the bathroom. Research published in Science Daily says people make better decisions when they have a full bladder. That's because when the mind is struggling to restrain a bodily function, it's easier for us to exert self-control in other areas.

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So I get that silence has its benefits, but it also seems sometimes that when you're sitting in silence, you can start to ruminate and think about problems and things. And that really what you want to do is distract yourself with maybe music or a podcast like this one. So you're not ruminating and thinking about your own problems as opposed to just sitting in total silence. Right.

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When you think about it, when there's a problem, when there's conflict, the tendency is to talk more about it, argue about it. And maybe a little silence would help rather than trying to hammer it out.

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I wonder why people don't seek this out just on their own, that because it does tend to feel good and relax you and make you sharper, why we don't tend to gravitate to this just because.

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Yeah, well again, there's not a lot of money in silence.

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But what you said a moment ago that silence is scary, that rings true to me. That awkward silence that somebody's got to be talking if there's two people together because you can't have silence. That's something odd about that.

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The authors of the study explain that when you're preoccupied with thoughts of finding the closest bathroom, your ego is in check. You're much less likely to overthink things or give in to unrelated impulses. Consequently, the decisions you make are simple and efficient and more likely to be right on the mark. And that is something you should know.

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well that's true too here i mean you know there aren't too many people that are it's your good friends that you can sit in a room with and each read a book or do your own thing and not feel compelled to chat you know you that there's something very comforting about that absolutely yeah one of my favorite things is to share silence because silence is magnified when it's shared

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Yeah, that's really interesting that group silence at an important event like that. You know, that's why people have, you know, we're going to have a moment of silence and that there's something very moving about that.

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Well, it's interesting. This is, I think, the first time on this podcast the topic has been not about something, but about the lack of something, that silence is that lack of noise and the power that's really in that silence. I've been talking to Leigh Mars. She is a consultant and coach and co-author of a book called Golden, The Power of Silence in a World of Noise.

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And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Leigh. I appreciate you sharing this.

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I'm sure you get food cravings. I crave Thai food sometimes. And chocolate. Sometimes Mexican food. And a few other things. Anyone who's had a craving knows a craving can be very powerful. But what is a craving? It's kind of like hunger, but it's very specific hunger. So how is it different from just being plain hungry?

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You may not realize it, but we live in a very noisy world that keeps getting noisier. And that's not an especially good thing. When was the last time you truly got to experience silence? Total silence. It turns out to be really good for you. And all that noise? Not so good for you. And it's more than just that. The sounds we hear have a real impact on our health and our well-being.

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And perhaps more importantly, what can you do to curb those cravings and maybe even prevent them so they don't sabotage your diet? Here to discuss all of this is Amy Shaw. Amy is a board-certified medical doctor and nutrition expert with training from Cornell, Columbia, and Harvard, and she's author of a book called I'm So Effing Hungry, Why We Crave What We Crave and What to Do About It. Hi, Amy.

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Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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My sense is that a craving, hungry is when you're hungry and you want to eat something. And a craving is you're hungry and you want to eat ice cream or brownies or something very specific. Is that a fair definition?

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Really? That seems weird. It seems like every time I've ever had a craving, it's because I was really hungry and I wanted that particular thing.

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And so what is that? Because I've been in that situation where I've been at a table and the waiter comes over and says, do you want to see the dessert menu? And I have no interest. But other times I think, well, that sounds pretty good. Let's take a look. So what's the difference?

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Noise can affect your mood, your relationships, how well you think. It has all sorts of ramifications. And it's easy to brush it off and say, well, it's just noise. But I invite you to take a few moments and listen to Leigh Mars. She is a consultant and coach and co-author of a book called Golden, The Power of Silence in a World of Noise. Hey, Leigh, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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But when people crave stuff, is it typically sweet?

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What are some examples of craveable foods?

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candies so I've always thought I mean I remember hearing the advice that you know if you're hungry for a Snickers bar I mean you can fight it or but if you just have the Snickers bar shouldn't that and doesn't that have you ever studied this where you have the Snickers bar and you go okay that was great and life goes on or does it create more problems can't you just give into your craving and you're done

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So I think everyone has heard the phrase, silence is golden. And there was a hit record in the 60s called Silence is Golden by the Tremolos. And I think there's this general belief that silence is good, that in the right situation, silence can be very profound and just good for you. I'm not sure how or why, but I think there's a belief in that. But why? Why is silence good?

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So is this primarily or exclusively a food problem or are there other things in life that affect this?

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Are there other things, things that might seem unrelated to the craving itself that actually help to fight the craving? I guess what I mean is, so for example, if you sleep more, do you crave less? If you're bored, do you crave more? Are there other things that can affect how much you crave something?

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It seems that with food cravings at least, and maybe other kind of cravings, that just letting time go by will help. That the thing that you're craving to eat, if you don't eat it, pretty soon you just don't crave it anymore.

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And maybe an even better first question would be, what is silence? I mean, is silence a thing or is silence the absence of something?

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What are some of the other hacks, tricks, first aid, whatever you want to call it, that help to work on cravings in the moment?

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Are cravings predictable? Can you then say, well, given this set of circumstances, I know I'm going to end up craving something, so maybe I can stop it before it starts.

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Yeah, well, you got that right. I'm pretty sure that's not going to work. I've been speaking with Amy Shaw. She's a board-certified medical doctor and author of the book, I'm So Effing Hungry, Why We Crave What We Crave and What to Do About It. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks for being here, Amy.

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You probably assume that your homeowner's insurance policy covers your home. And it probably does. But it may also cover a lot more things than just your house. There's a good chance that your homeowner's policy covers you if you get stuck with counterfeit money or a forged check. It might also protect you if you get sued for libel.

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Fraudulent purchases and money transfers on your credit or debit card might also be covered by your homeowner's policy. If something gets stolen out of your car, your auto policy probably won't cover it, but your homeowner's policy probably will. If you have renter's insurance, those things might be covered as well. It's a good idea to actually read the fine print of your policy.

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You might find some nice surprises. And that is something you should know. I know that leaving reviews for things can be a pain in the neck. I don't do it a lot, but I do do it for things that I do really like or experiences I really didn't like. Hopefully you have some good feelings about this podcast and you would just take a moment and leave a rating and review wherever you listen.

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I'm Micah Ruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one.

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The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

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He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

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The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Also, you might be surprised in a good way what your homeowner's or renter's policy actually covers. And food cravings, why we get them and how to stop them.

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In your definition of silence, is it all silence? Because when like when you say we went out to the Redwoods, to me, that's also like a visual silence, like you're getting away from the clutter of your life and you're seeing something. It isn't nothing, but it's very peaceful silence.

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Because that's something that, because it's so gradual, I think, that people don't realize that, but the world is getting louder, yes? And how do we know that?

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So you mentioned a moment ago that all this noise, all this chatter that we have to turn the sirens up louder to get over is harmful to our health. Well, how so? Because I think people have a sense, just a sense without knowing anything, that quiet is nice and it's probably better than lots and lots of noise. But how do we know it's health-related?

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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I've had the experience being in the business I'm in of being in walking into certain recording studios, radio studios that are very well built. And that silence is different than the silence that you hear just because you turn everything off. It is a profound silence that is deafening almost. And it feels good. It's like, wow, that's real.

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It's just very relaxing and it's an amazing experience if you've never had it.

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Well, I do love that experience. And it's not only a lack of sound, it's a feeling. You feel that silence. You not only hear it.

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And so what about, because there's silence and there's noise, but there's also sound. And to me, I don't know how you define it, but the sound would be something that isn't noise, isn't chatter, isn't objectionable. It's what you want. It's music or whatever. And even a lot of people who meditate, meditate to music. People who study, study to music. And as if that's...

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Well, I don't know why people do that. Why do people do that?

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We're talking about silence and why it's so good for you. My guest is Leigh Mars. She's co-author of a book called Golden, The Power of Silence in a World of Noise. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

Something You Should Know

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805.882

The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

Something You Should Know

The Surprising Power of Silence & How to Overcome Your Cravings - SYSK Choice

829.217

which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

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Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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So, Lee, how much silence is enough? Is it just the more the better? I mean, you can't sit in a room for 24 hours and have all silence. So when do you start to see the benefits or see the bad effects of noise deteriorate with how much silence?

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But is there a sense of you really optimally should have, you know, so many hours of silence every day or no one's done that study?

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Hey, hi, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. As you no doubt recall during the whole COVID thing, we were isolated. We didn't come in contact with other people. We stayed as far away as we were told to stay away from, and we didn't touch other people.

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What about when people, because when I think of memory, I think of pictures. I remember seeing this. I remember the words to this song. But there's also memories of smell and sounds. Are those really memories in the same way or not? Yeah.

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And for the most part, that seems to have gone away, that we do now shake hands and fist bump and high five and touch other people, and that's a good thing. Because these kind of supportive touch gestures, like a pat on the back or an arm around the shoulder, these kind of touches give a burst of oxytocin that boosts our bonding sensation and our sense of well-being.

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That's so true that I think everybody's had that experience of smelling something that instantly transports you back somewhere. It isn't the smell itself so much, but what it triggers. And so it's just that the smell is linked to the memory and it's just kind of the doorway into it.

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Something I have found interesting that happened to me is when you go back to a place that you haven't been in a while, like you go back to your high school and you walk through the door, all of a sudden you start to remember things that you haven't thought of since you were in high school. You remember people. You remember where the cafeteria is. You remember all these things. What is that?

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Where were those memories? Do we ever forget anything?

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If you want to purposefully remember something, is there a best practice? Is there a best way to remember whether you're studying for a test or whether you just you want to remember something? Is there a good way to do it or is everybody different?

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The supportive touch theory works in all kinds of environments. Sports teams who share high fives or fist bumps tend to outperform teams who don't. Students who get a supportive touch from a teacher are twice as likely to volunteer in class. And a kind touch from a doctor gives patients the sensation that their visit lasted twice as long as those whose doctors didn't touch their patients.

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You know, that would be... Well, this is great. It's kind of like a user's manual for using your memory, and I appreciate you sharing it. Andrew Budson has been my guest. He is a medical doctor. He is chief of cognitive and behavioral neurology and associate chief of staff for education at the VA Boston Healthcare System. He's a professor of neurology at Boston University School of Medicine.

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And the name of his book is Why We Forget and How to Remember Better, The Science Behind Memory. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Andrew. This was great. Thanks, Mike.

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You are made up of atoms and molecules. So where did they come from? Think about it. Every one of us contains a billion times more atoms than all the grains of sand in the Earth's deserts. If you weigh, say, 150 pounds, you've got enough carbon in you to make 25 pounds of charcoal, enough salt to fill a salt shaker, enough chlorine to disinfect several backyard swimming pools.

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So how did all those atoms come together to make you, you? That's what Dan Levitt set out to discover. Dan has been writing and producing award-winning science and history documentaries for National Geographic, Discover, Science, and the History Channel. And he's author of a book called... What's gotten into you? The story of your body's atoms from the Big Bang through last night's dinner.

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Hey, Dan, welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks so much, Mike. I'm so honored to be here. So I'm sure we'll get into the interesting details, but in a nutshell, where do my atoms originate? Where did I come from?

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And that is something you should know. I know people ask the question or have pondered the question, how good is my memory? And I've always thought, well, that's kind of a hard question to answer because it really depends on what it is you want me to remember, how long ago it happened. Some people are good at remembering numbers. Other people remember names.

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But so how do those atoms get to be part of me? I mean, so they were created 13.8 billion years ago, and they must have been laying around somewhere or floating around somewhere. How do they become me?

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And so how long have we pretty much known this? How long have we had this story nailed? Is this new? We've known this for years. Where are we?

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And we hear that we regenerate ourselves frequently, that we're not physically the same person we were 10 years ago. How does that work?

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Some of us don't remember things like that very well at all. There are a lot of variables. And yet we have a memory, so you think it would have evolved to be really accurate, and there wouldn't be all these variables. But there are. So let's get a better understanding of our memory, how it works, and why it works that way. And here to do that is Andrew Budson, M.D.

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Today on Something You Should Know, why touching other people, whether a big hug or a simple touch, can be so powerful. Then, understanding just how your memory works and what makes it work better and what makes it worse.

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You say that we take about 20,000 breaths a day. Talk about that and what goes on there.

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Isn't that amazing that that's how it works and yet it all kind of goes on under the radar. We don't think about that but there it is and without that we wouldn't be here.

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It makes you wonder if elsewhere in the universe that this same set of circumstances exists or does life exist in a different way? And are there things that in outer space that we don't even know about that? Well, like when they went to the moon, there was concern about like, you know, what are they going to bring back from the moon that might contaminate the world kind of thing?

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Andrew is the Chief of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology and Associate Chief of Staff for Education at the VA Boston Health Care System. He's a professor of neurology at Boston University School of Medicine and author of the book, Why We Forget and How to Remember Better, The Science Behind Memory. Hey, Andrew, thanks for coming on Something You Should Know.

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Yeah, well, but there have been science fiction movies about, you know, aliens that can't breathe oxygen and that oxygen is poisonous to them, which seems odd.

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not on uh something else to uh for their energy when you look back at the 13 billion years of our scientific history what are some of the highlights of that journey from the origins of it to now well one of them of course was just the discovery that there was an origin

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And what other, I don't know, events or moments in time or people changed the way that we looked at the world and who we are and all of that?

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So since I set it up the way I did, let's start with the variables. Why are people's memories different? Why do some people remember things better than others? Why? Why?

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Yeah, but doesn't it seem, though, that an awful lot of these coincidences had to have happened for us to be here that makes you wonder if there was some design here, because it just seems like so many little things had to have happened just so perfectly. Otherwise we wouldn't be here.

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So as somebody who's researched this and looked pretty deep at who we are, what we're made of, where we came from, what's the big takeaway that you get from all of this?

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Well, this has been really enlightening, and it gives new perspective to what your mother used to tell you about how wonderful and awesome and unique and special you are. I guess we all are. I've been talking to Dan Levitt. Dan has been writing and producing award-winning science and history documentaries for quite some time, and he's got a book out called What's Gotten Into You?

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The Story of Your Body's Atoms from the Big Bang through Last Night's Dinner. And if you'd like to buy it, there's a link to the book in the show notes. Thanks for coming on, Dan. Thank you so much. I so appreciate it. This was fun. I'm sure you know how important it is to make a good first impression. And you don't have much time to do it. People get a good sense of you in about seven seconds.

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According to Yale University psychology professor Marianne LaFrance, 90% of a first impression is based on appearance, posture, facial expressions, and tone of voice. And there are a few things to consider to make the most of those seven seconds. Like it or not, when you meet someone new, your hairstyle will get noticed more than your facial features. Long hair says, my looks are important to me.

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Short hair says, I'm confident and successful. And shoulder length hair says, I'm intelligent and level-headed. Your handshake certainly matters. People who make eye contact while offering a handshake that is firm, dry, and vigorous makes people believe you possess the qualities associated with your grip. For women, your instinct about other women are more accurate than your instincts about men.

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That's because women are programmed to want to make a connection with a man, and that chemistry throws off their radar, according to Professor LaFrance. And try not to be too self-focused during those first seven seconds. How good you make the other person feel is another big factor in making a good first impression. And that is something you should know.

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As always, I'd like to remind you that your help in growing our audience is greatly appreciated. So if you would spread the word and share this podcast with someone you know, that'd be great. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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And what about the idea that as you age, particularly as you get later in life, that your memory declines? Is that normal?

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Also, a simple way to make a good first impression. And all the atoms and cells in your body, where do they come from? Where do they go? And how long do they stay?

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Why do we sometimes have memories of things, vivid memories, like you could remember something from your childhood, a place that you used to go or a house you used to live in, and you have a very vivid memory of it, But if you go there, you realize your memory is wrong. So you have a memory. It isn't like you forgot it. You have a memory, but it's not accurate.

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It does seem that one of the best ways to remember something is to try to remember something. If I'm intentional about, I want to remember this, I tend to remember it more than not doing that.

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So one of the, I think, fundamental questions people have, maybe they wouldn't ask it this way, but so we talk a lot about memory's imperfections, that we don't remember things as well as we think we do. So maybe that's not what memory was meant to do. Evolutionarily, what is the purpose of memory? If it isn't to take snapshots so we can remember exact details, what is it good at?

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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I remember someone saying that when you recall a memory that you've recalled before and before and before, that what you're really remembering is the memory of remembering it. And that over time, that can distort the memory because you're not remembering the thing you're remembering when you remembered it last time.

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And yet you didn't. And so what are the things that affect memory in terms of how we live our life, our lifestyle things, you know, drugs, alcohol, lack of sleep? What are the things that make memory worse? And perhaps what are some of the things that can make memory better?

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We're talking about how your memory works, and my guest is Andrew Budson. He is a doctor and author of the book, Why We Forget and How to Remember Better, The Science Behind Memory.

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So, Andrew, what about the supplements that you sometimes see advertised that are supposed to improve your memory or help a declining memory? What about those?

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You mentioned at the beginning of our discussion that everybody's different, that some people remember some things better than other people. But there are also people who just say, oh, my memory is not very good. I just can't remember things. Is that a thing? And what is that thing?

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That's F-O-R-H-E-R-S dot com slash S-Y-S-K for your personalized weight loss treatment options. ForHERS dot com slash S-Y-S-K. HERS weight loss is not available everywhere. Compounded products are not FDA approved or verified for safety, effectiveness, or quality. Prescription required. Restrictions apply. Wegovi and Ozempic are not compounded.

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So, Brian, when you look at this, when you look at all the traditions that we celebrate around Christmas time, what is it about this that really fascinates you the most?

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Shopify is there to help you grow from the launch your online shop stage to the first real life store stage all the way up to the did we just hit a million order stage? Here's what I love about Shopify. It's not just a platform. They have these great tools that help you sell more.

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Yeah. Well, let's talk about the music of Christmas because there are so many Christmas carols and Christmas hymns and Christmas just pop songs. It's almost like its own little industry.

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I like to talk about Christmas food because no holiday has more food attached to it than Christmas. So let's talk about that.

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For example, they have the Internet's best converting checkout, 36% better on average compared to other leading commerce platforms. They have this thing, it's the Shopify Bundles app, where you can create and sell product bundles with ease. So you sell more. They also have something called the Shopify Collective.

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Tell the story of Rudolph, the red-nosed reindeer. Where did he come from?

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You can curate products to sell from other brands, brands you love, giving your customers more variety and your business more sales. Come on, it's time to check out Shopify. Sign up for a $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K now to grow your business, no matter what stage you're in. Shopify.com slash S-Y-S-K.

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Well, this has been really fun. It's really great to hear the backstories of some of our traditions, Christmas traditions, and where they came from, how they developed, and what they mean. I've been talking with Brian Earle. He is a designer, writer, and podcaster. The name of his podcast is Christmas Past, and it's also the name of his book.

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It's called Christmas Past, The Fascinating Stories Behind Our Favorite Holidays Traditions. And there's a link to the podcast below. and to the book in the show notes. Thanks, Brian. Merry Christmas. Thank you. Appreciate that. And you as well. How much do you spend on wireless service? What's your monthly bill?

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I bet it's a lot, especially if you have several people in your house with their own phones. However much you're paying, I think you can do better with Mint Mobile. Mint Mobile offers premium wireless for $15 a month when you purchase a three-month plan. Now, I have Mint Mobile because, well, just do the math. There's how much you pay compared to Mint Mobile's $15 a month.

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And all plans come with high-speed data and unlimited talk and text delivered on the nation's largest 5G network. And you can keep your own phone with any Mint Mobile plan, bring your phone number and all your existing contacts with you. So let's get rid of your overpriced wireless and get Mint Mobile's deal and get three months of premium wireless for $15 a month.

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To get this new customer offer and your three-month premium wireless plan for just $15 a month, go to mintmobile.com slash something. That's mintmobile.com slash something. Cut your wireless bill to $15 a month at mintmobile.com slash something. $45 upfront payment required, equivalent to $15 a month. New customers on first three-month plan only. Speed slower above 40 gigabytes on unlimited plan.

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Children are a big part of the holiday season for many of us as families get together to celebrate this time of year. So I thought it would be interesting to take a look at how we adults talk with children. Sometimes I think, and I know I've done this, we talk to kids as if they're just little adults.

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Or perhaps we talk to kids as if we're so smart and we need to tell them what we know without really listening to what they have to say. But I know for me that every once in a while you can have an amazing conversation with a child. And so to help have more of those kinds of conversations, whether with our own kids or other kids we come in contact with, I have as my guest Rebecca Rowland.

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Rebecca is a speech pathologist, writer, and Harvard lecturer, and she's author of a book called The Art of Talking with Children. Hi, Rebecca. Welcome.

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So what is it you think we get wrong when we talk to children, especially people who maybe don't have kids or aren't around them a lot? What is it that goes wrong in the dynamic of a conversation with a child?

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And so how do you do that? So let's dive into some specifics here. When you're thinking about talking to kids, what's the shift that goes on in your head that, okay, now we're talking to kids, so things are going to be different here?

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Hello. Welcome to Something You Should Know. I came across this article at HuffingtonPost.com. It's a couple of years old and things may have changed with COVID since we're a little more conscientious. But restaurants, restaurants are public places, so it should come as no surprise that there are a lot of public germs in restaurants.

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You mentioned that we often have this dynamic of the adult is the expert, but what else do we tend to do wrong when we talk to kids? What else are we missing by not really paying attention to the type of person we're talking to, which is a child?

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And so if someone comes to you and says, I want to have more fulfilling and meaningful conversations with kids, my kids, whoever, what's your advice?

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And unfortunately, those germs are on items that are really hard to avoid. Here are the dirtiest spots in a restaurant. Your seat. The menus. Lemon wedges Salt and pepper shakers The table itself, the rim of your glass, the bathroom door handles, the faucets in the bathroom, ketchup bottles, and the salad bar tongs.

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And yet there are, as you were talking about before, you know, the kid wants to show you his toy and you're saying, you know, where are your shoes? Because sometimes we need to get your shoes and get in the car and go somewhere. And we can't, you know, stop and have a meaningful conversation with the child.

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Well, I think any parent, anybody who has kids in their life knows that so much of the conversation is about, like, let's get things done. You need to clean your room or get dressed or brush your teeth. It's all about getting things done rather than sitting and talking about something deeper or more meaningful.

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And how do you know that? I mean, it sounds like it's probably true, but is there research that supports what you just said?

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What else about these kinds of conversations do you think adults don't get? Because, you know, we were once kids. It seems like we should somehow instinctively know how these conversations should go, and yet we don't.

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Now, as germy as restaurants are, you'd probably pick up even more germs at the gas station. The handles of gas pumps have been found to be some of the filthiest things out there. And that is something you should know.

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Well, I would imagine that how you talk to kids changes as kids age. And so how does that change? How, as kids get older, how should you change the way you talk to them?

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I've noticed that when you talk to a child, it's sometimes different than when you talk to them with their siblings, that the one-on-one conversations tend to be a little different than group conversations. I'm not sure why or if it's important, but it does seem to be the case.

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Are there things or ways that you see or that you know the way people talk to kids that really is headed for trouble that we shouldn't do?

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Christmas is a holiday with a lot of traditions, from putting up the Christmas tree to singing holiday songs, eating holiday food, wearing holiday clothes, wrapping gifts, and on and on and on. Each one of these Christmas traditions started somewhere, at some point, with someone.

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Talk about praise and criticism, because it's very easy to criticize kids when they mess up, and perhaps we don't praise them enough when they do good things. So talk about that and why it's important.

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When you talk to kids, I mean, I've heard it said that you should get down to their level, physically get down to their level, that you should somehow kind of adopt more of their mindset and try to talk in their language. Are those things valid?

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And those stories behind how they got started are often really interesting, even though they're not always widely known. Here to discuss how many of our Christmas traditions got started is Brian Earle. Brian is a designer, a writer, and a podcaster. He's host of the Christmas Past podcast, which has been around about as long as this podcast has, since 2016.

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There's also that tendency you sometimes see people where they like almost baby talk a child much below the child's level, like they think the child's an idiot or something.

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I wonder, because as we've been talking, we've been talking about this from the adult perspective of what it's like for an adult to talk to a child. But what's it like for a child to talk to an adult? I mean, is it stressful? Is it hard? Is it something they like doing generally? What's your take on that?

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Well, as I said in the beginning, this isn't one of those topics people think about, you know, talking to children. We just do it. So it's interesting to hear a little more about it and maybe how we can do it better, especially now around the holidays. Rebecca Rolland has been my guest.

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She is a speech pathologist, writer, Harvard lecturer, and the name of her book is The Art of Talking with Children. And there is a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Rebecca. Thanks for being here.

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Buy one, get one free. That sounds like a very tempting offer, but be careful. It is a classic trap that retailers use and it's very effective. According to a Columbia University marketing professor, those bundle offers are designed to trigger your impulse buying tendencies. And it works like a charm. Another bundle offer to beware of is the percentage off if you buy two.

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You know, buy one, get half off the second one. Those items are often the ones that don't sell particularly well on their own. And another classic shopping trap is to watch for disorganized or messy sales racks. They're an effective lure to get shoppers frustrated and headed over to the more organized but expensive racks. And that is something you should know.

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If you would take a moment and share this podcast with someone you know and ask them to give a listen, it would be appreciated by... well, by me and by everyone who works here. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. There is a fascinating and unique podcast I'd like you to check out, as I have. It's called Only One in the Room.

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Brian also has a wonderful book out called Christmas Past, the fascinating stories behind our favorite holidays traditions. Hi Brian, welcome to Something You Should Know. Merry Christmas. Hi, thanks so much for having me. So maybe a good place to start is with Merry Christmas. Why do we say Merry Christmas?

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A few years back, Laura Cathcart Robbins attended a writer's retreat where out of 600 attendees, she was the only black one. So later she wrote about her experience and the article went viral because people understand what it feels like to be the only one in the room. Only one in the room is for anyone who has ever felt alone in a room full of people. I bet you've had that feeling.

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Listen and you'll hear guests like Hilary Phelps, sister of Olympian Michael Phelps, sharing her story of her secret addiction. Former Fox News reporter Christine O'Donnell, who was fired after one of her social media posts was taken out of context. Only One in the Room was named a top podcast by Reader's Digest, The Manual, and Bustle Magazines.

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Every week, Laura and her co-host Scott Slaughter invite you to join them for an hour and lose yourself in someone's only one story. Check out Only One in the Room wherever you get your podcasts.

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Today on Something You Should Know, the germiest things you're likely to touch in a restaurant. Then, the backstories of some of your favorite Christmas customs, and how trains completely changed Christmas in the 1800s.

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This idea of, or the concept that we have now of Christmas, of Santa and Christmas tree and presents, when did that really gel? When did what we think of Christmas become Christmas?

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Isn't it also true that department stores and the metropolitan big city department stores also changed the way we do Christmas in some ways?

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And is that roughly the time when Christmas became such a big deal as it is today? I mean, you probably ask people on the street, what's your favorite holiday? Nine out of 10 of them are going to say Christmas. I would imagine that Christmas is a big deal to a lot of people. When did that become the big deal?

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Also, the traps retailers use to get you to spend more money. And how to talk with children. It's not always as easy as you think.

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Certainly our image of Santa Claus has changed over the years. And as I recall, Coca-Cola had something to do with the current version of who we think of when we think of Santa.

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Talk about the idea of giving presents to each other, wrapping the presents, putting them under the tree, that tradition that so many people follow.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. At this point, I think it's just become common practice that if you have a business and you sell online, Shopify is the way to go. Shopify is the global commerce platform that helps you sell at every stage of your business. Whether you're selling holiday gifts or auto parts or gourmet food, it doesn't matter.

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The traditions of Christmas. That's our topic today. And my guest is Brian Earle. He's host of the podcast Christmas Past and author of the book. Christmas Past, the fascinating stories behind our favorite holidays traditions. If I asked you what's one thing you'd like to do right now to improve yourself, your health, your well-being, I suspect near the top of that list is drop some weight.

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So if you're struggling with losing weight and need some extra help, it's time to check out HERS. The holistic program from HERS gives you access to personalized solutions like GLP-1 weekly injections that have the same active ingredient as Ozempic and Wagovi and oral medication kits. HERS connects you with a medical provider who will create a personalized treatment plan just for you.

Something You Should Know

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Then if prescribed, you get the medication as part of a doctor-developed weight loss program, and it includes ongoing care and online support all at no additional cost. Through HERS, weight loss plans are more affordable with compounded GLP-1 injections starting at $199 a month with a 12-month subscription paid up front. Start your free online visit today at 4HERS.com slash S-Y-S-K.

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Hi, welcome and thank you for joining me for another episode of Something You Should Know. And we're going to start today talking about trees. If you live in a neighborhood that has a lot of nice big trees, it's a little safer than neighborhoods without them. According to the U.S. Forest Service, less crime occurs in neighborhoods with big trees in the front yards and along the street.

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Something I've heard, and I think a lot of people have heard this in one form or another, that that you can't explain how a bee flies, that a bee flies in defiance of the laws of physics. It's just impossible to explain. It's a mystery. And you say, it's not a mystery.

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You say that it's a false statement to make that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. But I've always heard that the speed of light is the absolute limit. Anything can travel. So I'd like to hear that explanation.

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I remember this one, that supposedly there were subliminal messages in movies, like just a still frame of a drink or a snack or something that didn't register consciously with you, but would make you want to go to the lobby and buy a drink or some popcorn or something. And I remember people talked about that.

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So what exactly makes having trees a deterrent to crime? Well, for the most part, it's an unexplained phenomenon, but researchers have come up with a few ideas. Some say trees signal that the area is well cared for, similar to the broken windows theory, which suggests that disorder invites crime. Some say green spaces make an area inviting and can lead to more informal surveillance.

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Well, but there's two questions here. There there's, does it work, which apparently doesn't work very well, but, but also did it happen? Did, did, were people putting frames that you could not consciously see in the movie to try to make it work?

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Well, it's fun to trace back the origins of some of these misconceptions. And you also wonder why they persist so much. I mean, some of these things have become so ingrained in the kind of collective consciousness, we just accept them on face value, but clearly they're not true.

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I've been talking with Brian Clegg, and the name of his book is Lightning Often Strikes Twice, The 50 Biggest Misconceptions in Science. And if you want to read it, there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Thanks, Brian. Great to have you on.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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It sure would be great if there was a way to tell if people were lying. In fact, we've talked on this podcast about how to spot a liar by observing people and looking at their behavior. But the fact is you can never really tell 100%. Some people are just good liars. If only there was a machine. Well, there sort of is. It's called a polygraph, sometimes called a lie detector.

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Other theories point to the well-documented calming effect of vegetation and nature, or that the idea that greenery promotes trust in the community. Whatever the reason, trees fight crime. And that is something you should know.

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You see it in movies and TV shows, and it's supposed to tell if someone is being deceptive. So how does a lie detector or polygraph work? And does it work? After all, the results of a polygraph test are not admissible in most courts. So it makes you wonder, how accurate can it be? Well, here to tell the fascinating story of the polygraph is Amit Katwala.

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He's an award-winning journalist, a senior writer at Wired, and author of the book, Tremors in the Blood, Murder, Obsession, and the Birth of the Lie Detector. Welcome, Amit. Thanks for having me, Mike. So what is the basic theory of how a polygraph is supposed to work?

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My understanding is that supposedly when you lie, because you're lying, there are physical changes, like your heart rate increases and your blood pressure goes up. Things happen because you know you're lying, and that machine registers those changes, and aha, you're a liar.

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And so I've always wondered, if you know that, why would you ever agree to be tested?

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It seems such a murky thing because everybody who knows about polygraphs knows that, or at least the legend is, that the results are not admissible in court. So how accurate could they possibly be if a court is looking for the truth and refuses to use it?

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Where did it start? It sure would be great to have something you could make somebody stick their finger in and go, oh, he's lying and be sure that you're right. Where did this all begin? Who thought, hey, I got an idea?

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I'm sure you've heard statements, scientific-y kind of statements, like lightning never strikes the same place twice, or your blood is red because of the iron in it, or that the Big Bang Theory explains the beginning of the universe. But these are actually examples of statements that are not true. And there are a lot of them. Things that you may believe that just aren't so.

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when did it start getting used in police work i mean i mean seriously used in police work where you know let's hook this guy up to the machine and tell him and figure out whether he's telling the truth or not funnily enough actually for the first couple of years it was mainly let's hook this girl up to the machine rather than this guy so the first cases were in 1921 and they were overwhelmingly

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How widespread is the use of the polygraph? I mean, is it used a lot or is it mostly in movies and occasionally here and there? I mean, how well accepted is it?

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Today on Something You Should Know, how is it that trees fight crime? Then, science myths that many people believe, like sugar makes kids hyper, water is a good conductor of electricity, and lightning never strikes the same place twice.

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Well, how accurate is it? If you take all the results of a polygraph, I mean, are you ever able to say, well, you know, it's 50-50. I mean, and if it's 50-50, what good is it?

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And here to reveal several of them and explain why they're not true is Brian Clegg. Brian is a science writer and speaker who has written over 40 science books. One of them is called Lightning Often Strikes Twice, The 50 Biggest Misconceptions in Science. Hi, Brian. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks for having me.

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Well, what are the things that a polygraph machine is measuring? When we see the little needle on the paper, what's sending the needle up and down or not moving much, or what's it measuring?

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And do each one of those things have its own little needle?

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So my sense is if somebody were to hook me up to one of those machines and strap things around my chest and a blood pressure cuff, that my blood pressure would go up just because of the experience of having to do this test and people suspecting I'm lying, that just being there would make me look like a liar.

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So what made you decide to tackle this, to try to explain that a lot of things that we perhaps believe about science are in fact not true?

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At what point did people, I mean, was it assumed more or less from the beginning that this was And then somebody showed that it wasn't? Or were people skeptical from the beginning? Or how did it kind of fall out of favor to the extent that courts won't use it?

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The guy or the woman who's operating the machine and asking the questions, it would seem that the results might be open to interpretation, that one person might administer a test and say one thing and another person might interpret it another way. Or is it an objective result?

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It almost sounds like because it is so subjective and because people are so different that it's basically worthless.

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Yeah, that sounds like that's the real secret to the polygraph, that if somebody refuses to take one, maybe we better give this guy a closer look.

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Well, it does the job. It gets the guy to confess because he thinks he's in a corner, basically.

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So the people who administer the test and interpret the results, what's their training? I mean, if two people can look at the same chart and come up with different results, how did they get to come up with those different results? Because they were trained how?

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There are other ways that people claim to be able to tell if someone is lying. And it's usually not just one thing, but if you watch somebody over a period of time and compare it to a baseline, that you can get a sense whether they're lying. And I'm wondering, has anyone ever tested the polygraph versus those kind of ways of determining deception to see which is more accurate?

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So it's still used today. And is it basically used because it's better than nothing?

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When a polygraph test is given, it's all yes or no questions, right? It isn't, so tell me about. It's strictly yes or no.

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Well, it's pretty interesting. The polygraph has really had pretty good PR, it seems, for a long time, given the facts. I mean, it still gets used. People still believe it works. And yet there isn't a whole lot of science behind it, it seems. Right.

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Well, let's get specific. And one that you talk about that I have always believed is that water is a very good conductor of electricity. And, you know, you see in the movies, somebody throws a toaster that's plugged in into a bathtub to kill somebody. To me, I've always thought water was a very good conductor of electricity.

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Well, now I think I want to get hooked up. I want to have a polygraph test just to have the experience. I've been talking with Amit Katwala. He is an award-winning journalist, a senior writer at Wired, and author of the book Tremors in the Blood, Murder, Obsession, and the Birth of the Lie Detector. And you will find a link to that book in the show notes. Thank you, Amit.

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Women drivers have gotten a bad rap over the years. Statistics show that actually they're better drivers overall than men are. Women are involved in fewer accidents, have fewer insurance claims, and don't wind up with as many moving violations as men do. And some surveys have found that women are also superior parkers.

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Researchers watched 2,500 drivers park and scored them on technique, precision and time taken. The women were better at picking accessible spaces and at lining up their vehicles to park them. Women out-parked the guys in parallel parking situations as well. They were more likely to back in, which is the method preferred by driving experts. And that is something you should know.

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If you enjoyed today's podcast, don't keep it to yourself. Share it with someone you know. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

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2877.094

The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

Something You Should Know

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which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

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Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

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Also, are men better drivers than women? And the polygraph, or lie detector, where did it come from? How does it work?

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half a turn so the butter side's gone down but not enough time to go all the way so it genuinely is true that even though lots of people think surely it can't really be true that toast always falls butter side down it pretty much always does well let's go back to the water one because you know you're told not to stand in water when you're holding something electric because the water will that there's something about standing in water that that's going to kill you so something's got to be there other than

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So since it's the title of your book, Does Lightning Strike Twice?

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Wow. He's either really... Lucky or really unlucky? I mean, just in terms of the odds, that seems like, like he must have to be trying to be struck by lightning because nobody can, that just seems impossible.

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One of the fun ones, because I've always wondered how you would ever know this, is that a goldfish has a three-second memory. How would you ever test that in the first place?

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Of all the things you talk about, if any one of them has crept into conventional wisdom more than any other, is the idea that sugar makes kids hyper. I mean, so many people believe that because it's their experience. They see it. Kids have sugar and they seem to get hyper. So how can that not be true?

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You claim that the Big Bang theory does not explain the beginning of the universe, but I thought that's exactly what it did explain. So sort that out for me.

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We're talking about science myths, things that a lot of people believe that just don't happen to be true. My guest is Brian Clegg. He is author of the book, Lightning Often Strikes Twice, The 50 Biggest Misconceptions in Science.

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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So, Brian, what about blood? People say that the reason your blood is red is because it has iron in it and iron makes it give it that red color. But you say that's not true.

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So, Rob, as you look throughout history at humans and what they ate, because people have said, well, you know, we're carnivores. Oh, no, we're omnivores. But primarily, has the human diet been very meaty? Has it been meat was just kind of a special Sunday dinner kind of thing? What generally have people eaten over the years? Meat, vegetables, seeds, nuts, fruits, what?

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Do we know when, there probably isn't a when, but this idea of, you know, not just getting the food and bringing it home and cooking it, but to really start to develop recipes to make it even better and even better and even better. Like, how did that happen? Or do we know when that happened? Or it maybe just happened? Yeah.

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So what's the big takeaway here? Because it certainly seems that taste and flavor, it's a pretty compelling driving force for all animals.

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Hi. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Depending on how old you are, you might have to confirm this with your grandmother or something, but it used to be that if you had a freezer, every once in a while you would have to chip away the old ice and frost that would build up over time on the walls of the freezer. And then along came the frost-free freezer, which pretty much everyone has now.

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Today, it seems like we have a lot of, you know, fake foods, artificial foods, cheese puffs and Doritos and things. How do those kind of foods that are not in nature, how do those fit into this discussion?

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Well, there is so much to this topic of flavor and taste that I think most of us don't know, and yet we're tasting and flavoring things every day. So it's really good to understand this. I've been talking to Rob Dunn. He's an evolutionary biologist and professor at North Carolina State University, and the name of his book is Delicious, the Evolution of Flavor and How It Made Us Human.

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And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thank you, Rob.

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But there's a problem. You see, your freezer regularly goes through a frost-free cycle, which means the temperature actually warms up in there, as high as 45 degrees. During that time, the frost melts and evaporates, and that prevents the frost and the ice from building up. The problem is that your food starts to melt too, and then it refreezes, and that causes problems.

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You know what quackery is, right? And it's such a great word, quackery. Quackery is when people spout theories and medical cures for things that are, at best, unproven and possibly useless, and at worst, potentially dangerous. Terms like snake oil salesman and huckster all come to mind. There's a lot of quackery in science and medicine and nutrition, and a lot of it isn't easy to spot.

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Today on the Internet, anyone can say anything and come off as credible. So it's important to understand how to tell truth from quackery or pseudoscience. Hi, Michael. Hi. It seems that quackery has been around for a long time and I think people think that they know how to spot it, that they're somewhat immune to it because it's been around a long time and we know quackery when we see it.

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So just to get specific and put a face on this, what are some of the quackery things that you have seen and you have dealt with in your career that you think are important for people to understand?

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Well, and I think people have all heard that word homeopathy before. but I bet most people don't really know what it means. So what is, specifically, what is homeopathy?

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This is a big cause of freezer burn, and it's why you get ice crystals on your ice cream. In fact, one food science professor calls frost-free freezers ice cream destruction machines. What happens is, as the temperature goes up and food starts to thaw, the water from the food escapes into the air.

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And yet, if you were to ask people, you know, just ask them on the street, what is homeopathy? That's not what they're going to say. I think most people believe homeopathy is kind of this umbrella term for natural or alternative medical treatments.

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Today on Something You Should Know, what your freezer does to ice cream, and you're not going to like it. Then, why do we like certain flavors and dislike others?

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I'd like to talk about herbal remedies. You walk into a health food store and there's all kinds of herbal supplements that supposedly treat disease or prevent problems and do things. And you would think, well, if they didn't work, you would think by now people would have caught on and not buy them. But people do buy them.

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And also, if they didn't work, how is it that they can keep selling them if they don't do what people say they do?

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As the temperature drops again, the water wants to re-enter the food, but it can't because the food is still mostly frozen. So the water sits on top of the food and freezes into ice crystals. And this happens over and over and over again and can ruin some of the food in your freezer.

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natural treatments to prevent disease that you're just part of the big medical establishment along with big pharmaceutical companies that really just want to sell drugs to people and you're part of the problem that and that these remedies do work it's just that you're trying to keep the lid on it and so you know that's a common response to which you say what

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One way to prevent or minimize the damage is to keep as little airspace as possible between the food and the package it's in. This will help prevent the water from escaping out of the food because it will have no place to go. And that is something you should know.

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One of the things that makes modern humans different from other animals, it seems, is we don't just seek out food to nourish and satisfy us. We seek out really tasty, delicious food to nourish and satisfy us. From the way we prepare food and cook it and spice it, we want food to taste good. And even when it does taste good, we sometimes try to make it taste even better.

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So why is it that some food tastes good and other food doesn't? Why do you find some food delicious that I may find horribly distasteful? Here to talk about all this and why we find food so enjoyable, as well as how the pursuit of flavor has guided the course of history, is Rob Dunn.

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Then, there are so many things you can clean in your dishwasher that are not dishes. And most people think they can tell the difference between real science and pseudoscience.

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Rob is an evolutionary biologist and professor at North Carolina State University, and he's author of a book called Delicious, The Evolution of Flavor and How It Made Us Human.

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Hey, Rob, so even though other animals don't, you know, they don't cook or spice up their food a whole lot, I imagine that other species have taste preferences, that some of what a tiger eats tastes better than other things that that tiger might eat.

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Why do we have this kind of oddity in that a lot of foods that are, quote, good for us as humans are not foods that we really like, and a lot of the foods we really like are not good for us? How is that when you would think it would be the other way around?

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Is there anything that is universally tasty that everybody likes? Or as you just said, a lot of this is learned. Or is there a food that everybody that eats it loves it?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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So let's define some terms here. What is the difference between taste and flavor and then how much of those things is actually smell?

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It would seem that in order to survive, humans have had to basically adapt to be able to eat and to some extent enjoy whatever they could get their hands on because... because that's the only way you can survive. And as you pointed out, everybody likes salty and everybody likes sweet, but some people like more, some people like less.

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It seems that the human palette is very adaptable depending on what's available.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster, which strikes close to home for me, having just been... through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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So I imagine that in the history of flavor and taste and food and eating, the day somebody said, you know, if we cook this, it's going to be a lot better, had to be a pretty important day.

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We're talking about taste, flavor, and deliciousness. And my guest is Rob Dunn. He is an evolutionary biologist, and the name of his book is Delicious, the Evolution of Flavor and How It Made Us Human.

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That's mintmobile.com slash something. Cut your wireless bill to $15 a month at mintmobile.com slash something. $45 upfront payment required, equivalent to $15 a month. New customers on first 3-month plan only. Speed slower above 40GB on unlimited plan. Additional taxes, fees, and restrictions apply. See Mint Mobile for details.

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If I asked you what's one thing you'd like to do right now to improve yourself, your health, your well-being, I suspect near the top of that list is drop some weight. So if you're struggling with losing weight and need some extra help, it's time to check out HERS.

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The holistic program from HERS gives you access to personalized solutions like GLP-1 weekly injections that have the same active ingredient as Ozempic and Wagovi and oral medication kits. HERS connects you with a medical provider who will create a personalized treatment plan just for you.

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Then if prescribed, you get the medication as part of a doctor-developed weight loss program, and it includes ongoing care and online support all at no additional cost. Through HERS, weight loss plans are more affordable with compounded GLP-1 injections starting at $199 a month with a 12-month subscription paid up front. Start your free online visit today at 4HERS.com slash S-Y-S-K.

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That's F-O-R-H-E-R-S dot com slash S-Y-S-K for your personalized weight loss treatment options. ForHERS dot com slash S-Y-S-K. HERS weight loss is not available everywhere. Compounded products are not FDA approved or verified for safety, effectiveness, or quality. Prescription required. Restrictions apply. Wegovi and Ozempic are not compounded.

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So Eric, I've been places where, and been in like hotel rooms or at someone's home, and the room itself, there's something about the room that just makes sleep so much easier. So I imagine that there are a lot of things you could do to your own bedroom to make it more conducive to sleep.

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mess up a night's sleep. People worry that, oh, I'm not going to be able to function. It's going to be terrible. I'm going to be prone to accidents because I didn't get my eight hours. And we did a thing here not long ago on an episode, a quick thing about placebo sleep, that if people think they slept well, they tend to do better. And if they think they didn't, they tend not to.

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But what's the damage done from a bad night's sleep?

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Hi there. Welcome to Something You Should Know. You've probably noticed when you buy a pillow or a mattress or a cushion, there's always a tag on it. And somewhere on that tag is a warning about removing the tag. Now, for years, the warning used to say, do not remove under penalty of law. So how did removing a tag become a federal crime?

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Does it work that if you have a bad night's sleep, does that maybe help the next night go better because you're much more tired because you didn't sleep the night before? Or does it actually make it worse because you're now developing like a pattern of not sleeping at night?

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So there are little rituals people have, you know, when they can't sleep, you know, drink some more milk or whatever they are. Is there any sense that those are effective or not?

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Well, I think everybody has beliefs about sleep and what works for them. It's certainly a universal experience. We all have to sleep. But it's good to hear from a sleep scientist about the science of sleep and what works and what doesn't in getting a good night's sleep. I've been talking to Eric Prather.

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He is a sleep scientist and author of the book, The Sleep Prescription, Seven Days to Unlocking Your Best Rest. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thank you, Eric. Yeah, thank you. Thank you.

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Well, it all started when mattresses were a potential host to vermin and disease-carrying materials. Dealers were required to attach labels listing the contents. and the federal government added that warning to discourage dealers from removing it.

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How many times have you looked back on some interaction with someone and said to yourself, I wish I'd stood up for myself. I wish I'd been more assertive. So what does it mean to be assertive? How do you assert yourself without being aggressive or obnoxious? And what are the benefits of being assertive?

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Well, someone who knows a thing or two about assertiveness and has researched the topic pretty thoroughly is psychologist Randy Patterson. He's author of a book called The Assertiveness Handbook, How to Express Your Ideas and Stand Up for Yourself at Work and in Relationships. Hi, Randy. Welcome.

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So I think everyone knows what assertiveness is when they see it in someone, but what is it exactly? How do you define it?

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It was never intended to be a warning for consumers, and in fact, today, while the tag is still on there, the language is a lot softer than it used to be. It reads something like, this tag may not be removed except by the consumer. So, go ahead if you want, remove the label, and the feds won't show up at your door. And that is something you should know.

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And why is that so hard? Why did people have such a problem standing up for themselves and doing what you just said?

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There are people, though, you're probably one of them, there are people who seem to nail this, that seem to be very assertive, you know exactly where they stand, and they tend to be people we admire. They tend to be people that seem confident and assertive, but yet we have trouble doing that.

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But you don't really address the issue of that he's stealing your pencils.

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But what if it's a case of you want to assert yourself about something because the other person agreed to do something and isn't doing it? So I want to be clear. You're not doing what you said you would do. And now I'm addressing the person, not the behavior. Well, I guess I'm addressing the behavior. But you know what I mean?

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There is something about the fact that somebody says they're going to do something and then they don't do it. It's time to talk about the person.

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I can't imagine anyone who hasn't had trouble sleeping from time to time. And you've probably heard the conventional advice, don't drink coffee before bed, get off your phone or computer because the light from the screen messes up with your sleep. But sleeping well and sleeping enough is a little more complicated than that.

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Yeah, that's probably an important point because one of the things I think, I mean, just I can think for myself here that being assertive is going to require that you really explain yourself and it's going to get real heavy and deep here. And I like your way of just make it brief.

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In addition to the words you say, when I think of an assertive person, I can see that person. There's a body language, there's a way they carry themselves. Is that part of it as well, do you think?

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And when you understand some of the complexities, you can really set yourself up to be a better sleeper. And here to explain how is Eric Prather. He's a world-renowned sleep scientist and author of the book, The Sleep Prescription, Seven Days to Unlocking Your Best Rest. Hey, Eric. Yeah, thanks for having me.

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You know what's really interesting to me as I hear you talk is I think one of the reasons that people are afraid of being assertive is that they haven't been. And so because they haven't been with a particular person or in a particular situation, there's been a lot of water under the bridge. And now there's some anger and some aggressive feelings.

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But if they had been assertive in the very beginning... It would have been easier.

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Yeah, because if you don't tell people what your boundaries are, well, then how are they going to know what they are? And also, it seems that, you know, the longer you're not assertive, the harder it is to be assertive, that people kind of peg you as, well, he's a kind of a passive person, so I don't really need to worry about him.

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So do you think, in general, people have a good understanding of how important sleep is and what having a good night's sleep does for you, that kind of thing?

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I would imagine one of the things that keeps people, that holds them back from trying to be more assertive in any situation, is fear. Fear of what will happen if I do this. What will the other person, how will they react? How will I react to their reaction? What will the whole thing get out of control? And if I just stay passive, then no waves are made and everything stays nice and calm.

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It also seems that underlying a lot of the lack of assertiveness is the thinking of, well, what's the point? If I bring this up, it's going to cause all kinds of problems. Why bother? It's just not worth it.

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Do you find in working with people that the more they do this, the easier it gets? Or is it really always a bit of a very conscious, hard effort?

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What about when you want to be assertive with someone who is also being assertive back at you and your assertivenesses don't mesh? So now you're kind of in an assertiveness struggle.

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What's the connection, do you think, between the lack of assertiveness, the difficulty or inability to be assertive, and the lack of confidence? Are they intertwined?

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When somebody wants to be assertive, in the moment, when they're trying, what is it that they should keep in mind about what they're trying to accomplish here?

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Well, it's a topic I think everyone has thought about. And I like how you made the differentiation because I think what you said was that people sometimes think that being assertive is kind of a watered down aggressive. But as you pointed out, those aggression and assertiveness are two mutually exclusive things. I've been talking to Randy Peterson.

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He's a psychologist and author of the book The Assertiveness Handbook, How to Express Your Ideas and Stand Up for Yourself at Work and in Relationships. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Appreciate you being here, Randy. Thanks. Well, thanks, Mike. This has been really fun. If you're the boss, you may want to hand out some more compliments today.

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there is a study that revealed that employees who receive positive feedback are more successful. For the study, adults were divided into three groups and asked to perform the same task as fast and accurately as possible. Once completed, the first group received praise and compliments individually.

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The second group had to watch others receive compliments, and the third group was on its own to self-evaluate. When asked to perform the test again, the group who had been praised individually significantly outperformed the other two. The researchers explained that the brain perceives that compliment as like a mental paycheck. Most people tend to work harder when they feel valued.

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And that is something you should know. Ratings and reviews for podcasts are kind of like the fuel, and we always appreciate more fuel. So please, whatever platform you're listening on, you can probably leave a rating and or review, and it would be greatly appreciated. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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There is a fascinating and unique podcast I'd like you to check out, as I have. It's called Only One in the Room. A few years back, Laura Cathcart Robbins attended a writer's retreat where out of 600 attendees, she was the only black one. So later she wrote about her experience and the article went viral because people understand what it feels like to be the only one in the room.

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Only one in the room is for anyone who has ever felt alone in a room full of people. I bet you've had that feeling. Listen and you'll hear guests like Hilary Phelps, sister of Olympian Michael Phelps, sharing her story of her secret addiction. Former Fox News reporter Christine O'Donnell, who was fired after one of her social media posts was taken out of context.

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Only One in the Room was named a top podcast by Reader's Digest, The Manual, and Bustle Magazines. Every week, Laura and her co-host Scott Slaughter invite you to join them for an hour and lose yourself in someone's only one story. Check out Only One in the Room wherever you get your podcasts.

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Do you have a sense, I don't know if you've looked at the numbers, but in terms of how many people have trouble sleeping and how often they have it, is there any sense of how big a problem this is?

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Today on Something You Should Know, why are there tags on pillows and mattresses that say, do not remove? Then, if you've ever had trouble sleeping, you'll want to hear the very latest on how to sleep better.

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Why? What is it that happens? Is it that they can't stop thinking about something? Is their mind racing? What's preventing them from just falling asleep?

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It's not doing something. But if people are not sleeping, then what is it they're doing? What is it that goes through their mind or what is it that they're doing that keeps them from sleeping?

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I imagine everyone has heard the warnings about the connection between screens and sleep, that the blue light from your TV or your iPad or your computer or your phone, that if you are looking at those things before you go to bed, that that will interfere with your sleep. Can you talk about that?

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Also, why employers should be handing out a lot more praise and compliments. And if you ever wish you could be more assertive but have trouble speaking up, I have some great advice.

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You know, I've often thought that when people have trouble sleeping, they kind of approach the problem the wrong way in the sense that they think about, what am I doing wrong? What's the thing I need to avoid in order to sleep better? Rather than look at the question of, okay, if I really want a good night's sleep, what are the things I need to do to facilitate a good night's sleep?

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We're talking about how to get a good night's sleep every night with sleep scientist Eric Prather, author of the book, The Sleep Prescription. How much do you spend on wireless service? What's your monthly bill? I bet it's a lot, especially if you have several people in your house with their own phones. However much you're paying, I think you can do better with Mint Mobile.

Something You Should Know

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Mint Mobile offers premium wireless for $15 a month when you purchase a three-month plan. Now, I have Mint Mobile because, well, just do the math. There's how much you pay compared to Mint Mobile's $15 a month. And all plans come with high-speed data and unlimited talk and text delivered on the nation's largest 5G network.

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And you can keep your own phone with any Mint Mobile plan, bring your phone number and all your existing contacts with you. So let's get rid of your overpriced wireless and get Mint Mobile's deal and get three months of premium wireless for $15 a month. To get this new customer offer and your 3-month premium wireless plan for just $15 a month, go to mintmobile.com slash something.

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And this is going to make it easy for you to try. Eat smart with Factor. Get started at factormeals.com slash something50off and use code something50off to get 50% off your first box, plus free shipping. That's code SOMETHING50OFF at factormeals.com slash SOMETHING50OFF to get 50% off plus free shipping on your first box. And I'll put that code in the show notes to make this simple.

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I really love it when I find a great new podcast. And then, of course, I have to share that with everyone. And what I really want you to listen to is Curiosity Weekly. Curiosity Weekly from Discovery makes sense of some of the biggest questions and ideas shaping our world. It's all about new discoveries happening in science and tech. They have expert guests that make it all make sense.

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It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin. Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids. What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff.

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Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly. Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts.

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So, Mike, you know, it's interesting that we're talking about this and encouraging adults to have more fun, because as you pointed out before, when kids have fun, they just have fun. You don't have to tell them to have fun. But when you have to tell somebody, when you have to tell an adult to have fun, it's like now it becomes a project. OK, now what am I going to do? OK, let me think.

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What could I do? Where could I go? You know what I mean?

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Yeah, and you bring up a great point, so thank you, that certainly not prescribing, just adding more to your already busy schedule, right? So I think one of the first things to do is sort of see where you've habituated time that's not really leading to your betterment. For a lot of people, that's going to be social media use.

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For folks that are just working so hard that when they get home at 7 p.m., they just plop down on the couch and aren't really paying attention to what they're viewing. They just mindlessly turn on Netflix. So certainly not villainizing people that really enjoy a certain show and are watching it with a partner, but more the people that are asked, hey, so what did you do last week?

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And they can't even tell you what show they watched. Those are the opportunities, you know, where you can take time off the table and then reintegrate something that really does light you up. And so, you know, an important first step is to figure out how you can make that space. Like, what are the things that are you really just filling time with?

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Because you're in so much discomfort, you really just trying to displace that discomfort with something that's a little bit mindless instead of something that's leading to your betterment.

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Yeah. Well, I guess that's a big part of it is I imagine a lot of people say, well, I'd have more fun, but I just don't have time. I'm too busy.

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Yeah, that's exactly right. Like a common example that I think is helpful is, you know, you see a busy parent on a park bench just watching their child and mindlessly kind of scrolling their phone. So for them, that's really just another extension of work, right?

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I'm here because I have to, because I'm a parent and I need to watch this child and simply just remember something that might be interesting. for you, like, you know, maybe it's building a craft, maybe it's, you know, painting. For me, it's going, I love water slides. So my son and I just went there. So instead of just taking my son on a play date, I actually do something that I enjoy as well.

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And so that's a great example of switching out an hour that really kind of felt like work. And now I'm having fun with my son. And again, it doesn't need to be sort of this Western ideal of an extremely extroverted high arousal activity, right? It could be something as simple as, you know, going to see a play, introducing your child to Shakespeare or whatever it is.

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But there are a lot of opportunities where you're already doing something where if you augment it in sort of a joyful fashion, you can add fun to your life and not necessarily go, okay, well, where am I going to find the time to do this?

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When you talk about incorporating fun into your life, if you haven't been having a lot of fun, I know it's hard to put a number on it, but people always wonder, well, so how much is enough? How much fun do I need to have to be benefiting from my fun?

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Yeah, so I don't like prescribing a number because to your point, especially that's where happiness has become problematic because you try to hit some bar, right? The research that I cite in the book comes from Cassie Holmes out of UCLA. And so when most people critically look at their schedule, even if they're extremely busy, and so obviously,

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um working housewives you know as a generality tend to have the least amount of time but even those folks if you look at their schedule critically can find two hours and then someone you know in the single population it tends to be five so there's a spectrum of two to five hours that we

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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that most of us should be able to claim agency autonomy over and really incorporate again, you know, leisure activities that bring us joy. If that seems like too much, again, just try two or three a week and see how that makes you feel.

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So that's where I start because two to three is generally, you know, really easily accessible, even to someone that's working, you know, a job that requires 60 to 70 hours a week. Again, there's 168 hours

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a week and so even if you're working 80 you know and then sleeping uh 56 there's still a lot of time on the table to go enjoy yourself and so if you're not you need to ask why right yeah well that's a good question because that's a lot of unaccounted four hours but you know i guess it's

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There's laundry to do and grocery shopping and, you know, people can fill it up. They do it all the time with stuff.

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And so, I mean, it's a trope. Right. But, you know, what we prioritize happens. And so I think I've I and others have made a strong case that if you're not engaging in leisure, ultimately you're going to burn out. Right. And so. What I think is sort of at the forefront is the same thing that happened with sleep in the 90s and early 2000s. Hustle porn, as I call it, was really prevalent then.

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And you had all these folks, the Gary V's and the Grant Cordon's of the world. saying, you know, if you really want to be successful, you put the kids to sleep and you work till 3 a.m. And so to Gary V's credit and a host of other folks, we now know that if you have a sleep deficit, you can't work, right? And so you never hear anybody anymore talk about championing sleep deprivation.

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And I think you're going to see the same thing with leisure because there's emerging evidence suggests that If you're not enjoying yourself a little bit, if you're not taking breaks, it's a direct path to burnout and you're not going to be productive anyways.

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One thing I've always wondered is, like, so if you're going to go have, let's say you're going to go have a fun ski weekend and you go and And it isn't the fun you expected. You know, it was, you know, too cold or it rained or the snow was crappy or, you know, the... In other words, the experience, the takeaway wasn't what you thought it was going to be. Does it still count? Is it still fun?

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No, that's a great question. I think for one way to set you up for success is to try and not make the event outcome focused. So again, if you kind of stack the deck in your favor and you're with great people when life kind of gives you lemons, you can still enjoy that time because you're with people that you really like, right?

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So one of the best ways to mitigate that disappointment is to just kind of be open to whatever that event whatever that experience kind of throws your way and really try to enjoy the people and the time that you have. One example in my own life was my wife and I tried to do two New Year's in one year. So we did an amazing night in Sydney with some friends.

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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And then we tried to beeline to Hawaii so that we could say that we did two New Year's events in one year and the plane broke. So we didn't make it to Hawaii on time. And My wife had an amazing time and I was just fixated on the fact like, oh, my gosh, we spent all this money and it didn't happen. So she was an amazing teacher in that moment.

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I mean, you know, we could have just enjoyed ourselves the whole time that the fact that we didn't make it to second New Year's was just consequential. Right. And instead I ruined that event because of my sour mood. So to the extent that you don't really focus on the outcome and you really just focus on the fact that

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you know, you should be grateful that you're with these amazing people and you get to enjoy the time that you have, you know, makes it easier when, again, you know, there's sort of curveballs thrown at you.

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So when you do the types of things you're talking about, assuming you haven't been doing them, Like I say to you, okay, Mike, I'm going to go have more fun now and I do what you prescribed. What's going to change? Specifically, what would I look forward to because I'm now having fun that I didn't have when I wasn't having fun?

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Yeah, that's a great question. So again, going back to the hedonic flexibility principle, what we see is once you start to enjoy yourself, there's a few things. one, you show up as a better version of yourself, right? So you have more vitality and vigor for the things that you want to do. Oftentimes to illustrate this simply, I just use a math equation, right?

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If kind of living in this low level life of burnout, you're able to contribute, you know, one X every hour that you work, you know, that's 40 hours of output a week, right? But if you start enjoying your life and you can show up to work with a better attitude and more energy, then you start to produce 2X, right?

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And so the person that's working 60 hours a week burnt out, that's 60 units of output per week. The person that is showing up to work

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you know with that vigor and vitality and energy that's able to produce 2x in just 40 hours of week excuse me just 40 hours a week they can produce 80 units of output and so here's one person working a lot less now has more time for fun and it's producing more where the person that's burnt out is working longer and producing less right and so that's just a simple way to highlight that but that's been empirically validated we know that people that are burnt out

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you know, make themselves busy, but don't really contribute to work. The second is through, you know, this idea of social contagion that once we are, you know, we feel more optimistic and we're just living life in a more positive way, a more joyful way, that stuff tends to kind of be infectious. And all the people around us, you know, start to see us happy and want to be happy too.

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You know, we start laughing more, we start smiling more and just generally clear the air. You especially see this within a family dynamic. So, you know, just integrating a little bit of this into your life creates this upward spiral, not just for yourself, but for those around you as well.

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So it seems like one of the key messages here is to rather than to ask yourself, am I happy? We ought to be asking ourselves, am I having fun? Am I having enough fun?

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Yeah, I think so. I interviewed Jordan Etkin out of Duke about this, and I think she highlighted it perfectly. I mean, as soon as you take yourself out of the moment to ask yourself whether you're happy, you're now not having fun anymore, right? You're essentially, it's an exercise in retrospection. And so... Happiness is great. And I think I value it highly and I want the world to flourish.

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But I think taking an action oriented approach and really being mindful of just enjoying the time that we have here tends to be a better approach than, you know, trying to architect sort of these interventions to try and make herself more happy. Because happiness is...

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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Happiness is really the result. It's the byproduct of the fun. It isn't the thing you do. It's the sensation you feel after the fact. That's exactly right. Well, great. This has been really thought-provoking. I've been talking to Mike Rucker. He is an organizational psychologist, and the name of his book is The Fun Habit. And you'll find a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Mike.

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Thanks, Mike. It's been a true pleasure. Thanks so much for having me.

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Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work. And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify.

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Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going... So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling.

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On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use. Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash SYSK, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash SYSK to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash SYSK.

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You probably don't think about it much, but when you walk into a room and flip on a switch and a light comes on reliably pretty much every single time, that's actually rather amazing. You tend to appreciate it more when the power goes out in your house. Then you realize how much you rely on reliable electricity being delivered to your home. But think about it.

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How did we get from darkness to having electricity streaming through the walls of our homes and businesses? Well, here to tell that story and discuss the miracle of electricity is Kathy Joseph. Kathy has a YouTube channel called Kathy Loves Physics, and she holds multiple advanced degrees in physics and engineering.

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She's author of a book called The Lightning Tamers, true stories of the dreamers and schemers who harnessed electricity and transformed our world. Hey, Kathy, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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Sure. So here we have this force of nature, electricity, that somehow becomes domesticated and is now pretty much in everyone's home and business, powering everything. Where did this story, where did the journey begin?

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I imagine when a lot of people think of the start of harnessing electricity, they think of Benjamin Franklin and flying his kite and all that. Is he part of this or is that more myth and fable or is that an important part of this story?

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So when electricity is generated today, are magnets involved?

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Hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. This is that time of year, as this episode publishes in January, this is the time when people start to maybe fall off the wagon for their New Year's resolutions. And wouldn't it be great if you had like a willpower button that you could press when you were trying to resist temptation? Well, according to a study, we actually do have a willpower button.

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So at that time when they're figuring out how to create, how to generate electricity, was there an understanding that if we get this, you know, this will power lights, this will power things, this will create a lot of power to do things, or was there a big learning curve involved?

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Edison wasn't big on alternating current. He liked direct current.

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So before you reach for that donut that you swore you wouldn't eat in 2023 or buy those shoes that you know you don't really need, make a fist. Just make a fist. Make it tight and hold it until it's really uncomfortable. That secret willpower is actually in the discomfort. And you don't have to make a fist exactly. You can flex any muscle and it will work.

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Was there resistance to it? I remember watching an episode of Downton Abbey when they brought electricity into the castle there and people were like afraid that the walls would burst up on fire and that they didn't want it. Was there that kind of resistance to it or it's just fiction?

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were either brave or foolhardy like this was dangerous stuff isn't that interesting that that that fear would be justified but so so at how did they fix that and when did they fix that when it when did it when were was the public reassured that that your house isn't going to burn down

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But when you think about, if you are to electrify a community, you think about how that has to be done with wires and poles and digging up walls and laying in wire. I mean, this is a huge deal.

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Participants in the study were told to tighten their muscles, hands, biceps, calves, whatever, as they faced a challenge to resist temptation. Those who clenched demonstrated more self-control than those who didn't. Most of us naturally clench our muscles when we're exerting our willpower. If you want to use the trick strategically, you'll need to flex at just the right moment.

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So you mean that when these more powerful and brighter light bulbs came along, there were just too many of the lower dimmer light bulbs in existence and the system would have to be completely reconfigured to handle these new light bulbs. So it was never reconfigured.

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As I recall, one of the big problems with getting electricity to people's homes is getting it there, that you lose a lot from here to there. Yes, that's true. So what is that problem and how was it solved or has it ever been solved?

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One of the things that really struck me was there was a movie, I think in like 2012 or something, Lincoln. And it was Daniel Day-Lewis played Abraham Lincoln. And they tried to make it really realistic as to what it was like inside the White House when there was no electricity. And it was amazingly dark. And, you know, at nighttime, there was just candles.

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And it's hard to imagine living that way before the electric light.

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The study found that clenching before the temptation arrived was counterproductive. Not only did it not help the clencher, it left them a little weaker and more vulnerable. You have to wait until you're tempted. And that is something you should know. Do you have fun? I mean, do you deliberately set aside time to do fun things, to get away from work and reset, recharge, and just have fun?

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One of the people whose names I hear in discussions about electricity that you haven't mentioned is Tesla.

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Was he not a big player in this or we just haven't gotten to him yet?

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So as revolutionary as electricity was in the 1800s, are we done? It is what it is. It's electricity. Is there anything new going on or electricity is electricity?

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Well, as I said in the beginning, you don't really realize how important and how much you rely on electricity until the power goes out. And then you realize you can't do anything. And it's really interesting to hear the stories of how we got to where we are. with electricity. I've been speaking with Kathy Joseph.

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She has a YouTube channel called Kathy Loves Physics, and she is author of a book called The Lightning Tamers, true stories of the dreamers and schemers who harnessed electricity and transformed our world. And there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Thanks, Kathy. Thanks, Mike.

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You know, people who get down and depressed have a tendency to do two things. This is according to Dr. Jeffrey Rossman, who wrote a book called The Mind-Body Solution. The two things people do is they dwell on the past and they worry about the future. So, if you find yourself feeling down and doing one or both of those things, try a little mindfulness.

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That just means being present in the here and now. So, instead of going for a walk and worrying about things, go for a walk and enjoy the walk. One way to do that is to focus on your breathing, because if you're thinking about your breathing, You can't think about bad things.

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By bringing your mind into full attention to what's going on now, you can distance yourself from what has you down in the dumps. And you usually find with a little distance that things aren't as bad as you were thinking. And that is something you should know. And now that you've heard something you should know, here's something you could do.

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And that is to leave a rating and review wherever you listen to this podcast. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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By the nature of the word fun, it might seem that doing things for fun is frivolous, maybe even a waste of time. But if you think that, you may be looking at this all wrong. According to Mike Rucker, he is an organizational psychologist who studies fun, and he's author of a book called The Fun Habit. Hi, Mike. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thank you so much for having me.

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So today there seems to be a lot of emphasis on happiness, tons of books and podcasts and seminars about being happy. And I know you say that's problematic, that rather than focus on being happy, we should focus on having fun. So why is that? What's the problem with happiness?

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So the primary problem about using it as a construct for success is it's an exercise in evaluation, right? It tends to happen in the rearview mirror.

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And so especially if you're in an area of life, like in the book, I write about losing my younger brother, but whether that's a divorce or just a time in life where, you know, extreme positive emotion isn't necessarily the appropriate response because you need time to mourn or you need time to figure out how your life has changed.

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once you start to ruminate on the fact that happiness is out there on the horizon and you are where you are, something quite terrible can happen. And what that is, is that you start to subconsciously identify as being unhappy. Like, okay, well, I guess I'm just not a happy person. And over time, That can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.

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And again, a lot of research suggests that that's exactly what's kind of happened in this era of toxic positivity. What fun does is it really allows you to take this action-oriented approach where it doesn't necessarily mean you're trying to calculate anything. You're really just enjoying life in the moment by your own design, things that really light you up.

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So is fun the thing you do or is fun the feeling you feel or what exactly is fun?

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I've defined fun quite simply. You know, I use an academic term valence, but that really just translates to pleasurable, right? So is what you're engaging in, are you enjoying your time or are you not enjoying your time? And so that's a really easy definition of fun. Is what I'm doing right now something I enjoy doing or is it something I don't enjoy doing?

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And I'm certainly not prescribing that we should be having fun all the time. But what I am suggesting is that, especially here in the US, a lot of us aren't having any fun at all. And it's leading to dire consequences.

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And a lot of the times, though, people say that the reason you have fun is it makes you happy, right?

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Yeah, so that's what's amazing is that once you

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sort of orchestrate a life where you're having fun deliberately then happiness is an amazing byproduct it's when we kind of focus on happiness that it becomes problematic because happiness is really a lagging indicator of the things that are happening in our life right and sometimes happiness can be disrupted because of things that are completely outside of our control but fun is pretty pedestrian in the sense that generally we can go off and just do it you know by our own design and we don't necessarily need to identify as happy in that moment

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today on Something You Should Know. If you're having trouble resisting temptation, there's a way to turbo boost your willpower. Then if you want to be happy, maybe you should stop trying to be happy and just have fun.

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So what do you say to people, because I'm sure people will tell you this, that my work is fun. I love my work. It's so much fun. So I don't need other fun because that's my fun.

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Well, then that's amazing, right? Good for them.

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I would still suggest that when you look at time-based studies, that folks that don't have a transition ritual into leisure, even if their work is so fun that they don't need a lot of leisure, will ultimately find over time that one, they are burning themselves out, but that two, when you don't index kind of a tapestry of different interesting things in your life,

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You know, when you get into older age, those things that you've habituated kind of get stored in your memory as one event. It's this concept called index time, right? You'll look back at that and go, okay, I guess my life was just work. There's a lot of regret when you've kind of just let your life be consumed by one thing, whether that's work, domestic duties, or whatever it is.

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And so integrating at least just some experiences that light you up that are outside of your your main activity, become extremely important.

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So what does the science say about what fun does? And what I mean by that is, is taking a break and going and doing something fun intrinsically valuable in and of itself somehow? And if so, how? Or is it really you're just taking a break? You're forcing yourself to not do something the work so that you refresh and recharge. Is it that or is it the other?

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There's a couple of things. One is called the hedonic flexibility principle. So there was an amazing study that came out of MIT, Stanford, and Harvard. And it essentially said that when folks are taking time off the table for themselves, so they are living a life that's joyful and not sort of rooted in escapism. So they're so burnout, right? They're doing things that aren't necessarily

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leading to betterment like drinking or gambling, but are doing things like dance classes or engaging in a hobby or having amazing social relationships with friends. that they're the ones that actually do the harder stuff. And so that becomes important. Another aspect of this, especially for folks that are in creative positions, is that it allows you to think in a non-linear fashion.

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Once you orchestrate a life where you're having fun deliberately, then happiness is an amazing byproduct. It's when we kind of focus on happiness that it becomes problematic because happiness is really a lagging indicator of the things that are happening in our life, right?

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So a lot of folks that need to come up with creative solutions, those tend to not happen if you're always engaged in work. You really need to let your brain breathe and do something else so that you can start to connect ideas that don't necessarily fit in a linear fashion.

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When you ask people, when you talk to people and say, you know, who don't have a lot of fun, who really are kind of stuck in the grind, why? Why don't you have fun? What do they say?

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For a majority of folks, it's sort of rooted in that Puritan work ethic, or it comes from a sense of guilt, right? This isn't my idea, but it's been proven by various empirical research, this whole idea of the U-shaped curve of happiness, right? And so there's this term called the sandwich generation. And what's happened is in modern life, we're all living a lot differently.

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we're living a lot longer and we're having kids a lot later, right? And so that means for the first time, a lot of us are having to deal with both kids, raising kids, and then also our aging parents. And so rightfully, we're what scientists called time poor, right? And so what I suggest is

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That you don't necessarily need to find something fun to do every day, but figure out how you can take at least two to three hours off the table a week for yourself. And then play with that for one to two weeks, because changing habituated behavior you know, often the first week there's some dissonance and you got to get over that.

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But by week two or three, you'll start to feel that vitality and vigor come back and realize that you're actually able to contribute better, especially if you see life through the lens of a sense of duty.

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I remember hearing someone say, and when they said it, it kind of rang true for me. And I've always thought this to be true that when it comes to things like fun and It's not only the fun itself that is beneficial, it's the anticipation of having it that is also beneficial.

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What we now know about dopamine, right? I think for a long time, it's kind of been thought of this pleasure neurochemical. in preparing the material for the book, I interviewed a bunch of different neuroscientists and they now know that that's not necessarily the case. They think the real evolutionary benefit of dopamine was the anticipation of pleasure, right?

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Also, some great advice for the next time you're feeling a little bit down and how electricity got into your house. In fact, having electricity in homes was not the initial goal.

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And so we get excited about anticipating something novel or surprising, or even just enjoyable. And so that works on both the front end, but then also the backend. We know that relishing in really fond memories, reminiscing about things, that's what builds that resilience.

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So yes, it's an enjoyable state heading into something that's fun, but it's also one of the best ways to build resilience after the activity. So it's beneficial on both the front end and the back end.

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What do you say to somebody, I imagine this has happened, where someone would say to you, you know, I can't remember, I wouldn't know what to do. I don't know, like, okay, I'll have more fun, but tell me how. I don't know what to do.

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Yeah, absolutely. So I suggest building a fun file. I think you can look back at the things that did bring you joy. A lot of us use science brought forth by Stuart Brown, that was a play expert. But the exercise is very helpful to understand things from your past that light you up that might still be applicable to what you're doing today.

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Then look at friends that are having a lot of fun and see if the things that they're doing are something that you might enjoy. There are a lot of folks that are likely in your network that would be great inspiration for getting you out of the house and enjoying yourself a little bit more. All it takes, and this even works for introverts.

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I'm not necessarily saying go join a big running club like I might because I'm an extrovert, But for my wife, it might be just joining an intimate group of a book club so that you can just start to reintegrate those things that really are the bond that help us endure the slings and arrows of everyday life.

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We're talking about fun and making the case for you having more fun is Mike Rucker. He's an organizational psychologist and the name of his book is The Fun Habit. I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor. Factor provides delicious, chef-made gourmet meals right to your door. And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make. These are not frozen meals.

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These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good. I first had Factor Meals delivered to me, it's been a few years now, and everyone in the house has loved them. What's really special about Factor Meals is they're dietitian approved, and the variety is impressive.

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There are 40 options across 8 dietary preferences on the menu each week, and you can choose from preferences like Calorie Smart, Protein Plus, or Keto. What kind of meals are they? Well, I think you'd find these pretty tasty. Chicken Florentine with spinach and garlic chili cauliflower, Cajun spiced salmon and shrimp, garlic pork tenderloin. It's like a gourmet restaurant.

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And I've also heard that dogs' hearing is very good. It's certainly better, I guess, than human hearing in the sense that they can hear sounds, hear frequencies that we don't hear. But is a dog's hearing spectacularly good or is it just a little better than ours?

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I have noticed improved muscle strength and endurance. MitoPure works by promoting an essential cellular cleanup process. It clears out dysfunctional mitochondria. And it's the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline.

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When you understand how some of these other creatures perceive their reality, does it give us any real insight in what it's like to be them?

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So, look, I invite you to join me and awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. And I'd love to hear about your results. Timeline, that's the company behind MitoPure. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of MitoPure. Go to Timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E.

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Yeah. And that's what's so interesting that, and that's the big mystery because like, even with my dog, I mean, when I walk my dog, sometimes she'll stop. and roll around in the ground and rub her neck on a specific spot. And I have no idea why or what that does for her, what itch that scratches, but it clearly must be pleasurable, and I'll never know.

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Lastly, talk about bees because they seem like they're really interesting creatures and we see them all the time and not sure what they do and why they do what they do, but so talk about them.

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Well, I love this conversation because it makes you think about something that you never think about, the way other creatures, the way other animals perceive their world, which is also our world, but perceive it in such a different way than we do. I've been talking with Ed Yong.

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He is a Pulitzer Prize-winning science journalist, a staff member at The Atlantic, and author of a book called An Immense World, How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden World Around Us. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks for being here, Ed. This was a lot of fun.

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A while back, we had Ramit Sethi on as a guest, and he's one of the smartest people you'll ever know when it comes to everyday money matters. And he was here talking about money and couples. As it turns out, he has his own podcast called Money for Couples, which if you're part of a couple, then I highly recommend you listen to this podcast.

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Because when you do, instead of fighting about money, you and your partner will discover how to start building a rich life together. Money for Couples is a podcast full of real-life, actionable advice like how to pay off your debt and still enjoy your life, how to build a shared financial vision, how to spend extravagantly on what you love and cut back on what you don't.

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And you'll learn from real-world stories of couples facing the same money challenges as you. All of the episodes are helpful, but if I had to pick one or two, there's one called, We Make $300,000 a Year But Spend Like We Make a Million. That's a situation I think a lot of people can relate to. And another is called, We've Saved for Retirement But Have No Money to Spend Now.

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Money for Couples is the name of the podcast hosted by Ramit Sethi. And all you have to do is search for Money for Couples wherever you listen to your favorite podcasts.

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Hello, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. Thank you for joining me. I don't know if you knew this or not, but the upper right side of a menu or a web page or even a newspaper, the upper right side is often considered prime real estate. It's the first place people look if they're right-handed. Left-handed people actually see the left side sooner.

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¶¶ It's a productivity grind, and it can really wear you down. There's got to be a better way, and here to help you find that better way is Madeline Doerr. She is a writer and podcaster. Her podcast is called Routines and Ruts, and she has a book out called I Didn't Do That Thing Today, Letting Go of Productivity Guilt. Hey, Madeline, welcome.

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So what is that thing? What is that quest? What is that big desire that we all have to want to get more done, get everything accomplished? And then when we do, we want to get more done.

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And doesn't it seem that no matter how productive you get, how many things you get done, what you, at the end of the day, end up focusing on the thing you didn't get done, and then that makes you feel guilty.

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Well, I find it interesting that it seems like there's two kinds of time. There's either the time that you're being productive. Or you're wasting time. I mean, and there aren't a lot of other categories. It seems like just because you're not being productive doesn't mean necessarily that you're wasting time.

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Today on Something You Should Know, whether you're left-handed or right-handed has a strong influence on decisions you make. Then, how we humans perceive the world is different than the way a lot of other creatures do.

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Cognitive scientist Daniel Casasanto says our hands and eyes have everything to do with how we interact with the physical world, and our handedness can have a lot to do with the decisions we make. Dr. Casasanto asked participants in a study to decide between two products to buy, two job applicants to hire, or two alien creatures to trust.

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Well, I love what you said, that there is no bigger waste of time than spending time worrying about wasting time.

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One of the things I think people find frustrating is when you schedule your time, you schedule things to do and how long it's going to take and however you schedule it. What you can't schedule is what you don't know. You don't know what's going to happen, what's going to come up, what emergency, what thing is going to need your attention that isn't on your list.

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And that causes frustration in a lot of people. It's like, oh, now I've got to waste time doing this other thing that wasn't in the plan.

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Still, there are people I know that I'm very envious of because they seem to get so much more done in a week or a day or whatever. You know, I'll see them on Facebook or something and, hey, they're over here doing this and then they did this other thing. And I'm thinking, how do they get it all done? And is it me and maybe they don't?

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Or are there just some people who seem to get a lot more done than others?

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Right-handed participants regularly chose the one on the right side of the page, while lefties chose the one on the left side of the page. People tend to prefer things they see or experience on the same side as their dominant hand. That's apparently because they're easier to reach, perceive, and interact with.

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Still, you must have found in your quest for, you know, the perfect productive day, there are some things, I don't know whether they're strategies or hacks or techniques or whatever, that will help you get more done or will help you at least get to the things that you say are important and that some people do seem to do that better than others.

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Talk about distraction. Because people, I think, are easily distracted because there are so many. And, you know, you can say, well, I was just being creative when I was looking at Facebook for 25 minutes. But no, maybe. But mostly you were just wasting time looking at Facebook. And maybe that's fine. But it does seem that we are easily distracted.

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And then we feel bad about it later because we wasted that time, you know, looking at Facebook or whatever. But... But distractions are there, and some people give in to them and other people don't.

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And you can use that phenomenon to your advantage by catering to someone's dominant side in professional or personal situations. And that is something you should know. As you travel through life on this planet, you see the world as it is, right? Well, not exactly. What you see is the world the way humans see the world.

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So let's talk about the difference between being productive and being busy, because I think there is a big distinction between the two, because I know a lot of people who are really busy, but they don't necessarily get a lot done. They're just busy being busy.

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But other creatures on the very same planet see a very different world in very different ways. And so what makes this so interesting to me is that if animals see things so differently than we do, who's right? What is real? And does it even matter? Here to discuss this and give us some understanding of exactly how other creatures perceive their own reality is Ed Yong.

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Well, so much of what you've been talking about is how we feel about our productivity, not so much the productivity itself, but on those days where you really nail it, you just get everything done and everything goes well, and that feels great. So you kind of want more of those days, but...

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I don't know that those days are anything other than just, you know, freak accidents, that maybe that's not the goal, but those days sure do feel good.

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Well, it's good to hear, I think, for a lot of us, a lot of people, that that uneasy guilt feeling of not getting enough done or that feeling that I'm wasting time if I'm not on task all the time, that we all feel that at some time. And maybe we just need to be a little kinder to ourselves. I've been talking with Madeline Doerr. She is a writer and podcaster.

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Her podcast is called Routines and Ruts. And you can find that wherever you listen to podcasts. And her book is called I Didn't Do That Thing Today, Letting Go of Productivity Guilt. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Appreciate it. Thanks for being here, Madeline.

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Also, something to consider if you've ever thought of smuggling your own snacks into a movie theater. And our obsession with productivity and not wasting time.

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As I'm sure you know, movie theaters don't want you to bring in your own snacks. Many theaters forbid it. They all frown upon it. You probably could get away with it, but according to David Callahan, who's the author of a book called The Cheating Culture, doing so is really wrong.

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As a guest, you should obey the rules of the establishment, just like you would at any other business that serves food. Movie theaters make about 40% of their revenue from the sale of food and drinks. There's no doubt that the markups are sky high, but keep in mind that theaters have to share ticket sale revenue with film distributors and studios.

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In the old days, snacks and drinks were not allowed in most carpeted, plush theaters. Then once TV came along, the theater industry had to pull out all the stops and allow people to have snacks. But you really should buy the ones they offer. And that is something you should know.

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Your rating and review would really help us if you could find the time to just take a moment, write a few words about this podcast, and post it wherever you listen. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

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The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

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He's a Pulitzer Prize-winning science journalist and staff member at The Atlantic. And he's author of a book called An Immense World, How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden World Around Us. Hey, Ed, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

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Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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So when I look out the window, what I see isn't necessarily all that's there. It's just all that's there that I can perceive, which is a little hard to get your head around. So help me get my head around that.

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I would imagine that the reason creatures see that little slice that is uniquely theirs of the bigger reality is because that's what they need to see. That's what they need to perceive in order to survive.

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So one of the things that interests me about this is if there are other creatures that smell things we can't smell or see things that we can't see, how do we know that? Because if... If we can't see them, how do we know that they can see them?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Recently, I was asked to try a supplement called MitoPure and then talk about it here. And I said, well, let me check it out. So MitoPure is a precise dose of urolithin A. That's a metabolic compound that is clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And it's also found in small amounts in certain fruits and nuts.

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When you look at our ability to perceive the world compared to, say, other, well, any other animal, I mean, do we tend to do better than most? Do we see and perceive less than many? Where are we on the scale?

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We're talking about how different creatures on this planet see the world differently than we do. And my guest is Pulitzer Prize-winning author Ed Yong. His book is called An Immense World, How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden World Around Us.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Now, as I've talked about many times here, I work at staying fit and healthy. It's important to me. And when I researched some studies online and found urolithin A, which is what MitoPure is, is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance... and I saw that it was safe to take, I started taking it. And I've been taking it a while now, and I see a change.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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So, Ed, talk a little bit about animals that are maybe closer to home, like dogs and cats. Animals that we see more frequently and we observe their behavior, we're not necessarily sure what we're observing, so it might be interesting to find out.

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If you were to just randomly stop people on the street and ask them, and there's a bias in the way you ask it, I guess, but do you get enough feedback? as much touch in your life as you want, which kind of implies you don't. So I guess you would be, the answers might be skewed. But in a, what do you sense? Do you think people wish they had more or wish or think they have too much?

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Or I mean, where do you think we are?

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What MitoPure is, is a precise dose of something called Urolithin A. I've read a lot about it. It's a natural compound. that's produced by gut bacteria. And MitoPure is this precise dose that encourages cellular renewal. MitoPure is the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And that's the thing.

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I want to find out about that 4% who say they have too much touch. Now, what does that look like? Who's touching them so much?

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Well, you made the distinction a few minutes ago between touch and affection. And I hadn't really thought about it, but they seem very closely related, but they're not the same thing. And I guess people could need affection and not need touch so much, right? Yeah.

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Is there research that helps to explain that if someone is touching you, if you're in an affectionate embrace, what happens in your brain that makes that so satisfying? What is the chemical reaction if there is one?

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Yeah, because it seems to me that if you have a lot of affection and touch in your life, It affects your behavior. I mean, as you say, it probably lowers your stress and makes you calmer and easier to get along with, and you're not so grumpy. Like, it has a lot of cascading benefits.

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See, it works on the cellular level. And with regular use, you'll see and feel the difference in the form of improved energy levels, more endurance, And when you exercise, you'll recover faster. As you get older, you probably know that you lose muscle strength. So this is important. MitoPure is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance without a change in exercise.

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What about the touch with a pet? Is there any research about that?

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There's something I've noticed about touch, and I'm sure other people have noticed this too, that yes, touch is a thing in and of itself, but it's also like a, I don't know, like an accent. It adds a little something to a conversation that makes it more impactful or more memorable when people touch during that conversation. Has there been any research into what I'm talking about?

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Well, it is interesting that it is a topic that is awkward to bring up. Like it's just not something people tend to talk about. It touches just something you either do or you don't do. But you don't really sit around and talk about your touch needs. Sounds a little weird.

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Well, it's certainly an important topic that we probably need to pay more attention to, and I guess we just did. Michael Banassi has been my guest. He is an award-winning professor and author of the book Touch Matters, Handshakes, Hugs, and the New Science on How Touch Can Enhance Your Well-Being. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Appreciate it. Thanks for coming on, Michael.

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So awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. I encourage you to read more about it on their website. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of Mito Pure. Go to timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E dot com slash something.

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Look out your window and up in the sky, there is space. Outer space. More space than you can imagine. And of course, scientists have been researching and exploring space for a long time now. But there are some things about space that you will find fascinating that you probably never knew. But you're about to, as you listen to my guest, Dr. Jillian Scudder.

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She is an assistant professor of physics and astronomy at Oberlin College in Ohio, and she's author of a book called The Milky Way Smells of Rum and Raspberries and Other Amazing Cosmic Facts. Hi, Jillian. Welcome. Thanks for being on Something You Should Know. Thanks very much for having me. So let's start with why you decided to look at some of these unusual things

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sort of oddball questions about space that most of us didn't read about or study in high school science class. Where does this all come from?

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Well, since it is the title, let's find out why the Milky Way smells of rum and raspberries. Because first of all, how would you even know that? And where do you go smell that?

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So wouldn't you say the galaxy is flatter than a credit card? I don't get that because that's not my experience. I'm in the galaxy and I'm not flatter than a credit card. So what do you mean?

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You say the universe is getting dimmer. Why? What's causing that?

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Hi, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. I appreciate you taking the time to join me.

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But I thought new stars were being formed all the time.

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How do we come to the conclusion that the universe is beige? Because again, that's not my experience that it's beige. What does that mean?

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So there are a lot of interesting and unusual and things I never knew kind of facts about space in your book. So pick one that you found, even you as someone who is an astronomer and a physicist, surprised you or fascinated you so much.

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One of the best things about the weather warming up, to me, is you start to smell that smell of freshly cut grass. If I had to pick my top scents, freshly cut grass would be right up there near the top, or maybe at the top. And interestingly, in an Australian survey, women chose the smell of freshly cut grass as the happiest smell over every other scent. Why do you suppose that is?

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And when was that? I mean, how long ago was the moon actively volcanic?

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And volcanic activity... Well, I guess, what causes a volcano? It seems like you would need some things that are particularly Earth-like to have a volcano. But I guess, I don't know.

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Well, there is scientific data that helps to explain that phenomenon. Inhaling the smell of freshly cut grass can actually make you feel happier by halting the brain's production of the stress hormone cortisol. For me, it just somehow sends me right back to my childhood. It's just a very relaxing and calming smell.

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And interestingly, the actual purpose of the smell is that it's part of a defense process. The grass has been damaged by your lawnmower, and it goes through this process to defend and restore itself. And the smell is part of that process. And that is something you should know. The power of human touch, physical human contact.

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Something You Should Know

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You've likely heard that it is good for you, and it certainly can feel good when you get a hug or a massage. Touch feels nice, but how is it actually good for you? Is more touch better? And are you getting enough of it? That's what Michael Banacy is here to talk about.

Something You Should Know

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Word of mouth is the primary way this audience grows. It really helps us if you would tell someone you know who you think would enjoy listening to listen to this podcast. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Michael is an award-winning professor and author of a book called Touch Matters, Handshakes, Hugs, and the New Science of How Touch Can Enhance Your Well-Being. Hi, Michael. Welcome. Hi, hi. Thanks for having me. So, based on the title of your book, I'm sure the answer is going to be yes, but in addition to touch feeling good, does it really do anything for your health or well-being?

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Today on Something You Should Know, why you and most other people probably enjoy the smell of cut grass. Then we'll explore the power of human touch, from a warm embrace to a simple handshake.

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Well, that's pretty impressive. And I guess one of the ways you would determine how good touch is for you is to look at people who don't get touched or don't get enough touch to see how bad that is.

Something You Should Know

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So how much touch is enough? Because it seems there's a big range. There are some people who are you know, very touchy-feely and like to hug everybody and just seem to crave that. And there are other people who are more standoffish and really don't like a lot of physical contact, particularly with strangers and maybe for fear of germs. So there seems to be a big range.

Something You Should Know

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I'd like to talk for a moment about the touching that happens when you first meet someone. And I remember during the pandemic when people were saying, you know, the handshake is over, that no one will do that anymore. And boy, that came back faster than lightning, because I don't think we would know what to do without it.

Something You Should Know

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Then, would you know what to do if your oven caught fire? And what you never knew about outer space? Like, it's raining diamonds on Neptune.

Something You Should Know

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And it does seem that, you know, handshakes and those initial touches that we have with people set a tone and they do something. I just don't know what.

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Well, and imagine if someone refuses to shake your hand. I mean, there's a message that's pretty loud.

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Well, what did that research say? If a candidate doesn't shake an interviewer's hand, are they doomed?

Something You Should Know

Why Human Touch is So Important & Space Facts That Will Shock You - SYSK Choice

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We're talking about the importance of touch, physical, human touch. And my guest is Michael Banasy, who is author of the book, Touch Matters, Handshakes, Hugs, and the New Science on How Touch Can Enhance Your Well-Being.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. We talk quite a bit about health on this podcast, and I can tell you, I try to take care of myself. I mean, I work at it. And for a while now, I've been taking this supplement called MitoPure. And I can tell you, I feel stronger. When I exercise, I recover faster.

Something You Should Know

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So Michael, I know there has been some research about sports teams and how teammates who touch those teams perform better. So can you talk about that?

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And any explanation or suspicion as to why that is?

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One question I've always wondered about, and I think everybody's pondered this, in a family, you have kids, siblings, and they turn out very differently, even though they were raised in the same house, by the same parents, with the same rules. So why is that? Why does one kid go one way and another kid go the other way?

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I have noticed improved muscle strength and endurance. MitoPure works by promoting an essential cellular cleanup process. It clears out dysfunctional mitochondria. And it's the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline.

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But they can also end up not quite different in similar ways.

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But what about things like – I think isn't Albert Einstein's brain in a bottle somewhere that they wanted to examine it? Because how could somebody so brilliant be one of us? He's just so amazingly smart. But is there any idea of why somebody is just so – Head and shoulders above everybody else. When it comes to anything. Whether it's for good or evil. You know Jeffrey Dahmer. Or Albert Einstein.

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I mean these are just extraordinarily. Extraordinary people. Why?

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You mentioned earlier that experiences that we have help shape who we are. And we all have big experiences. Sometimes, very oftentimes, we have very bad experiences, traumatic experiences. And then there's that saying of, you know, what doesn't kill you makes you stronger. So what does the science say about how trauma impacts who you are?

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So, look, I invite you to join me and awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. And I'd love to hear about your results. Timeline, that's the company behind MitoPure. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of MitoPure. Go to Timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E.

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That's interesting. So the notion that what doesn't kill you makes you stronger is not true at all.

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The person that I think I am, and what I mean is how good a person I think I am, is that the person other people see? Does it tend to match up, or are we somewhat deluding ourselves into how good we are that other people don't necessarily think we're so great?

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Well, that should come as a relief to a lot of people. This has been interesting. I've been talking with Paul Bloom, who is a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto. And he has a book out called Psych, The Story of the Human Mind. And you'll find a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks for being here, Paul. Appreciate it. Thank you. This was a lot of fun.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

Something You Should Know

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen. Life is uncertain.

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How Your Mind Changes Over Time & The Upside of Uncertainty - SYSK Choice

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You can't be sure what the future will bring. Now that can be exciting, and it can also be scary. The fact is we're wired to be afraid of uncertainty because, well, bad things can happen. So can good things, but often the fear of the bad things prevents us from going after the good things. And that fear does seem to affect some people more than others. So what can we do about this?

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How can we make uncertainty our friend? Well, joining me to discuss this is Nathan Furr. Nathan is a professor who studies and teaches about innovation and technology. He's the author of four books on innovation, and the latest one is one he co-wrote with his wife Susanna called The Upside of Uncertainty. Hey, Nathan, welcome to Something You Should Know. Thank you for having me.

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So as you look into the future, the uncertainty of the future, good things can happen and bad things can happen. We as human beings seem more afraid of the bad things, that we're more concerned about bad things happening than we are about the prospect of the good that comes if good things happen. And so why is that?

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Hey, hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. When you hear the letters RX together, you probably think of medicine. I mean, you see RX at the drugstore, on signs, and on bottles of medication. But what does RX have to do with medicine? Well, the R part of the symbol stands for the Latin recipe, which means take this. The X part of the symbol is derived from the symbol for the Roman god Jupiter.

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Well, that does that wiring does seem to be an obstacle because I mean, you think about it as you look at the possibilities of something that might happen in the future. It does seem that we go to the negative, like, well, what bad thing could happen more than we rush to the possibility of great things happening? We just we just have that negative bias.

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Are there people who are naturally good at this, are naturally good at facing uncertainty, seeing the uncertainty, and just moving forward anyway without being thrown off course?

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Today on Something You Should Know, what do the letters RX stand for when it comes to medicine? Then, how the human mind makes you who you are and how it constantly changes as you get older.

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Right. Well, I've always thought that, you know, if life were so certain, well, it wouldn't be very interesting. It would be pretty dull if you knew that everything you did worked out. Well, where's the fun in that?

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It represents a prayer or invocation to Jupiter that the treatment would result in a cure with divine help. So our X really means take this and pray. And that is something you should know. Trying to understand the human mind, what it is, how it works, how it shapes and creates who you are, it all sounds really interesting, but also seems like a difficult thing to get your head around.

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Right. So there are times when you do want uncertainty. Uncertainty, lack of uncertainty makes a boring life. Uncertainty would make things kind of exciting.

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So how do you approach this systematically? If you're facing something that you're feeling very uncertain about and you want to do the kinds of things you're talking about, step one, two, and three are what?

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So that's really your attitude towards it, right? I mean, if you look at a situation, you can see the possibilities or you can drown in the misery. It really depends on your outlook.

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Here's the thing, though. It's one thing, as I listened to that example, it's one thing to say that, to say, oh, you know, look at the opportunity here and still feel very fearful that just logically this could be a disaster.

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I mean, part of the problem is there's a lot about the mind and the brain we don't really know or understand. But there's also a lot we do understand. And here to explain that in a way we can all grasp and understand is Paul Bloom. Paul's a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and professor emeritus of psychology at Yale.

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Well, that take action thing is one that I really pay attention to because I find that sitting around kind of wringing your hands feeds the beast of uncertainty. And doing something, almost anything, is better than not.

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It is so interesting that uncertainty has this weird balance. Like without it, life would be dull, but with it, life can be stressful. And how you balance that out, I guess, really helps determine where you go and how well you do.

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And he's author of a book called Psych, The Story of the Human Mind. Hi, Paul. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Hey, thanks for having me here. So let's start with happiness because I think we all want to be happy. Everybody has a sense of what makes them happy personally. But on a scientific level, what is it that makes brains, minds, human beings happy?

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Well, they're also, I don't know, maybe it's just me, but I have to fight back on this feeling that if I make a wrong decision, it's forever. And so often it's not. If you do make the wrong decision, if you do something goes wrong, you can probably fix that. It may be more difficult, but nothing's forever.

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Well, I think for anybody, and probably that's everybody who has feared the future or has felt a little uneasy about what's around the corner, this has been really helpful. I've been speaking with Professor Nathan Furr, and the name of his book is The Upside of Uncertainty. And if you'd like to read it, there's a link to it at Amazon in the show notes. Thank you, Nathan.

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Do you know the difference between a road, a street, an avenue, and a boulevard? Well, the rules aren't hard and fast, but generally, a road describes any throughway that connects two points. Streets, on the other hand, are public roads that have buildings on both sides. So while a street is a road, not all roads are streets. Now, often streets run perpendicular to avenues.

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Avenues have trees or buildings on both sides as well. And although they run perpendicular, which way they run depends on the city. For example, in Denver, streets run north-south, avenues run east-west. In New York and Manhattan, it's just the opposite. Avenues run north-south, streets run east-west. A boulevard is a wide street with trees on both sides and a median in the center.

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Smaller roads, such as ways, lanes, and drives, tend to split off from a major road. And both places and courts are roads with dead ends. Courts usually end in a cul-de-sac. And that is something you should know. If you'd like to support this podcast, we don't ask you for money. All we ask you to do is help us get new listeners by telling someone you know to give it a listen. I'm Mike Carruthers.

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Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one.

Something You Should Know

How Your Mind Changes Over Time & The Upside of Uncertainty - SYSK Choice

2948.964

The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

Something You Should Know

How Your Mind Changes Over Time & The Upside of Uncertainty - SYSK Choice

2968.877

He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

Something You Should Know

How Your Mind Changes Over Time & The Upside of Uncertainty - SYSK Choice

2991.75

The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Also, the difference between a road, a street, and an avenue. And how to make the best of uncertainty, because many of us fear what uncertainty may bring.

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A lot of the reason that I think people look back on their childhood as happy is because you're looking back. You kind of forget the bad things. And nothing bad can happen in your past because that's all done. So you can look at it through these kind of rose-colored glasses where today God knows what's going to happen. I could get hit by a bus. And so that makes me maybe less happy. I don't know.

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It would seem to me that one of the reasons you wouldn't be happier when you're older is you're so much closer to the edge of the cliff that you will one day fall off that you weren't 25 years ago.

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Well, but it's also, you often hear something like, It's the greatest thing I ever did. And it's the hardest thing I ever did.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Recently, I was asked to try a supplement called Mitopur and then talk about it here. And I said, well, let me check it out. So Mitopur is a precise dose of urolithin A. That's a metabolic compound that is clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And it's also found in small amounts in certain fruits and nuts.

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So let's talk about good and evil. I've always been fascinated by why some people

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Something I've always wondered about is just as your body ages throughout your life, you change. You don't look anything like you did when you were 10. I wonder if your brain and mind and the, who you are changes in, in such a way that you wouldn't really recognize yourself. If you went back and talk to that 10 year old, who was you all those years ago?

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Now, as I've talked about many times here, I work at staying fit and healthy. It's important to me. And when I researched some studies online and found urolithin A, which is what MitoPure is, is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance, and I saw that it was safe to take, I started taking it. And I've been taking it a while now, and I see a change.

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I'm speaking with Paul Bloom. He's a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and author of the book, Psych, The Story of the Human Mind.

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So, Paul, since you study children, here's something. As somebody who has been through the foster parent and adoption business, you often hear people talk and they will offer their opinion about, well, I hope you intervened early because once a kid hits and fill in the blank, 8, 10, it's too late. It's too late. Is there any evidence that that's true or is that just some...

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wives tale theory that people come up with?

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Perfectionism is driven not by high standards, but by anxiety.

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Well, one that I think intersects everybody's life multiple times is, do you need more time or do you need to make a decision?

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And you probably already had made up your mind. You just needed to say it out loud and do it.

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What MitoPure is, is a precise dose of something called Urolithin A. I've read a lot about it. It's a natural compound. that's produced by gut bacteria. And MitoPure is this precise dose that encourages cellular renewal. MitoPure is the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And that's the thing.

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When I saw that one, what I reflected on is more that when I look back at some of those kind of decisions that I put off and needed more time, I ended up doing what I knew in the beginning I was going to do.

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I knew a long time ago what I was going to do, but just in case, maybe there's something else I need to consider. But at the end of the day, I did what I was going to do in the first five minutes I knew I had to make a decision.

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I mentioned one in the intro to this segment that I liked and like you to comment on, and that is we often know we want to leave before we know where we want to go.

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Yeah, I guess you don't need to know where you want to go in order to leave. First, you just need to leave. In fact, maybe you can't figure out where you want to go until you do.

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We don't have to be good at something to be good at something.

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See, it works on the cellular level. And with regular use, you'll see and feel the difference in the form of improved energy levels, more endurance, And when you exercise, you'll recover faster. As you get older, you probably know that you lose muscle strength. So this is important. MitoPure is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance without a change in exercise.

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There was one, and I don't have it in front of me, but it relates to the idea that not deciding is a decision.

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Don't do something to make yourself feel better if it just ends up making you feel worse. And who hasn't done that?

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doom scrolling it's not making you feel better it's just making you feel worse well you're always a pleasure to talk to you always brighten the day and and of all the authors that i've interviewed i've never before today interviewed someone who wrote a book in aphorisms i've been talking to gretchen rubin the name of her book is secrets of adulthood simple truths for our complex lives

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And if you'd like to buy a copy of that book, which apparently an awful lot of people are, there's a link to it at Amazon in the show notes. Gretchen, thanks for being here.

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Do you have good mental health? I don't think I really know what that means exactly, to have good mental health. Don't we all have our little quirks and issues? And isn't your mental health largely the result of your childhood? Maybe, maybe there are some things we can do to steer our own mental health in the right direction. That's what Dr. Drew Ramsey is here to reveal.

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So awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. I encourage you to read more about it on their website. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of Mito Pure. Go to timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E dot com slash something.

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He is a board-certified psychiatrist and an assistant clinical professor of psychiatry at Columbia University. He's author of a book called Healing the Modern Brain, Nine Tenets to Build Mental Fitness and Revitalize Your Mind. Hey, doctor, welcome to Something You Should Know. Hi Mike, great to be with you.

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So I like that term mental fitness because it implies, like physical fitness, it is something you can do yourself to make better. But I'm not sure I know exactly what mental fitness is. So can you explain that?

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And so when you say it improves mental health, what does that mean? What does improved mental health look like compared to pre-improved mental health?

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The things like diet, and I know you talk a lot about that. What's the connection? What's the science? Because I don't think people think of that as, you know, we hear things like sugar makes kids hyper kind of science, but that's not, from my understanding, real science anyway. But the connection between food and brain seems tenuous.

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When you hear the term comfort food, you know exactly what it is. And comfort food has a couple of interesting characteristics. Hi, and welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. By definition, comfort food is food that helps us find comfort when we need it. It is especially appealing when we're feeling sad or lonely or rejected.

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So one of the things that I think people, at least I'm not clear about when it comes to food is How big a difference in your diet do you have to make? Is it what you add to your diet, what you take away from your diet? You know, if you eat an apple, what is that going to do anything? Or do you have to completely revamp your whole way of eating? And then how much benefit is there?

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Is it a little bit benefit or is this just profoundly change who you are or what?

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Comfort food is most often food that we grew up eating as children. And comfort food can be different for everyone. In a study at the University of Buffalo, some participants said their comfort food was healthy food. For others, it was starchy, fatty food. Upon closer examination, the researchers discovered something pretty interesting.

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Comfort foods are often the foods that our parents or caregivers gave us when we were children. As long as we have a positive association with the person who made the food, then there's a good chance that you will be drawn to that food during times of rejection or isolation later in life. And that is something you should know. Do you know what an aphorism is?

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.. a, P P P P P P P P P G實 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , a in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in a. Ch Little P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Pத gi g� la� la� la� la� la� la� lapl inform lapl inform gà già già gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà gà g . . . .

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An aphorism is a concise statement that contains an expansive truth. Here's one. Here's another one. It's more fun to change the wallpaper than to fix the roof, but it's less important. Okay, so now you know what an aphorism is. Let me tell you about my guest, Gretchen Rubin.

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Gretchen's been here before, and I love having Gretchen here because, well, first of all, she's fun and happy, and she's made a whole career out of writing and talking about happiness. She's also very wise and insightful, and she has a new book out called Secrets of Adulthood.

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And she is here to talk about some of these, and I know they will ring true for you and perhaps even give you some clarity on what it means to be an adult. Gretchen is also host of the podcast Happier with Gretchen Rubin. Hey, Gretchen.

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Today on Something You Should Know, you probably have some favorite comfort foods, but why those foods? Then some great, quick, and insightful tips on how to be a successful adult.

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And so rather than go into a big long explanation about aphorisms, because that would kind of be contradictory, grab one, pick one, and talk about it as it relates to why you're talking in aphorisms.

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So as I go through and look at many of these, you know, some of them ring a louder bell than others. And I imagine everybody has that experience when you look at these going, yeah, yeah. Oh, yeah. That's like what we do every day matters than what we do once in a while. That that struck me. I mean, I like that one because it's well, because it's true.

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So can we pick a few and talk about them? Sure. So since you're kind of the queen of happiness, why not? I don't mean to crown you or give you a title.

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That there's no right way to create a happier life just as there's no best way to cook an egg. And I like that. That's so true.

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So you pick one or two that really either people say they like them or you really like them or you were kind of struck when you came across them or just grab a few.

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One day now will be a long time ago. I like that because we get so worked up and wrapped up in what's going on right now. And ultimately, you won't even remember this.

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Everybody can think back on Times in their life when they were so involved in something, and like you say, you think it's going to be like this forever, and the storm never lasts.

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Also, some wonderful benefits of drinking more water you may not know, and important ways for you to improve your own mental health.

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Well, I know a lot of people who I wish would get that. Yeah. Don't you? I mean, I hear that all the time. You know, the best way to do this or, you know, how you should do this. No, no, no. That's not that's not me.

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We're discussing the secrets of being a successful adult, and my guest is the wonderful Gretchen Rubin, author of the book Secrets of Adulthood – Simple Truths for Our Complex Lives.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. We talk quite a bit about health on this podcast, and I can tell you, I try to take care of myself. I mean, I work at it. And for a while now, I've been taking this supplement called MitoPure. And I can tell you, I feel stronger. When I exercise, I recover faster.

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So, Gretchen, one of the aphorisms you wrote, as soon as I saw this, a face popped into my mind, and I bet it happens to anybody else. A good friend can be a bad friend if they bring out the worst in us.

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But you say, but she's such a good friend. Well...

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Here's one that caught my eye that I'd like to get you to talk about. Repeatedly rehearsing for disaster doesn't protect us from it.

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You said earlier that sometimes people will say these back to you, that they read them and they struck a chord with them and that they would repeat them back to you. Give me an example of that.

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The New Science of Effective Weight & What Makes an Idea Scalable

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And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make. These are not frozen meals. These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good. I first had Factor Meals delivered to me, it's been a few years now, and everyone in the house has loved them.

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What's really special about Factor Meals is they're dietitian approved, and the variety is impressive. There are 40 options across 8 dietary preferences on the menu each week, and you can choose from preferences like Calorie Smart, Protein Plus, or Keto. What kind of meals are they? Well, I think you'd find these pretty tasty.

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Chicken Florentine with spinach and garlic chili cauliflower, Cajun spiced salmon and shrimp, garlic pork tenderloin. It's like a gourmet restaurant. And this is going to make it easy for you to try. Eat smart with Factor. Get started at factormeals.com slash something50off and use code something50off to get 50% off your first box, plus free shipping.

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That's code SOMETHING50OFF at factormeals.com slash SOMETHING50OFF to get 50% off plus free shipping on your first box. And I'll put that code in the show notes to make this simple. So, Dr. Johnson, I'm wondering, given all you know, all the things you've been talking about, how does this affect specifically what you eat and when you eat? Like, what did you have for breakfast this morning?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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And when you say to restrict carbs, you don't mean all carbs. You mean the carbs, the simple carbs, right?

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So what started this and when did it start? Because if you look back at pictures of people from the 30s or 40s or 50s or 60s, we didn't have as many overweight people as we do now. So why is that?

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So given all this about sugar and carbs and all this, what's the advice? What should we be eating and avoiding?

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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If sugar is such a big problem and activates this switch, then talk about sugar substitutes, because seemingly that would be a good solution to the problem.

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chemicals in some respects and you know we're still trying to figure out what they do and and how safe they are so help me understand the switch a little better in terms of how much sugar do you have to eat to activate it when does it just shut itself off is it a daily thing is it once you've activated it it stays on for a month i mean help me understand how it works

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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For so long, we have heard that fat is the enemy, that you're eating too much fat, that all this deep fried goo is making you fat and you're eating too many calories and you've gotta cut your calories. Is that no longer really part of the equation?

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Well, we've certainly come a long way from it's all about how many calories you eat compared to how many calories you burn. Obviously, there's a lot of nuance to this, and it's really interesting to hear the science behind it. Dr. Richard Johnson has been my guest.

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He is a medical doctor, professor of medicine at the University of Colorado, a leading researcher in the cause of obesity and diabetes, and his book is called Why Nature Wants Us to Be Fat. And you'll find a link to his book in the show notes. Thanks, Doctor. This has been really enlightening. Thanks.

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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I'm sure you've heard people talk about scalable ideas. That for an idea to be truly great, it has to scale. Not just business ideas, any ideas. Education or ideas in the community. Scalable is a real buzzword today. And to oversimplify... If you're selling your time for money, like a teacher, an accountant, a lifeguard, a taxi driver, that generally isn't scalable.

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There are only so many hours in the day you can work, so your potential success is limited. versus an idea that grows beyond just you. Uber and Lyft, for example, are scalable versus a single taxi driver, which is not. Again, an oversimplified explanation. But someone who knows a lot about this is John List. John is an economist. He was an economist at Lyft and has done a lot of research on this.

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He speaks on the subject and he wrote a book called The Voltage Effect. How to Make Good Ideas Great and Great Ideas Scale. Hey John, welcome.

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Sure. So let's start with an example that helps to explain scalability in a little more detail.

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So in other words, hiring 30 excellent teachers to make the program work is a relatively manageable task. Hiring 30,000 excellent teachers, and they have to be excellent to make the program work, that would be difficult. So the only way to make it scale would be to be able to hire 30,000 teachers, some of whom would not be so excellent, but the program would.

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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So give me an example that you think has been just an outstanding stellar success as a scalable idea.

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Hello, welcome to Something You Should Know. Have you ever gotten like a new shirt and got it home and you probably have heard something like you're supposed to wash it first before you wear it, but a new shirt never looks as good after you wash it the first time as it does when you take it out of the package, so maybe you wore it. Well, you really should wash it.

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One of the ideas that you write about that you say is not scalable is the DARE program. Why is that not scalable?

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Yeah, and to be clear, because I read about this somewhere else, when you say it didn't work is that it wasn't that effective in deterring kids who went through the program from not taking drugs compared to kids who didn't go through the program. But the DARE program is still around.

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When we hear about companies, businesses, ideas that scale well, you know, it's Amazon, Uber, Lyft, those kind of very big companies. But there are a lot of good ideas that aren't that scalable. And in fact, you talk about your father and your grandfather who are truck drivers. So talk about that.

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You see, many new clothes have a coating of formaldehyde to prevent wrinkles. And this formaldehyde can cause itching and skin irritations, and in extreme cases, even burning, swelling, and blisters. Now, some countries have strict limits on how much formaldehyde can be put on clothes, but the United States has none. However, testing has found that the levels tend to be pretty low.

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You did some research on the smart thermostat, which I think most people would agree is a great idea. A smart thermostat will save energy, will save money. I mean, it's a great idea. But your research was pretty eye-opening. So talk about that.

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But wait, smart thermostats are a big thing. I mean, I think most new homes that are built have smart thermostats in them. I think people believe they work. Couldn't it just be, even if they're not working now, this is just step one, that eventually they will evolve and people will get better at using them. And this is a necessary step to get to where, I guess, where you were hoping we would be.

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The good news is that all it takes is one washing before you wear those clothes to eliminate the problem. And that is something you should know. Just about everyone, it seems, is concerned with their weight, mostly that they need to lose some. If you're concerned about your weight, you've likely read or heard various advice about what causes weight gain and the best way to lose it.

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When you scale an idea, I imagine that how you pull it off, how you execute it, has a lot to do with whether or not it'll succeed.

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Can you give me an example?

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Since you were an economist at Lyft, give me an idea, give me an example of an idea that you came up with or worked with at Lyft that was a scalable idea.

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Only to find that that advice contradicts some other advice. Maybe it really just comes down to calories. If you burn more calories than you eat, you'll lose weight. If you eat more calories than you burn, you'll gain weight. But it all gets very confusing. Then there are all the fad diets. Now, if you're a regular listener to this podcast, you know we don't do fad diets here.

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Well, I've always wondered why.

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I imagine a lot of people, when they need a ride, they'll check both Uber and Lyft and compare the price. And sometimes they're close and sometimes they're not close. And I never understood why.

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We don't have people on to talk about the latest oddball weight loss breakthrough because most of the exciting news in weight loss turns out to usually be baloney. But one person who has spent a lot of time researching the latest science on this is Dr. Richard Johnson.

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Well, as I said earlier, the term scalable has become such a buzzword that, you know, oh, your idea has to be scalable. It's good to get some insight into what makes an idea scalable and not so scalable. John List has been my guest. The name of his book is called The Voltage Effect. How to Make Good Ideas Great and Great Ideas Scale. And you'll find a link to his book in the show notes.

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Thanks, John. This was interesting.

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Well, thanks. People generally smile because they're happy. But it may be a good idea to smile even when you're not happy. The simple act of smiling has a lot of benefits. For one thing, it's associated with a longer life. One study showed that genuine, intense smiling is related to a longer lifespan.

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Smiling also relieves stress, boosts your immune system, can lower your blood pressure, improve your mood, and make you look younger. But that's not all. Smiling is contagious and it makes you seem more approachable to other people. It also makes you appear more attractive and successful. All of that from just smiling. And that is something you should know.

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We rely on you to help spread the word about this podcast, so please tell someone, ask them to give a listen, and let them hear why you like Something You Should Know. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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He's a medical doctor, a professor of medicine at the University of Colorado, and he's been leading research in the cause of obesity and diabetes. His book is called Why Nature Wants Us to Be Fat, the surprising science behind why we gain weight and how we can prevent and reverse it. Hi, doctor. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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Sure. So I think a lot of people are skeptical when they hear, oh, there's new news about weight loss, because over the years, the advice keeps changing about what makes people gain and lose weight. So what is this new science that you're about to tell us? And how is it different than what we've heard before? And how do we know it won't change in the future?

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So when I think of fructose, I think of fruit, that that's the sugar in fruit. Isn't that fructose?

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So it sounds like you're saying since fructose is the sugar in fruit that we shouldn't be eating fruit, that fruit is fattening?

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Today on Something You Should Know... Is it really necessary to wash brand new clothes before you wear them? Then, a top researcher explains the latest news on weight loss and what really works to shed pounds.

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So the theory that has long been the basis for a lot of weight loss advice and seems to make a lot of sense is if you burn more calories than you eat, you will lose weight. And if you eat more calories than you burn, you gain weight. But you point out that there is more to it than that, that when it comes to your health, a calorie isn't a calorie.

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It's also about the types of food you eat or don't eat, particularly sugar. So explain that.

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But so often you hear that the real enemy in trying to control your weight is is carbs, pasta, rice, chips, those kind of things, which I don't sense have a lot of fructose in them. So how do you fit that into your narrative here?

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And you say salty food plays a role in this too. So explain that.

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I want to get an idea, based on all the things you're saying, how all this information trickles down into specific recommendations on what to eat, what not to eat, when to eat, all of that. But first, I'm speaking with Dr. Richard Johnson. He is a medical doctor, professor of medicine at the University of Colorado, and author of the book, Why Nature Wants Us to Be Fat.

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Also, how smiling, just smiling, will improve your health. And how good ideas scale and pivot their way to success or failure.

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Thank you so much for having me. It's a bit similar to something you should know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin. Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed.

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Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids. What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff.

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Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly. Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor. Factor provides delicious, chef-made, gourmet meals right to your door.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff. Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly.

Something You Should Know

How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. Think about all the online businesses selling products, ones that you probably buy. Mattel, Gymshark, Untuckit, Magic Spoon, all solid businesses. But a key ingredient to any successful online business is the business behind the business that makes the whole selling and checkout process work.

Something You Should Know

How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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And for millions of businesses, that business is Shopify. Shopify is the number one checkout on the planet. And the not-so-secret secret is something they have called ShopPay that boosts conversions up to 50%, meaning way less carts going abandoned and way more sales going...

Something You Should Know

How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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So if you're into growing your business, your commerce platform better be ready to sell wherever your customers are scrolling or strolling. On the web, in your store, in their feed, and everywhere in between. The fact is, businesses that sell more sell on Shopify. Upgrade your business and get the same checkout Mattel and Gymshark and millions of other companies use.

Something You Should Know

How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Sign up for your $1 per month trial period at Shopify.com slash SYSK, all lowercase. Go to Shopify.com slash SYSK to upgrade your selling today. Shopify.com slash SYSK. So TJ, I like what you said a moment ago. I like hearing about those four brain chemicals. What I'm wondering is, is there a flip side to this?

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Are there things we're doing that are actually suppressing those hormones that we need to stop doing as opposed to just finding things that will increase them?

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Also, why it's almost impossible to keep track of more than three things at a time and a different way to look at your financial life and well-being.

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And likely because of one of the things you just described.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Well, this is, this is so interesting. And, you know, we've all heard those stories or, you know, you know, laughter is good for you and raises hormone levels or, you know, listening to music or what about those things?

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So all of that stuff helps if you, but is there a formula to it or it's just the more you do, the better it is? Or, I mean, can you ever do too much of this or what?

Something You Should Know

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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than the dopamine that we're seeking for so that's kind of the main challenge occurring but that seems almost like an addiction to that's going to be really hard to stop if you're craving netflix and getting on your phone and eating a sugary meal i mean those things those are those are things that are hard to resist if you've developed a habit and or a liking towards them

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Seems like most of them would have to be sacrificed.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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So obviously there's a lot to consider in what you've said, but If you had to boil it down, what is the biggest challenge that people face as it relates to these four brain chemicals and improving them as best we can?

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This certainly sounds like, if addressed, could really solve a lot of problems for a lot of people. I appreciate you explaining all this. TJ Power has been my guest. He's a neuroscientist, international speaker, and the name of his book is The Dose Effect. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. TJ, this was very informative, and I appreciate you spending the time with us.

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Do you have an attitude towards money? In your eyes, is money good? Do you handle it well? Do you tend to spend more than you should? Do you really understand how much money you make and how you spend it? Well, let's take a look at your approach to money and your attitudes towards it with Vicki Raynall. She is a financial psychotherapist in private practice.

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She's been featured in The Financial Times, Good Housekeeping, The Telegraph, and Women's Health. And she's author of a book called Money on Your Mind, The Unconscious Beliefs That Sabotage Your Financial Well-Being and How to Break Free. Hi, Vicki. Welcome. Good to have you on Something You Should Know.

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So where do we get our attitudes towards money? And everybody seems to have a certain relationship with money. Where does it come from? And why does it seem so problematic much of the time?

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Yeah, I think examples would help here.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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So do people generally have a money personality? We hear about some people are spenders, some people are savers, some people are, are there some general buckets that people fall into?

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Do you find, and maybe you're People come to you because they're having a problem, so your answer might be a little skewed, but do you think people know when there's a problem, or do they think it's the result of outside forces and that's why things aren't going their way with money, but that it's not their fault?

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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When people say, I wish I was better with money, what does that mean? My sense is it means that they wish they had saved more, they invested more, saved for retirement, that kind of thing, as opposed to spend. But is that your experience?

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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So they just tend to ignore it. They just kind of put their head in the sand and just let money do whatever it does.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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It seems that maybe it's just my experience, but from what I can tell from other people as well, that money becomes a problem when you think you don't have enough of it. Nobody comes to you and says, Vicki, I've got so much money, I don't know what to do. It's usually a lack of money that causes problems.

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So I want to hear about the people who come to you because they have too much money because they're welcome to send me some if that's the problem. But what is it? What's the problem of having too much money?

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Hi, welcome and thank you for making something you should know part of your day today. I want to start by talking about a subject that people don't really like talking about, and that is car accidents. Because it seems that if you drive long enough, sooner or later, you will find yourself in a car accident. Hopefully not a serious one.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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How do you, well, is there blanket advice? I mean, how do you approach this?

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But there are some things you can do to stack the odds in your favor that you will not get in a car accident. These suggestions come from the editors of Edmunds.com. First of all, avoid the fast lane because that's where most crashes occur. If you're in the middle lane or the right lane, you have more escape routes to get out of the way of trouble. Scan ahead.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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One very common problem it seems people have, because you hear it talked about frequently, is people's inability to live within their means. That they overspend, they put things on credit cards, they don't really have a good sense of what they can and cannot afford, and that lands them in trouble. Is that a fair assessment?

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And so what's the advice to that? If people are doing that, do you think most people know that's what's going on or are they just scratching their head going, I don't know where all the money's going?

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So you've already answered this question as we've discussed throughout this conversation, but let me ask it directly. I already think I know the answer, but if someone comes to you, even before you know what the problem is, What's the advice? My sense is your advice is going to be, well, first start being curious, but is that it or is there more to it or is that not it or what?

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Don't just watch the car in front of you. Watch the car in front of it. If you're looking further ahead, you'll have more time to react if something goes wrong. Watch for blind spots. Don't trust your mirrors exclusively. Actually look to the left or right before changing lanes. Drive with your hands at 9 and 3 o'clock, not 10 and 2.

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Yeah, absolutely. That's a pretty alarming statistic that that many people don't know the difference between a debit card and a credit card. Well, all of what you've talked about is really enlightening. I've been speaking with Vicki Raynall.

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She is a financial psychotherapist and author of the book, Money on Your Mind, The Unconscious Beliefs That Sabotage Your Financial Well-Being and How to Break Free. There's a link to her book at Amazon in the show notes and I appreciate you coming on and talking about all this. This was great. Thanks, Vicki.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Did you know that it is basically impossible to keep track of more than three items at the same time unless all those items are the same color? So, for example, when you watch a football game, the common color of the uniforms allows you to overcome that limitation because everybody's wearing the same color, so you see the team as a single set.

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Team sports would be incredibly difficult to watch if everybody on the team didn't wear the same color. According to a study at Johns Hopkins University, the ability to only keep track of three items at a time is a fundamental limitation of the human brain. Almost everyone has it, and the only way to override that limitation is with color coding. This principle will work in other areas of life.

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For example, if you wanted to take seven kids to the zoo by yourself, it would be tough to keep track of all of them. But if they all wore the same color shirt, it would be a lot easier. In general, if you want to keep track of multiple things or people, Make them all the same color. And that is something you should know.

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If you enjoyed this episode, it would really help us if you would tell someone you know about it. Share the link. Let them listen to it. It helps grow our audience, and we would really appreciate that. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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This gives you the best chance to maneuver quickly to get out of the way. Judge a driver by his car. If a car has a lot of body damage or dirty windows, assume you have a lousy driver driving it and steer clear. And if you can, don't drive at night. In addition to you being tired and fatigued, so are other drivers. And it is at nighttime when drunk drivers are out in force.

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And that is something you should know. Let's talk about hormones, brain chemicals. Specifically, four of them. Serotonin, dopamine, oxytocin, and endorphins. There's a lot worth knowing and understanding about these things because your behavior can impact the levels of these hormones in your body. And the levels of these hormones can impact so much of your life.

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Here to help us understand how this all works is TJ Power. He is a neuroscientist and speaker and author of a book called The Dose Effect. Hey TJ, welcome to Something You Should Know. Mike, thanks for having me. So first of all, I guess what we should do is explain, have you explain what these four chemicals, serotonin, dopamine, oxytocin, and endorphins are and what they do.

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Well, those sound like good things to have.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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So what determines those levels of chemicals in my brain of those four things? Is it hereditary? Is it set? Or is it lifestyle and how I live can affect them up or down or what?

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And when you do those behaviors, whether it's video games or you're cleaning your house, you impact the levels of dopamine in your system. How much do you impact them and how long does that impact last?

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So what are the benefits? I mean, this seems a little obvious, but what are the benefits of doing this or even worrying about this rather than just trying to lead a healthy life? I mean, what's the benefit of really focusing in on this and saying, let's raise these levels?

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And so how much can you stimulate them and how do you know if you're doing it? I mean, do you do these things and all of a sudden you go, wow, my serotonin must be just raging?

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Yeah, well, my work deeply focuses my brain. So, yeah.

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How to Optimize Your Brain Chemistry & What Would You Do With More Money?

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Well, I like this part. I like talking to people.

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today on something you should know how to dramatically improve your chances of not getting into a car accident then brain hormones brain chemicals there are four of them that really impact your quality of life ask yourself

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We're talking about four brain chemicals that make a huge difference in your life. And my guest is TJ Power. He's author of a book called The Dose Effect. Thank you so much for having me. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.

Something You Should Know

The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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What about this advice that seems to come and go about taking a low dose aspirin every day?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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So I could give you some advice, but it probably wouldn't do any good, so I won't. Hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. In our desire to help people, it's just natural to offer them advice. Trouble is, people don't usually take it. And you know this because people probably tell you how to eat or drink or vote or dress or whatever, and you don't listen to them either.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Because what does that aspirin do?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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I've heard it said, though, that I've heard it recommended by heart doctors that There's nothing wrong with everybody taking a low-dose aspirin because there's very little harm that it could do, and if you have heart trouble, it could help.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Can people die from a broken heart?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Where's the technology with heart transplants and where's heart science going?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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So why doesn't offering unsolicited advice work? Research indicates that whenever someone tells us what to do and how to do it, we get defensive, because we want to maximize our personal freedom in decision-making. It's just human nature. So what does work?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Well, I really like how you've approached this topic of the heart, really through two lenses, the medical lens of what the heart really is and what it does, but also the cultural part of it, of how we tie the heart with emotions. This was really fun. I've been talking to Dr. Vincent Figueredo.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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He is a practicing cardiologist, and he is author of the book, The Curious History of the Heart, A Cultural and Scientific Journey. And there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Thank you so much, Vincent. This was great.

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Every important situation you find yourself in can cause you to question things. Questions like, can I do this? Do I belong here? What will people think of me? How you come to the answers to those questions can have a significant impact on you. It's probably something you haven't thought about a lot, but you're going to find this really enlightening. I want you to listen to my guest, Greg Walton.

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Research on observational learning suggests that while people will resist unsolicited advice, they will follow the behaviors of others, especially when there appear to be good and reinforcing outcomes from those behaviors. So instead of telling people what they should do, model the behavior and just stay quiet.

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He's co-director of the Dweck Walton Lab and a professor of psychology at Stanford University. His work has been covered in major media outlets, including the New York Times, the Harvard Business Review, the Wall Street Journal, and many others. He's author of a book called Ordinary Magic, the science of how we can achieve big changes with small acts. Hi, Greg.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Welcome to Something You Should Know.

Something You Should Know

The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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So explain in more detail what this ordinary magic is and how it works.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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So give me an example of that in action, in real life.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Of course, I just told you what to do, so telling you this completely contradicts what I told you to do. But you get the point. And that is something you should know. So you know what your heart is, right? It's that pump in the middle of your chest that's pumping blood all the time. And you want that because when it stops pumping blood, well, that's a big problem.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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But this whole idea applies not only to kids in the juvenile justice system, but this applies to everybody in life, right?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Today on Something You Should Know, why giving people unsolicited advice is a colossal waste of everyone's time. Then, a cardiologist reveals fascinating things about your heart you never knew.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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But the heart is unlike any other organ in the body because it is somehow all wrapped up with love and emotions. We write and sing songs about the heart. People get their hearts broken. Love makes the heart grow fonder. Love makes the heart beat faster. No other organ. I mean, your spleen doesn't conjure up any particular emotions, most likely, nor does your liver.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Do you think most of us have had an ordinary magic kind of moment on the receiving end of it? Like you said, everybody needs one of these irrational people. Have we all experienced it, do you suppose?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Yeah, I mean, I think my parents filled that role pretty well.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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What do we do with this? I mean, this is really interesting, and I think it makes people kind of reflect on their relationships and how they've dealt with people and how they've been dealt with. But is this then a philosophy by which to live by, or is this something to just notice when you see it, or what do we do with this?

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But the heart, well, that's something special. And here to tell you things about your heart you never knew about how it really works and how it all got mixed up with emotion is Dr. Vincent Figueredo. He is a practicing cardiologist, scientist, and professor of medicine, and he's author of a book called The Curious History of the Heart, A Cultural and Scientific Journey.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Doctor, welcome to Something You Should Know. Thank you very much. So this is such an interesting topic because I've often wondered, and I'm sure many other people have, how the heart got mixed up with love in the first place, why we associate love with the heart, and why

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Why we still do, even though we now know that the heart really doesn't have anything to do with love, but we still write the songs and the poems and say the words that make it sound as if we still believe the heart and love go together. So how did this all begin?

Something You Should Know

The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Also, what's the difference between a habit and an addiction? And how anyone can have a huge impact on someone else's life.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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And even though we know now that it's not really true, the mythology lingers. I mean, we still write songs and tell stories and talk about my heart yearns for you, but your heart doesn't yearn for anything.

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Isn't that weird? And nobody says, oh, my pancreas yearns for you. I mean, nobody says that. But I think what you said in the beginning, though, is so true that because we can hear the heart, you can't hear your pancreas or your lungs. I mean, your lungs work, but it's a very deliberate thing you do with them. But your heart makes this noise that reflects emotions.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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So that's what must be where the emotions are.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Can you, in layman's terms, explain how the heart works? Is it really, really complicated, or is it basically just a pump?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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What's one thing about the heart that you suspect most people don't know that's really fascinating to you?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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Why is it so hard when someone dies and their heart stops beating, why is it so hard to start it back up again?

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The Amazing Things Your Heart Does & The Power You Have to Change Lives

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When we hear someone has heart failure, what does that mean?

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So we've heard for many years that heart failure or heart disease is the number one killer. And I remember hearing, and it's always stuck with me, that a common first symptom of heart disease is sudden death. Is it really that like out of the blue?

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We're discussing some extraordinary things about the heart with my guest, cardiologist Dr. Vincent Figueiredo. He's author of the book, The Curious History of the Heart, A Cultural and Scientific Journey.

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So Vincent, I'm curious, when people have heart disease and sudden death is the first symptom, is it really so out of the blue? Is it really that Bob was fine yesterday and today we don't know why, but boom, he's just dead?

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What about people who, you know, well, there's a family history of heart disease. You know, his grandfather died at 50 and his father died at 55. So it seems like you're doomed. Is it that powerful?

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If you live long enough, I've heard this about prostate cancer, that men who live long enough, they're going to get prostate cancer. It doesn't mean they'll die from it, but they'll get it. Is the same true of heart disease? Yes.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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Today on Something You Should Know, the interesting origins of food names you've wondered about but never knew. Then, we have a problem. Humans are social creatures, but we're not being very social.

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Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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and so you know maybe just like in the you know in the 70s and 80s where people started taking like physical fitness more seriously as a thing that they need to do to be healthy maybe we're seeing a time now where people can say you know what i want to be socially fit do you think it's a just a big part of this in a very fundamental way is electronics social media phones whatever you want to call it has just replaced it that instead of going to hang out your with your friends

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Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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you can sit on the couch and hang out with your virtual friends, and so you've just swapped one for the other.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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When you're out talking to people and presenting this idea, what's the reaction? What do you hear? I mean, do people go, I don't know what you're talking about? Or do they say, well, yeah, this is great. I've been waiting for this. What do you hear?

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And the first step is just to commit to doing it, I guess. You've got to realize that this is something worthwhile, a goal to pursue.

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Have you looked at, like, whether or not people... I remember people in my life that were great at this. And they're kind of an inspiration to like, wow, look how he navigates all these people and interacts and makes people happy when he talks to them. Like, wow, I'd like to do that. Is there any sense of that, you know, finding a role model for this is really helpful?

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You mentioned a moment ago a book called Bowling Alone. When was that out? It was released, I believe, in 99. I don't remember that, but I love that title because, and what does he say in that?

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Well, what did he conclude? Because a lot of that decline happened before social media came. And the internet. And not only those organizations, but just involvement in church and those kind of things all seem to go down the same decline.

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Every food has a name, but where some of those names come from will surprise you. Hi, and welcome to Something You Should Know. Food names are fascinating. For example, Philadelphia Cream Cheese. You would assume it must have started in Philadelphia, but it did not. Philadelphia Cream Cheese started in New York.

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Well, earlier, I stated an assumption that if people don't know it's a problem, It's hard to fix. But do people know this is a problem? Do people lament that, gee, I wish I had more friends, I wish I was more social? Or do people, I mean, I'm sure there's people in every camp, but generally speaking, the people who are struggling with this, do they know they're struggling with this?

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You know, I bet everybody listening has a sense that this is going on, that they've noticed this lack of social connection. And it's good to hear from someone who actually studies it and can quantify it to get a sense of just how big the problem is and what we can do to fix it. Jeffrey A. Hall has been my guest.

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He is a professor in the Department of Communication Studies and the director of the Relationships and Technology Lab at the University of Kansas. And he has a book out called The Social Biome, How Everyday Communication Connects and Shapes Us. And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes. Jeffrey, thanks. I appreciate it. Thank you, Mike.

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It was called Philadelphia because that city was associated with high-quality food products. Gatorade. Gatorade does not contain any alligator. It was a kidney specialist from the University of Florida who helped develop Gatorade, and the school's football team is the Florida Gators, so it was called Gatorade. What about spam? Not the email kind of spam, but the canned meat kind of spam.

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One thing you don't hear talked about a lot is nuclear power. And I confess, I don't know a whole lot about it, but my sense has always been that nuclear technology can produce more, better, and cleaner power than any other source... Except for the safety concern. What if something goes wrong?

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You mention nuclear power and people think of Three Mile Island or Chernobyl or the fact that nuclear power and nuclear bombs have the same origin. And for all of those reasons, and probably a whole lot more, there aren't a lot of nuclear power plants. But as you're about to hear, the people concerned about the safety of nuclear power plants aren't so concerned about it anymore.

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We have pretty much licked that problem. And in fact, there are 93 nuclear reactors in the United States. And in France, 70% of their power comes from nuclear reactors. So why aren't we building more of them? What is the future of nuclear power? Here with some insight into this topic is Marco Vischer.

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He's an award-winning journalist who has written extensively about climate policy and clean technology. And he is the author of several books, including The Power of Nuclear. Hi Marco, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So why isn't anyone talking about nuclear power? It doesn't come up much. I don't hear it talked about much. In all the conversations about energy and alternative forms of energy like wind and solar, no one ever mentions nuclear.

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Well, I find it really surprising that you, as a journalist who writes a lot about clean energy, that you are so pro-nuclear, because I don't know why, I would just think you would not be, but... But let's go back. When did nuclear power become a thing?

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It got its name from a contest. And there is no official explanation for its meaning, but most spam enthusiasts assume spam is short for spiced ham. Why is it called a Frisbee? Well, it comes from the Frisbee Pie Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut. They get the credit for this. The empty tins that the pies came in were perfect for launching across a field.

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Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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So the first nuclear power plant went online when?

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And so when did it fall out of favor? It seemed to have, you know, people that don't like nuclear energy point to Chernobyl and Three Mile Island and talk about nuclear waste and all that. At some point, because it seems like it came online and this was a great thing, and then something happened.

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The first plastic version was called the Pluto Platter Flying Saucer. Wham-O bought the rights to that and stamped Frisbee on it instead. And marshmallows, marshmallows started out as medicine. In the 1800s, juice from the roots of the marshmallow plant were extracted and cooked with egg whites and sugar. It was whipped up and given to children to soothe sore throats.

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So I'm sensing from what you're saying that despite people's fears about nuclear power, that in fact it is clean and it is safe. And if that is true, then why hasn't that truth that nuclear power is clean and safe, why hasn't that truth pushed nuclear power forward and pushed the critics aside?

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Well, I remember hearing another argument like, well, what if one of our enemies blew up a nuclear power plant and all this radiation escaped and that that wouldn't be good?

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But if you're right, and I don't have any reason to think you're not, but if you're right, if nuclear power is really so great, why aren't more people screaming from the mountaintops that we need more nuclear power plants?

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And that's why we have marshmallows. And that is something you should know. I'm sure you've heard the statement, the phrase, that human beings are social creatures. We need social interaction. It's critical for our well-being and survival. People need people. The problem is we're becoming less social, and many of us don't even realize this.

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How much nuclear power is there now? If you know, how many plants are there in the U.S. or around the world? And how much of our electricity comes from nuclear right now?

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What's the general mood of people? If you took the temperature of people, do they care? Are they pro-nuclear, anti-nuclear? Is it moving one way or the other? What is the temperature?

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This is a real problem, according to my guest, Jeffrey Hall. He is a professor in the Department of Communication Studies and the director of the Relationships and Technology Lab at the University of Kansas. He's co-author of the book, The Social Biome, How Everyday Communication Connects and Shapes Us. Hi, Jeffrey. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Hey, it's a pleasure to be here.

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Is there any other anti-nuclear power argument besides the safety, besides the concerns about the waste, besides what we've already talked about and what people have heard? Is there any other argument?

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Well, I freely admit that I know very little about nuclear technology and nuclear power, and a lot of what you said surprised me.

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But as you were talking, and this is kind of breaking the rules of being a good interviewer where I'm supposed to focus exactly on what you're saying, but I was Googling a few things that you were saying to see if it were true, and everything you said is backed up, that there isn't a lot of evidence to support the critics saying,

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of nuclear power, although there are critics and they do have their arguments. I've been speaking with Marco Vischer. He's an award-winning journalist who's written extensively about climate policy and clean technology, and his latest book is called The Power of Nuclear. And there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Marco, I appreciate you coming on and explaining all this.

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I'm sure you're familiar with the fact that people say um, ah, and you know a lot. These things are called speech disfluencies, and we say them while we're putting our next thought together before we speak. It's assumed that people have always done this throughout human history in all languages.

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But one researcher looked back through the literature for several centuries and could find no mention of people using um, ah, and you know. The first discussion of these things appears in early 20th century writing and seems to coincide with the beginning of the phonograph and the radio.

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So explain what you mean when you say that we have become less social. When did this start? Why did it start? And what are the consequences of it?

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After the 1920s, when radio really started to be popular, discussions of um, ah, and you know became widespread. And the assumption is that this is because with the invention of the phonograph and the radio, people could actually hear what they sounded like when they spoke and started noticing that people were saying um, ah, and you know. By the way, the very first recorded ah...

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was made by Thomas Edison in 1888. And that is something you should know. You know, we are always looking to attract new listeners, and you as a current listener, well, current listeners are the best source of new listeners because you tell somebody you like this podcast and suggest they listen, they're more likely to give it a try. So please tell people about Something You Should Know.

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It really does help us. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

3087.565

He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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Also, why people only recently started saying um, ah, and you know. And the renewed interest and push for nuclear power.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

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But if that's your way of being and you know no different, you don't even know there's a problem. So how do you even begin to want to fix it if you don't know that this isn't normal?

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How do you... You know, I see this, especially with younger people, when you're in a store or you're watching them interact with a stranger, like somebody that works at the store, that they're very... They're not very pleasant. They're not unpleasant. They just, it's very, you know, bottle of water, please. There's no play. There's no social interaction. It's just the transaction.

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And I see that a lot, that the people just don't engage.

Something You Should Know

Alone Together: The Decline of Social Interaction & Is the Future in Nuclear?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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But how do you convince people of that? Again, if they don't notice, if they don't see it, if they think what they're doing is fine, what are the benefits that you can point to and say, well, maybe if we did it this way, it would be better? How would it be better?

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Meaning pay attention and listen and participate. You got it. Is the goal then to convince people to do this or to convince people to help people to do this? Because, again, if they don't see it as a problem, then how are they going to say, well, this doesn't apply to me. I don't know what he's talking about.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster, which strikes close to home for me, having just been... through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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We're discussing the human need to be social and how many of us are not meeting that need. My guest is Jeffrey Hall, author of the book The Social Biome, How Everyday Communication Connects and Shapes Us.

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So, Jeffrey, I think people have heard the statistics that loneliness is on the rise, people have fewer friends, but it doesn't seem to be something that people, I mean, I don't hear a lot of talk about addressing the problem.

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A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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Yes, we all eat and chew our food, but we don't all eat and chew our food the same way. Hi, welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. I suspect every man has probably been told once or twice or more that he eats too fast and that he should slow down, enjoy your food. Is there really a gender difference in how men and women eat?

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What is the point of all of this? I mean, it's clearly fascinating, but what do we do with this? And therefore what?

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But it doesn't seem like you have to go back to hunter-gatherer days thousands and thousands of years ago to see a difference. There's a difference between today and 50 years ago or 100 years ago.

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Well, see, that's something that I have always wondered about because I can remember growing up, there was that neighborhood, and I grew up in the suburbs in Connecticut, and neighbors were social with each other. My mother used to walk into the back door of the house next door just unannounced for coffee in the morning every once in a while, and we had parties together.

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And that same neighborhood, that never happens anymore.

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Well, researchers in South Korea hooked up electrodes to the jaws of men and women and gave them some rice to eat. And the results? Men do eat faster than women, on average twice as fast. There are two reasons for this. First, men take bigger bites. And secondly, they generally chew their food faster than women. The advice is not for women to speed up their eating.

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A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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Right. And then it does seem that the smaller the community, the more social and the more everybody knows everybody.

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But it isn't just, I mean, the technology problem, I get that. And I've always been so fascinated by and disturbed by the fact that when you see people together who are on their phones with somebody else, why are they together? But I remember, I think I may have mentioned this on another episode of a similar topic, but I remember having a conversation with someone

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who I knew and, and, and I said, I met this guy and he lives on your street. Do you know him? And she said, I make it a point not to know my neighbors. And I thought, well, what an odd, what is the benefit of that? What, why? And I didn't really get an answer, but what a strange, I thought that was a very strange outlook on life that make sure you don't know your neighbors.

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Well, as I said at the very beginning here, this is an interesting topic that I don't think people ever think about, this difference between autonomy and social connection and why we need to balance them. I don't think people take this into account.

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I wonder if even in small communities where people were more social, if even they are less, they're still more social, but they're less more social because of technology and other things.

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Well, I find it interesting that you don't hear people lamenting about the loss of social connection. I don't hear people saying, I wish we got together with the neighbors more often. I wish that somehow, you know, we've grown accustomed to this, and I think for many people it seems all right. In other words, if you don't perceive a problem, then there's nothing to solve.

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It is for men to take smaller bites and slow down. At the very least, you reduce your risk of choking, but there are other health benefits to eating slower as well. People who eat slower tend to eat less, which is good for your waistline, and you will improve digestion when you eat more slowly. And that is something you should know. Humans have a need for social connection.

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Well, I've really enjoyed this conversation because it's opened up my eyes. I mean, this is something I've never really thought much about, this social paradox, but clearly it's a thing and it's important to understand it. I've been talking to William von Hippel. He's author of the book, The Social Paradox, Autonomy, Connection, and Why We Need Both to Find Happiness.

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And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes. William, thanks. You've been here before, and every time we talk, it's always interesting. Thanks. Thank you. It's fun to chat. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

1727.016

which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

1750.367

Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

1798.513

I'm sure you feel stress at times, maybe a lot of the time. But there's this interesting thing that we humans do, is we compound our own stress by worrying about the what-ifs. We have a problem, we might feel stressful, and then we pile on with, well, what else could happen? What else could go wrong? What if this doesn't work out? So now we're stressing about things that aren't even real.

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That's a lot of stress, a lot of unnecessary stress. And here with some insight into this and ways to really reduce the stress you feel is Jennifer Tates. She's a clinical psychologist and assistant clinical professor in psychiatry at UCLA. She frequently writes for publications like the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, and Harvard Business Review.

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She's author of a book called Stress Resets, How to Soothe Your Body and Mind in Minutes. Hi Jennifer, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So talk about human stress, why we do it the way we do it, why it affects us the way it does.

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We cannot survive and thrive alone. People need people. We've discussed this many times here. Yet people also have a need for autonomy to do things and have things our way and not be subject to the desires of the group. It's a tricky balance and there are a lot of reasons to believe that this balance has gotten out of whack.

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Well, that sounds horrible.

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Well, it makes you wonder why we do that in the first place. I mean, what purpose does it serve?

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Today on Something You Should Know, the problem with eating too fast and who's most likely to do it. Then, the price we pay for having fewer friends and less social connection.

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Well, I imagine, and you and I were talking before the conversation started about the fires in California because we're both close by. If you've lost your house, if you've lost everything, as I have friends who have, I can't imagine many things more stressful than that. I can't imagine making it worse in your mind than it really is.

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But maybe you do because maybe you think this is the end of the world when, in fact, you know, people adapt and recover and move on.

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Yeah, I have found when I stop myself, and I imagine most people have had this experience, that you can really work yourself up into a, you know, this is the worst thing that's ever happened to me. But if you stop and think about it, you know, you won't even be thinking about this a week from now or two weeks from now. But in this moment, it feels like the end of the world.

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Now, you may not have given this a whole lot of thought, but this conversation you're about to hear will fascinate you as you start to understand this social paradox between the need for connection and autonomy and why it is so important. Here to discuss it is William von Hippel.

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It does seem that there are people who handle stress better than others, just like naturally. They just seem to have that water-off-a-duck's-back kind of approach to life that nothing bothers them. And then there are other people at the end of the spectrum who take everything as if it's just the worst. And is it worth trying to move your position on that spectrum?

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before we even get into exercises to help.

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I'm sure everyone has had the experience of being in a very stressful situation and getting so involved and consumed by the stressful situation and how you're responding to it that you later look back and go, what was that all about? Why was I so stressed? Why did I react the way I did? I wish I hadn't done that.

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He's a former professor of psychology at the University of Queensland in Australia, a former professor of psychology at Ohio State University, and his research has been featured in the New York Times, USA Today, The Economist, the BBC, and many other places. He's author of a book called The Social Paradox, Autonomy, Connection, and Why We Need Both to Find Happiness.

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And so I'm wondering if you could talk about some first aid in the moment things that people can do. And sure, you have to remember to do them and make yourself do them. But some things in that moment of stress when things really feel out of control that you could grab onto and try to do that would really help.

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Hey, William, welcome to Something You Should Know. Hi, it's great to talk to you, Mike. So let's start with an explanation of what this paradox is between autonomy and connection and why it's important. And let me just have you explain that.

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Yeah, I love that one. And I try that one frequently that, you know, you should probably do the thing you exactly feel you shouldn't do or wouldn't do because that's what's going to make you feel better because you should go out to dinner even though you don't feel like it. And when you do, you'll feel better.

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What is it that goes on when people get in those kind of panicky modes? Road rage is perhaps a stereotypical example, but you get so upset, you get so stressed out, and later you look back and go, what the hell was that about? Why did I get so upset? Why did I get so upset?

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People often, I've heard the advice when you're stressed out is to, you know, write it down, to write down your thoughts and what's bothering you, that that somehow has a magical effect.

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Anything else or any real magic trick that we haven't talked about that really seems to resonate with people that you can share?

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Well, that is some great advice. And this is the perfect conversation for a podcast because people can go back and listen and re-hear what you said and get your advice again and implement it into their lives. Jennifer Tates has been my guest. She is a clinical psychologist and assistant clinical professor in psychiatry at UCLA.

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The name of her book is Stress Resets, How to Soothe Your Body and Mind in Minutes. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Jennifer, thanks.

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When you're writing a document on your computer, what font do you use most often? Some fonts are more attractive than others, and size counts. Research from Wichita State University revealed which fonts people find most appealing. Georgia and Times New Roman were rated the most attractive, while Arial, Courier, and Veranda were considered the easiest and most legible fonts.

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There is a font called Comic Sans, and you'll probably find it in your list of fonts that you have. Comic Sans came in last place. Size seems to matter, too. People liked Times New Roman when it was bigger. People like Veranda in a 10-point size and Ariel in a 12. And that is something you should know.

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If you had a podcast, and I listened to it all the way to the end like you just did, I would probably tell people about your podcast... So I'm going to ask you to do the same thing. Tell people about my podcast and ask them to listen. Send them the link. It's really easy to do. There's a share button somewhere on the app that you're using. I'm Mike Carruthers.

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A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one.

Something You Should Know

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The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

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A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

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Also, choosing the right font to use that's most liked and easily read. And the ways we deal with stress and why we're not very good at it.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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And can you give me an example, a quick example or two of the social paradox in life and in action?

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We know that? Do we, in other words, do rich people who cut themselves off realize they've cut themselves off and are therefore unhappy about it? Or do they think, well, I'm a rich person and that's what we rich people do?

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A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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And yet, in that case, it isn't either or. There are... you could say the suburbs where they're not, it's not rural, it's not little towns, but it's not big cities either. It's kind of somewhere in the middle. And what about those people?

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And so if you took a bunch of poor people and gave them a million dollars, would they become more autonomous and leave their friends behind? I mean, what's the desire there?

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We're discussing this social paradox, the need for autonomy and the need for social connection. My guest is William von Hippel. He's author of the book, The Social Paradox, Autonomy, Connection, and Why We Need Both to Find Happiness.

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So William, you said that poor people are more connected, have more connections than rich people. You also said that poor people are less happy. But we also hear that, but it's that social connection, that's what makes people happy.

Something You Should Know

A Paradox That Makes You Miserable & How We Amplify Our Own Stress

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So what is it about religious services that has this effect?

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The Surprising Toll of Life’s Daily Hassles & What Exactly is American Cuisine?

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Then if prescribed, you get the medication as part of a doctor-developed weight loss program, and it includes ongoing care and online support all at no additional cost. Through HERS, weight loss plans are more affordable with compounded GLP-1 injections starting at $199 a month with a 12-month subscription paid up front. Start your free online visit today at 4HERS.com slash S-Y-S-K.

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Now, I have Mint Mobile because, well, just do the math. There's how much you pay compared to Mint Mobile's $15 a month. And all plans come with high-speed data and unlimited talk and text delivered on the nation's largest 5G network. And you can keep your own phone with any Mint Mobile plan, bring your phone number and all your existing contacts with you.

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So, Sarah, it's interesting to think about it as we were discussing how one of the best ways to deal with or solve a problem is to get away from it, to not try to solve it, to think about something else, that it is in the getting away from it that the clarity comes.

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It also seems to me that when you're handling those day-to-day hassles, what you're saying to yourself, particularly about yourself, can have a real impact on how you view the problem, how you solve the problem. And trying to be conscious not to beat yourself up in your own head is probably a real helpful strategy.

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So far we've talked mostly about dealing with trouble, with hassles, with problems of everyday life and strategies to do that. But you had mentioned in the beginning of this conversation about vitality, about living life with, I guess, like a sparkle. So let's talk about that.

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So let's get rid of your overpriced wireless and get Mint Mobile's deal and get three months of premium wireless for $15 a month. To get this new customer offer and your 3-month premium wireless plan for just $15 a month, go to mintmobile.com slash something. That's mintmobile.com slash something. Cut your wireless bill to $15 a month at mintmobile.com slash something.

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What are some of the other science-backed strategies that people could possibly use to live their life, to have that vitality that you're talking about that we haven't talked about so far?

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So often, though, it seems that doing those things, doing something for somebody else or trying to develop relationships, those are all the things you don't want to do when things aren't going well. It's like you said earlier, it's exactly the opposite of what you should be doing is what you feel like doing.

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You know, that's so true. And you know, the perfect example is the thank you note. Nobody sends thank you notes. And one of the reasons is that it's like overstating it. It's like, you know, I'm grateful, but I don't want to sound like too gushy. And yet the person who gets the thank you note is like, oh, my God, that's great. That's great. Thanks for sending the thank you note.

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Something You Should Know

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It makes them feel wonderful. But people don't send them because they don't want to seem like they're too gushy.

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Well, you know what stands out to me in what you're saying is that, and this kind of ties a bow around all we've been talking about, is you really have to be intentional because it's so easy for life and the little hassles of life to knock you around, push you down, if you let it.

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And if you're a little more intentional about keeping those things in perspective, handling them in a way where you don't get... absorbed by them, and just doing the things that you're talking about that help you keep the right attitude as you work through the day makes a big difference. I've been speaking with Dr. Sarah Boardman.

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She's a clinical instructor in psychiatry and attending psychiatrist at Weill Cornell Medical College. She's founder of PositivePrescription.com, and she is author of the book, Everyday Vitality, Turning Stress into Strength. And you will find a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Thanks, Sarah. This is fun. Good conversation. Thank you.

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When you walk into an Italian restaurant, you pretty much know what's going to be on the menu. Same thing with an Indian restaurant or a Chinese or Thai or Japanese restaurant. We have a sense of what the foods from those cultures and countries are. And we have those kinds of restaurants all over the U.S.

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But if you go to other countries, do you see a lot of restaurants that call themselves American restaurants? And if you did find one, would you be able to predict what would be on the menu? Is there an American cuisine? What is American food? Well, that's what Paul Friedman set out to discover. Paul is a history professor at Yale University.

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He's author of a book called Ten Restaurants That Changed America, and his more recent book is called American Cuisine. Hi, Paul. Welcome to Something You Should Know. It's a pleasure to be here.

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When you go to other countries, I haven't really thought about this and I don't do that much international travel, but do you see countries that have, quote, American restaurants?

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Hi, welcome to Something You Should Know. I'm not a real big germaphobe, but when I first came across this first story I'm about to tell you about, I just, I ran to a sink and washed my hands. You know, even though we're becoming more conscious of germs and the need to clean and disinfect things, one thing many of us are not especially careful about is our cell phones.

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There are foods that I can think of that to me signify American food, you know, meatloaf, chocolate pudding. I mean, it just, there's something very American about it, that there is something that is American food.

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But are there foods that are rooted in America just because the ingredients are very American? I mean, there is a phrase about American as apple pie. Did apple pie start here?

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Do Americans, and I guess people in general, you typically eat as adults what you grew up eating, what you ate as a kid?

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Various studies have been published with headlines like, Your cell phone has more germs on it than a toilet seat. Which is likely true. But of course, not all germs are harmful. Still, when you think about it, your phone has a lot of opportunity to pick up germs and bacteria because...

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That's interesting. I never thought, because I have kids that like barbecue sauce and liked it from a fairly young age. That's

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When you look back at what Americans were eating in the 50s or the 60s, it seems very meat and potatoes, that there wasn't a lot of adventurous eating going on.

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And they changed in the 1970s because why? What happened? What caused the change?

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You take it everywhere, you put it down in all kinds of places on all kinds of surfaces, so it's exposed to a lot of germs that can hitch a ride. There was a video put out a while ago that showed that, for example, a toilet seat has about 1,200 bacteria per square inch, a kitchen counter has about 1,700, a checkout screen at a supermarket has 4,500 bacteria per square inch,

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I remember it. And you can look back and see, because people post ads, old print ads on Facebook and stuff of food from the 50s and the 60s, you know, jello molds and fondue. And my recollection is a lot of that stuff, TV dinners, was all horrible.

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Is there anything, like when you think of Italian food, you think of pasta, and it's all over the world, and you think of Japanese food, you think, I don't know, rice. But is there anything that Americans have exported to the world that is truly American? I'm thinking something like breakfast cereal or something.

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It's interesting that you say that a lot of things like breakfast cereal have not caught on in the rest of the world and yet our exports of fast food have. There's McDonald's everywhere. There's Kentucky Fried Chicken everywhere. That worked. That's right.

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A doorknob has about 8,600 and a cell phone has about 25,000. So it's really important to clean your phone and clean it often. There are products specifically designed for this job, or you can just use a gentle cloth with a mixture of 60% water and 40% isopropyl alcohol.

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You mentioned a few minutes ago pot roast. And I remember my mother used to make pot roast. We used to have it all the time. And so did everybody I knew. But if you wanted pot roast today, I don't know anybody that has. I don't know anybody that eats it.

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I have such fond memories of my mother and my grandmother cooking in the kitchen and I cook. And, you know, there have been lots of people who have tried to push that and reinforce that, you know, the galloping gourmet. And then more lately, you know, Chris Kimball at Cooks Illustrated and Milk Street has really tried to.

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push the idea that cooking isn't as hard as you think, you can do it quickly, and it can really taste good. But it doesn't seem to really catch on.

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uh you would think they would cook at home more but that's just logical and not the way you know psychology is not all logic and i've heard things like you know more people watch cooking shows than actually cook and that a lot of cookbooks and cooking instruction has had to get so simplified because like it used to say you know

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But you should not use conventional household spray cleaners because they're too harsh for the screen, or paper towels because they can be too rough and scratch the screen. And that is something you should know. Just the fact that you are alive and listening to this means you are well aware of how life can wear you down.

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butter the bottom of the pan and people were turning the pan over and buttering the bottom of the pan and putting it on the fire and it would light on fire. And all of that is so strange to me.

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I wonder why cooking shows on TV are so popular and yet cooking is not so popular or not as popular as it used to be. Because you would think that if you're watching this food be prepared on television and it looks so good and, you know, the people taste it and say, oh, it's wonderful, that that would inspire people to want to say, I'm going to make that.

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Do we know, and since you're an historian, was American cuisine, has it stayed more or less the same over the time America's been here, or did people in the 1800s eat vastly different food than we eat today?

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Yeah, there are those big events that come along and hit you hard, but what I'm talking about today are the little things, the daily hassles, those things that happen that shouldn't happen, but they happen anyway. And they're irritating, and they take up your time, and they create frustration and anxiety and... And you know what I mean.

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Well, this has been fun to take a look at what American food is, how people around the world perceive it, and how it's evolved over time. Paul Friedman's been my guest. He's a professor at Yale University. He's author of a couple of books. His most recent one is called American Cuisine, and you'll find a link to that book in the show notes. Thanks, Paul. Okay, thanks so much for having me.

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Happiness doesn't heal, but it may protect you from getting sick in the first place. This is according to a report by some Harvard researchers who looked at 30 studies on happiness. What they discovered is that happiness does not lengthen the life of people who are seriously ill already, but it does seem to protect healthy people from becoming ill in the first place. Why?

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Well, it appears that unhappiness causes chronic stress, which can suppress the immune system, and so people get sick. Happy people are also more likely to adopt a healthy lifestyle. So cheer up. Happiness appears to be strong, preventative medicine. And that is something you should know.

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This podcast continues to grow, due in large part to people like you telling people you know and getting them to listen. I'd appreciate it if you would do that. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. There is a fascinating and unique podcast I'd like you to check out, as I have. It's called Only One in the Room.

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A few years back, Laura Cathcart Robbins attended a writer's retreat where out of 600 attendees, she was the only black one. So later she wrote about her experience and the article went viral because people understand what it feels like to be the only one in the room. Only one in the room is for anyone who has ever felt alone in a room full of people. I bet you've had that feeling.

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Listen and you'll hear guests like Hilary Phelps, sister of Olympian Michael Phelps, sharing her story of her secret addiction. Former Fox News reporter Christine O'Donnell, who was fired after one of her social media posts was taken out of context. Only One in the Room was named a top podcast by Reader's Digest, The Manual, and Bustle Magazines.

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Every week, Laura and her co-host Scott Slaughter invite you to join them for an hour and lose yourself in someone's only one story. Check out Only One in the Room wherever you get your podcasts.

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Most of us likely don't have much of a strategy to deal with these inevitable, seemingly minor events. So meet Dr. Sarah Boardman. Sarah is a clinical instructor in psychiatry and attending psychiatrist at Weill Cornell Medical College. She's founder of PositivePrescription.com and author of the book, Everyday Vitality, Turning Stress into Strength. Hi, Sarah. Welcome.

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You got this. No, I didn't. Don't believe that. About a witch coming true? Well, I didn't either. Of course, I'm just a cicada.

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Today on Something You Should Know, what's the dirtiest thing you come into contact with every day? I'm sure it's close to you right now. Then, the importance of coping well with the little hassles in life.

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Thanks for coming on Something You Should Know.

Something You Should Know

The Surprising Toll of Life’s Daily Hassles & What Exactly is American Cuisine?

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Why should we worry about and talk about the seemingly small hassles that we all face every day? I mean, it's part of life. We deal with them as best we can. So as a psychiatrist, what do you see as the problem with all these hassles?

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well, who hasn't woken up in the morning, and it's a great day, and then life starts happening, and then this happens, and then this goes wrong, and the car won't start, and by noon, that great day sucks.

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Well, and you say that the antidote for this is vitality, which seems to be the thing that all these little hassles suck away from you. So what do you mean by that? And what do you mean by vitality? What is it?

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Yeah. Well, don't you think, though, that how you perceive your day is a lot of that is in your head, that if you're one of those people who just complains and complains about every little thing that happens and you see your day through that very negative lens, well, then that's your day. Somebody else could be having the same day and think it's a great day.

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It really depends on, don't you think, on how you perceive it.

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Also, can being happy improve your health? Sort of. And what is American cuisine? It's kind of hard to define.

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Well, it's interesting as we discuss this and zero in on it, I don't think people necessarily realize the toll that these hassles take because by their nature they're small and any one of them is probably not the end of the world and we deal with them individually and we don't realize the cumulative effect of these everyday hassles.

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And so you're suggesting that we create these uplifts in life to counteract and to fend off the wear and tear of all the hassles of everyday life by doing specifically by doing things like what?

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So I want to get a better sense of the timing of all this, just because it's my personality that if I have some hassle going on, if I just discovered, for example, that my credit card was billed for something it shouldn't have been billed on, it's hard for me to get up and go for a walk because I want to go solve that problem first. Then I maybe could go for a walk. What's the timing of this?

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All this today on Something You Should Know. How much do you spend on wireless service? What's your monthly bill? I bet it's a lot, especially if you have several people in your house with their own phones. However much you're paying, I think you can do better with Mint Mobile. Mint Mobile offers premium wireless for $15 a month when you purchase a three-month plan.

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Do you fix the problem and then go for a walk? Do you go for a walk and fix the problem while you're walking? Or do you just push everything aside, go for a walk and come back? What's your sense of that?

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Yeah, well, that truly is my experience, that if I sit here and try to hammer out a solution, it's a lot harder and probably a worse solution than if I go take a shower and then things just pop into my head. Psychiatrist Dr. Sarah Boardman is my guest. The name of her book is Everyday Vitality, Turning Stress into Strength.

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If I asked you what's one thing you'd like to do right now to improve yourself, your health, your well-being, I suspect near the top of that list is drop some weight. So if you're struggling with losing weight and need some extra help, it's time to check out HERS.

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The Surprising Toll of Life’s Daily Hassles & What Exactly is American Cuisine?

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Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Often it seems that peer pressure is, I don't know, it's just so random. The influence just happens. It's why your mother didn't want you hanging around with the wrong crowd, because just because you were with them, their influence would rub off on you and you would behave like them. But sometimes it seems more organized, like stopping smoking. I mean, fewer, far fewer people smoke now.

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Hi, hey, here we go with another episode of Something You Should Know. And we're going to start today with one of my pet peeves. And that's when a doctor or a dentist consistently makes you wait well past your appointment time before they see you. Now, I understand things come up and occasionally it happens, but it's when it happens all the time. I don't know.

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Because of peer pressure, but it all got a kickstart from things like high taxes on cigarettes, a lot of places banning cigarette smoking in the buildings. It became, that kind of pushed it along.

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Mostly, though, we've been talking about big things, drinking, smoking, drugs, solar panels. You know, that's an expensive investment. But does this all work on every level? In other words, if you hang out with kind people and watch them being kind, you're more likely to be kind. But it's really kind of hard to put your finger on kind as opposed to smoking or drinking.

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Do you know if peer pressure is the same in all cultures or is it particularly a Western thing that peer pressure has so much importance and significance?

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What's so interesting about this is that peer pressure just has to happen. You can't force it on somebody. You just have to model it. It has to be something that's very organic in daily life as opposed to a goal, like we're going to change his behavior by pressuring him.

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I guess it's because if I made appointments with people and showed up 40 minutes late all the time, that would be a problem. And apparently I'm not the only one who is bugged by this. According to a survey, one in five patients say they have switched doctors because of long wait times. I would be part of that one in five. 30% of patients have left a doctor's appointment because of a long wait.

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Are there any other examples, the one you gave about solar panels, like when one house puts solar panels on the roof, it drastically increases the chances that other people in that neighborhood would do the same thing. Are there other examples like that that's kind of keeping up with the Joneses, I guess, but...

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Can you think of an example of peer pressure where if I thought about it at the time, I would realize, oh, this is peer pressure and maybe not fall for it?

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Yeah. Well, it's really interesting that we're influenced in so many ways by our peers without knowing it, recognizing it, being aware of it at all. And we're doing the same thing to other people.

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Well, it really makes you think about all the people that maybe have influenced you in your lifetime and all the people you have influenced somehow in your lifetime. Robert Frank has been my guest. He is a professor at Cornell University's Johnson Graduate School of Management. The name of his book is Under the Influence, Putting Peer Pressure to Work.

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Now, the average wait time is about 20 minutes, and Stephen Reimer of the Yale Medical School has studied this problem and says nobody should have to wait more than 20 minutes without a good explanation. And that's the other thing. Anticipated wait is a lot easier to take than not knowing how long you're going to wait. So if it's going to be longer than 20 minutes, someone should tell you.

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And as I always do, I have put a link to that book that directs you to Amazon in the show notes. Thanks for being here, Robert. Okay, good to talk with you, Mike.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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There has no doubt been times in your life when you have felt shy. Often when I think of times I have felt shy, I also had that feeling of being intimidated by the situation or by someone. So everybody feels shy sometimes, and some people feel shy a lot of the time. So what is shyness? What's the difference between a shy person and an introvert?

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How do you make sure shyness doesn't become a problem? Here to discuss all this is Lynn Henderson. Lynn is the founder of the Social Fitness Center and the founder and co-director of the Shyness Institute. And she's author of The Shyness Workbook. Hi Lynn, welcome. Thanks so much, Michael. Glad to be here. So everybody knows what shyness is and what it feels like, but how do you define it exactly?

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And it seems to me that it's pretty situational. I mean, I have felt shy sometimes and not felt shy other times.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Why is that? Is it just because you just don't feel secure or what?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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So does shyness serve a purpose? It seems like it's kind of protective in a way.

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If they don't, you should go to the desk and ask why you have to wait so long. Dr. Reimer says you should also tell the doctor, not just the staff, that this bothers you. People are timid when it comes to criticizing their doctor, but it's the doctor who sets the appointment policy. The doctor is responsible for your wait. No other business would survive if customers were kept waiting so long.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Yeah, because I would imagine that shyness tends to disappear if you're with people you know.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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How can you never be shy? I can't imagine going through life and never being shy, being so sure of yourself that you don't, or so I don't care that you could, you would ever say that.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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And when people say they're shy, do they usually mean that in a negative way? They're shy and I wish I wasn't?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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What's the difference between being shy and being an introvert?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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And so what is the prescription for shyness? I mean, it does seem, as you just pointed out, it can be charming. Maybe it's not something you fix. Maybe it's fine the way it is.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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That's interesting. You're right. If you see someone who's really good looking and they're not talking to anybody, you think, well, what a snob. How stuck up are they?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Today on Something You Should Know, what to do when your doctor makes you wait well past the appointment time. Then, understanding peer pressure. It's really interesting how peer pressure can determine how much you and your friends weigh.

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Well, it does seem oftentimes, just thinking of experiences I've had, that I'll walk into a room and feel shy right away, but it goes away pretty quickly.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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And doctors need to understand that your time is valuable. And that is something you should know. We've all heard the term peer pressure. I'm sure you know what it means. Yet I've come to learn from my guest who you're about to meet that that term is a bit of a misnomer, at least the pressure part. It's not so much pressure when you think of pressuring someone or coercing someone.

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Yeah, but not a lot better. I mean, it's still not the same experience as speaking in front of strangers.

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Yeah, because you can only do one thing at a time, I guess, or your brain can only do one thing at a time. And if it's doing that, it's not telling yourself how horrible you are.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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What in your mind is the difference between shyness and problematic shyness?

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I'm getting the impression that your work and your experience is that the more you do the things that make you feel shy, the less shy you will feel in the future.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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But it does seem that even if you're afraid to ask Susie out, and you finally do, and maybe the relationship doesn't work out too well, so now you need to ask Becky out, that having asked Susie out doesn't make it any easier to ask Becky out.

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It's more about modeling behavior. Your behavior that you model influences other people's behavior. And your behavior is influenced by other people's behavior. Probably more than you imagine. So how does this all work exactly? What makes it so powerful? And how can we best use peer pressure to get people to change? Well, joining me is Robert Frank.

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You just said positive expectations. And, you know, I think of the, hey, you don't want to go out with me, do you? Kind of, you know, that's not really telegraphing positive expectations that it is in the ask.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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But when you say it will work out, what will work out?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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It just may not be Susie.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Is there something about shyness and not wanting to be the center of attention? Is there some connection to that?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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My sense is that shy people in the Monday morning quarterbacking of a social interaction are pretty hard on themselves.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Well, on one hand, it's encouraging to hear that the more you push past your comfort zone and make an attempt to be social, the easier it will get. But as hard as it might be, you've got to just get up the nerve to go out and give it a try and meet people.

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He is a professor of management and economics at Cornell University's Johnson Graduate School of Management. He has been a columnist for The New York Times for more than a decade, and he is author of the book Under the Influence, Putting Peer Pressure to Work. Hi, Robert. Welcome. Nice to be with you, Mike. So everyone's heard of peer pressure.

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So everyone's been in the situation where you're at a party or you're at a function and you see someone you want to talk to, but you don't. You just, there's something that holds you back from saying something. Is that shyness?

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I remember somebody saying, you know, that shy people are concerned about what other people think and evaluating them negatively. And you know what other people are thinking? Nothing. They're not thinking about you. They're thinking about themselves. And they're not negatively evaluating you. They're probably more worried that you're negatively evaluating them.

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That's got to help when you realize that you're not the only one, that everybody has moments like this and that there is comfort in numbers.

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Well, I think a lot of us think of shyness as like a character trait. Like, you know, he's tall and he's kind of shy. But shyness can be a real problem. So it's good to hear that if it is a problem. you can do something about it. And even if it isn't a problem, it's nice to know that everybody has dealt with this and that we all struggle with it at some time or another.

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Lynn Henderson has been my guest. She's founder of the Social Fitness Center and co-director and founder of the Shyness Institute. The name of her book is The Shyness Workbook. And there's a link to it at Amazon in the show notes. Thanks, Lynn.

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I'm sure we've all had that experience, you know, when you just click with somebody. Not just in romance, but it happens in friendships, it happens in business relationships, and it sort of feels like magic. So what is it? What's going on? Well, research about people who click indicates that these encounters are actually more important than we once imagined.

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If a relationship does develop after you clicked, it is often more meaningful and passionate than if you didn't click right away. So what makes people click? Well, much of it is a mystery. But interestingly, a few things do seem to pop up. Shared adversity, for one. People who have been through similar tough times often click. Vulnerability.

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But how do we know it's a real thing and how do you measure it and how do we know it works?

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When you share your true self with someone, it is often reciprocated and a bond is immediately formed. And proximity. In a college dorm room, for instance, people are twice as likely to click with the person in the next dorm room than they are with the person two doors down. And the chances of clicking drops 50% with each door farther down the hall. And that is something you should know.

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One of the things that helps a podcast stay very visible is when people subscribe to listen or follow it. I know the industry is trying to change the terminology from subscribe to follow, but people still say subscribe. And all that means is it's free. And all it means is that once you subscribe, then the episodes are sent right to your device so you can listen to them as soon as they're available.

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It really helps us, so please, if you haven't already, become a subscriber or follower to this podcast. I'm Micah Ruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

Something You Should Know

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The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

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which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Also, why do you just click with some people but not others? And shyness. Why do we feel shy in the first place?

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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Well, I remember too that one of the arguments given for people to give up smoking was that if you have kids and you smoke, they're much more likely to smoke because their parents smoked.

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Because I'm an adult. That's what I heard anyway.

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Yeah, because I'm an adult. I don't want to spend too much time on the smoking example, but what I find so fascinating is that today, secondhand smoke irritates almost everyone. We don't want to be around cigarette smoke. It smells bad. It's annoying. But it didn't used to be. I mean, people's houses smelled. Airplanes were horribly stuffy with cigarette smoke. And nobody seemed to care.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

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The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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So the term peer pressure really isn't accurate. It isn't pressure. It's not trying to force someone to do something. Because if those people in the waiting room were sitting there fully clothed and told this guy, really, come on, take your clothes off, and pressured him to do it, he'd leave. He'd run.

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And it's so unconscious. It's not that someone is trying to get you to eat more or suggesting that you eat more. It's just being around people who eat more then you're likely to eat more and gain weight.

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It's so interesting to hear that because it doesn't feel like that. I don't feel like I'm being influenced by people around me in things like how much they drink or how much they eat, nor do I think I'm influencing them. But clearly from what you're saying, that is going on.

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We're discussing the science of peer pressure. And my guest is Robert Frank. He is a professor at Cornell University's Graduate School of Management. And he is author of a book called Under the Influence, Putting Peer Pressure to Work.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

940.124

Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

964.498

Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

The Startling Impact of Peer Pressure & Why Shyness Can Be a Plus

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So Robert, one of the things about peer pressure when it comes to parenting, for example, is that we hear that peers can have a greater effect on kids than their parents. Is that true?

Something You Should Know

How to Create Real Wealth & The Ways Technology Ruins Relationships

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Today on Something You Should Know, a strange reason why you sometimes feel cold even when you're not, then understanding what real wealth is and how to achieve it.

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Hi and welcome to Something You Should Know. In the winter, it's common to feel cold. When the weather is cold, you likely feel cold. But here's something weird. If you watch somebody else who is clearly cold, it's more likely to make you feel cold. Researchers in England showed subjects videos of people who were cold and noticed that the body temperature of the people watching dropped.

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Well, I love that example about Warren Buffett, because as you say, I mean, clearly he has all the wealth in the world, and yet he's 95, so people probably wouldn't want to change places with him. And it just shows you the value of time. And yet when we look at our own lives, we perhaps don't value our time as much as we should.

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Yeah. But people think, well, if you have a lot of time, or especially if you look at time as you have a lot of free time, that that's somehow... You're lazy. You don't have anything to do. That kind of time is not an asset.

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Talk about social wealth, because that's one kind of wealth that I think people tend to overlook, that friends and social connections can be like the first thing to go when there's something else to do.

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So how can being cold be contagious? Well, it seems that it's because we're social creatures and much of human success results from our ability to work together in complex communities. This would be hard to do if we were not able to rapidly empathize with each other and predict one another's thoughts, feelings, and motivations.

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And don't you think people have a sense of this, that we know we should be putting more effort into our social relationships and all that, but somehow it just gets pushed aside?

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Do you think, well, you would know, when you ask people to sit down and figure out what's important to them in these five areas, do people have the answer? Do they know if they think about it, or do they have to really struggle with that?

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Well, this is such a different way of looking at wealth and really a more comprehensive way of looking at wealth, all kinds of wealth that all add up to a happy life. And I appreciate you sharing it. Saw Hill Bloom has been my guest. He is an entrepreneur and managing partner of SRB Ventures, which is an early stage investment fund.

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Interestingly, they also showed subjects videos of people who were visibly hot, but it did not cause the people watching to increase their body temperature. And that is something you should know. Stop for a moment and think of someone who is wealthy. And most likely, you thought of someone who has a lot of money. Money is how most of us measure wealth.

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He's author of a book called The Five Types of Wealth, A Transformative Guide to Design Your Dream Life. And there's a link to that book at Amazon in the show notes. Sahil, thank you. I really enjoyed the conversation. All right.

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Isn't it strange that we have all this digital technology, the internet, social media, all these things at our fingertips that seemingly can bring us closer together? Yet in some ways it can be argued that these same technologies can also drive us apart. Here to make that case for you is my guest, Nicholas Carr. He writes for The Atlantic, The New York Times, and The Wall Street Journal.

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And he was a Pulitzer Prize winning finalist for a book he wrote called The Shallows, which he was here discussing a few years ago. His latest book is called Super Bloom, How Technologies of Connection Tear Us Apart. Hey, Nicholas, welcome back. Thanks, Mike. It's good to be here. So you claim, if I understand you correctly...

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You claim that the Internet and all these tools of digital communication are really incompatible with the way humans are meant to communicate and that it is worsening, not strengthening relationships. So if that's true, explain what you mean.

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So here's the thing, though. What you're saying isn't entirely news to people. We've all heard there are podcasts, there are books and seminars, and there's plenty of information out there about the dangers of digital technology, the dangers of social media. We've talked about it here many times. People already know this.

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But as you're about to discover, there are actually five types of wealth. And it's important to cultivate all five, not just financial wealth. Although that is one of them. But all five types are crucial to leading a satisfying life. And joining me to explain all this is Sawhill Bloom. He is a successful entrepreneur and the managing partner of SRB Ventures, an early stage investment fund.

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Okay, well now you've made the case that we have a problem and we need to change our behavior, but change it to what? What are we supposed to do?

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So give me some examples of that.

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He has a biweekly newsletter called the Curiosity Chronicle that has a big following. Sahil spent three years doing research and conducting thousands of interviews with people around the world on the topic of personal wealth. He's author of a book called The Five Types of Wealth, A Transformative Guide to Design Your Dream Life. Hi, Sahil. Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So explain why we're talking about this, because as I said, for most of us, wealth means money. So why do we need to dive deeper into these other types of wealth? So frame this picture for me.

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Well, this is something I think everybody who uses the Internet, which is everybody, thinks about. And listening to your research into this topic gives people—is more fuel for the fire that— something's going to need to change. I've been speaking with Nicholas Carr. The name of his book is Super Bloom, How Technologies of Connection Tear Us Apart.

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So what are the five types of wealth?

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And if you'd like to read it, there is a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes. Nicholas, thanks for coming on today.

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Particularly in the winter months, it seems, a lot of people experience nasal congestion, a stuffy nose. In fact, nasal congestion is one of the most common medical conditions in the country. It affects millions of people and costs billions and billions of dollars every year to treat. But here's the thing.

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Also, why a stuffy nose isn't really what you think it is. And while the Internet and all its tools can be great, the technology can also tear us apart.

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Nasal congestion is hard to treat because it's more of a sensation than an actual physical obstruction of airflow. In other words, it feels like you can't breathe, but air is actually flowing through your nose. Research shows that the feeling of nasal congestion has more to do with the temperature and the humidity of the air you breathe.

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Turns out that breathing cold, dry air helps reduce the sensation of congestion. This is because of sensors in your nose. Cooler air leads to a greater feeling of airflow and a less sensation of obstruction. And that is something you should know. You know, our business, the podcast business, is a highly competitive business. There are literally millions and millions of podcasts.

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So we're always trying to get people's attention and have them come listen to our podcast. And you can help by just telling a person or two that you know that you listen and suggest that they do. You can even send them the link and suggest they listen so they too will hopefully become a regular listener. I'd appreciate that. I'm Mike Carruthers.

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Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one.

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The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

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He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

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3046.364

The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

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And what does that mean to feel rich? Seems like if you feel rich, whatever your definition of feel rich is, then you're rich.

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So how do you determine that? How do you come to that conclusion that enough is enough, that this is enough, when we're bombarded with messages that, oh, you should want more. Oh, you should get a bigger house. You should get a better car. You should do more.

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All this today on Something You Should Know.

Something You Should Know

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Do you find that people who seem to have one of the five types of wealth pretty well handled have the others well handled? Or if they have one handled, then the others don't do so well? What do you see?

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So explain to me, because I don't think people think of investing in these things, what investments in the other four look like. Examples would help.

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Before you go on to investments in the other types of wealth, let me just remind people we're talking to Saul Hillblum. He is author of a book called The Five Types of Wealth, A Transformative Guide to Design Your Dream Life. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to.

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832.213

The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster.

Something You Should Know

How to Create Real Wealth & The Ways Technology Ruins Relationships

855.548

which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you.

Something You Should Know

How to Create Real Wealth & The Ways Technology Ruins Relationships

878.903

Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

Something You Should Know

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So, Sahil, you talked about investments in time wealth. Let's talk about the other wealth. Let's start, say, with social wealth.

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So Caroline, that example you just gave a moment ago of you and your daughter, if I were in your shoes, it would never even really occur to me to validate what she was feeling. I would rush to correct her why what she's feeling is wrong.

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What MitoPure is, is a precise dose of something called Urolithin A. I've read a lot about it. It's a natural compound. that's produced by gut bacteria. And MitoPure is this precise dose that encourages cellular renewal. MitoPure is the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And that's the thing.

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What happens when, what is it that happens when you validate me for whatever reason? What goes on in my head when I hear that?

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It's like a magic elixir that just changes everything. From what you're saying, it's not hard to do if you just remember to do it.

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I mean, I've heard of validation in this context for a long time, but is there like emerging science here or is this just kind of a tried and true method that people just don't use?

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See, it works on the cellular level. And with regular use, you'll see and feel the difference in the form of improved energy levels, more endurance, And when you exercise, you'll recover faster. As you get older, you probably know that you lose muscle strength. So this is important. MitoPure is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance without a change in exercise.

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I would imagine that one of the reasons people don't want to validate as I think about people that I know. To validate is... It's not to agree with them, but it elevates their position. It gives them some validation that what they think is correct.

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And I've been in situations with people where I don't feel like I want to do that, that I don't want to give them an inch of anything because I have my position and I think I'm right. And yet... As I listen to you, I think it probably would be helpful to validate for all the reasons you've said, but it doesn't feel right.

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Well, I'm really glad we had this conversation because, you know, I have and I'm sure everyone has heard about validation at times and how important it is. But I never really knew exactly how important it is or also how it worked and why it worked. And I appreciate you coming on and explaining this all. I've been speaking with Caroline Fleck.

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She is a licensed psychologist and adjunct clinical instructor at Stanford University and author of the book Validation. How the skill set that revolutionized psychology will transform your relationships, increase your influence and change your life. There's a link to her book at Amazon in the show notes. Caroline, thank you for being here and explaining it.

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So awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. I encourage you to read more about it on their website. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of Mito Pure. Go to timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E dot com slash something.

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Imagine how many words you say or write every day. And a lot of those words are pronouns. You know, he, she, we, they. Pronouns. And despite what you might think, pronouns are a fascinating category of words. All languages have some sort of pronouns, but English pronouns behave differently and have evolved differently than in other languages. Here to explain all this is John McWhorter.

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He teaches linguistics, American studies, and music history at Columbia University, and he hosts a podcast called Lexicon Valley. John is the author of 23 books, including his latest, Pronoun Trouble, The Story of Us in Seven Little Words. And since you use these pronouns all the time, I think you will be fascinated by the stories he's about to tell you. Hi, John.

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Welcome to Something You Should Know. Hi. Thank you for having me. So I get that you're a word guy, a language guy. You like that. But why pronouns? Why single them out? Why single them out and talk about them as a group?

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So give me an example. What is so interesting about pronouns?

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So I can say you and talk to you, or I could say you and talk to a group of people, hundreds of people, and it's still you.

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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So talk about I and me because I think people, well, I hear people get it wrong or what I think is wrong or maybe it isn't wrong. So talk about those.

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Do you know your blood type? You probably should and I'll tell you why. Hi and welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. There are four blood types, A, B, AB, and O. Blood types were first discovered in 1900, and the person who discovered them won a Nobel Prize for it in 1930.

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And yet who says it's a problem now? I mean, just English teachers?

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The idea that we... In your example, me and Billy went to the store. And when you're corrected, it's not only that you change me to I, but you change the order, that Billy always goes first. It's Billy and I, not me and Billy. Is that true in other languages? Does everybody else go first and you're at the end?

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of pronouns that's that would be quite unprecedented is it completely up to the whoever is speaking as to when to use the pronoun versus the noun is it just to mix things up i mean is is there a proper way to do it or it just sometimes you use the name and sometimes it's he

Something You Should Know

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Yet here we are, over a hundred years later, and science still has no idea why we have different blood types. However, knowing about blood types is what allows for life-saving blood transfusions.

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Earlier, doctors had tried blood transfusions, but unless they just happened to match up a donor and a receiver by chance who had the same blood type, or if the donor had universal type O, the patient would die. Because your immune system knows your blood type and recognizes another blood type as an invader it cannot defeat. In 1952, some people were discovered to have no blood type at all.

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It's called the Bombay phenotype, because Bombay, which is now Mumbai, is where the first people with this were discovered. It is very rare. One in 10,000 people in India have this, and one in one million people outside of India have it. And people with no blood type must get transfusions from other people with no blood type. Even the universal type O can kill them.

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And that is something you should know. There's a term in psychology I know you've heard before, validation. To validate someone is to acknowledge their experience. It's not agreeing or disagreeing. It's simply acknowledging the validity of what they believe. And it turns out to be a very powerful way to connect with someone and deepen the conversation and deepen the relationship.

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because you wouldn't have gone to college if you hadn't gone to high school. And that is something you should know. If you enjoyed this episode and you're not yet a follower of Something You Should Know, the app that you're listening to this on has a follow button so that you will get episodes delivered to you when they become available.

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So click on that, become a follower, and then you'll never miss another episode. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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So why does validation work so well? And how do you do it exactly? Well, here to discuss this is Caroline Fleck. She is a licensed psychologist, adjunct clinical instructor at Stanford University, and author of the book Validation, how the skill set that revolutionized psychology will transform your relationships, increase your influence, and change your life. Hi, Caroline.

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Today on Something You Should Know, why are there different blood types? And do you know yours? Then the new science of validation, validating another person's experience.

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Welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So, I just explained what validation is from my understanding, but let me have you start by putting a finer point on that.

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And can you validate someone that you don't like, you don't agree with, you have nothing in common with? Can you still validate them?

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Ah, yeah. I would think that's a huge difference because I've had people tell me things that I certainly don't. agree with, but I honor their right to believe and say what they believe and say.

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And you do that, why? What is the magic of validation? What does it do?

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And so can you give me some like very typical everyday examples of validations? Because we've been talking about it as something that people supposedly know what that is. But what does it look like?

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So if validation is so powerful, why don't we just do it naturally? Why don't we just kind of revert to that?

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Also, what hiring managers say should and should not be on your resume. And the strange world of English pronouns.

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What are some ways, because most of us don't deal with schizophrenics or governments or anything, but just like in everyday life with my kids or my wife or my, like, how would validation, some examples like that would be really helpful.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. We talk quite a bit about health on this podcast, and I can tell you, I try to take care of myself. I mean, I work at it. And for a while now, I've been taking this supplement called MitoPure. And I can tell you, I feel stronger. When I exercise, I recover faster.

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Well, that is such a great example, and I want to ask you a question about it. We're talking about the power of validation, and my guest is Caroline Fleck, author of the book Validation, how the skill set that revolutionized psychology will transform your relationships, increase your influence, and change your life.

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Yeah, like if I'm at the store and my wife wants me to pick up eggs, a text is probably fine. But only if I have the ringer on to hear the notifications, because it's happened plenty of times where she's texted me to get something and I didn't think to check my phone. I didn't hear the text come in and I forgot.

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And maybe if she had called, there would have been a better chance for me to feel the phone ring or hear the phone ring and get the eggs.

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I have noticed improved muscle strength and endurance. MitoPure works by promoting an essential cellular cleanup process. It clears out dysfunctional mitochondria. And it's the only urolithin-A supplement on the market clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline.

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But isn't there sort of a hierarchy of methods depending on how urgent it is? Like if you need to talk to me right away, call me. If you maybe need to talk to me pretty soon and communicate pretty soon, text me. If it can wait a little longer, email me. If it can wait even longer, send me a letter in the mail. But like there is this kind of, at least that's the sense I have of those methods. Yeah.

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So, look, I invite you to join me and awaken the strength, power, and resilience already in you with the first and only supplement clinically proven to rejuvenate health at the cellular level. And I'd love to hear about your results. Timeline, that's the company behind MitoPure. Timeline is offering 10% off your order of MitoPure. Go to Timeline.com slash something. That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E.

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So talk about video meetings, Zoom meetings, which have become pretty normal since COVID, where people, six, eight people will be on a Zoom call and everybody can see each other. And, you know, there's something about that that makes it more stressful than, say, just a phone call.

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And yeah, I suppose you can turn your camera off or not turn it on in the first place, but I think that sends a message that, I think it sends a message of either that you don't care as much, or maybe you had a bad night and you look like hell, or something. So you can't turn your camera off if everybody else's is on. What do you think?

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And there's just always the issue of, you know, you got to make sure you got to look at what your camera sees before the call. Make sure nobody sees your socks on the floor or, you know, whatever it is. And, you know, how's your hair look and all that? And what are you wearing? And it just seems like a lot of, I would just rather not.

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So I know you say that things like typos actually send a message, send emotion. Talk about typos.

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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Well, this is great because we all use some or all of these modes of communication you're talking about. And I don't think most of us think about, wait a minute, this would be better on a phone call. This would be better in a text. And it really does make a difference. Andrew Brodsky has been my guest. The name of his book is Ping, The Secrets of Successful Virtual Communication.

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And there's a link to his book at Amazon in the show notes. Thanks, Andrew. Really enjoyed having you on. Of course. It was a great conversation. For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience.

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Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show. Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster. which strikes close to home for me, having just been through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice.

Something You Should Know

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1709.286

He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels. Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts.

Something You Should Know

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1732.165

The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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174.144

And we're going to start today with some practical advice you can use in your life if you're a beer drinker. Hi, and welcome to another episode of Something You Should Know. We drink a lot of beer in this country, yet there are some misconceptions about beer and how to drink it. For example, people believe that beer should be served ice cold. Actually, it should be served at 44 degrees.

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You understand enough about money to know that you can't buy everything you want. That would be crazy. But maybe you could buy everything you love, really love. It's a unique way to look at how you spend your money and opens up a conversation you have probably never heard before. But you're about to hear it now as I discuss this with Jen Smith.

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Jen is a personal finance expert and co-host of the Frugal Friends podcast. She has written for or been featured in Forbes, Money Magazine, Business Insider, and others. And she is co-author of a book called Buy What You Love Without Going Broke. Hi Jen, welcome to Something You Should Know.

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So start by explaining the philosophy here, because you're not saying buy what you want, but buy what you love.

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But if you were to ask a bunch of people, what do you need? What do you want? And what do you love? That people are pretty clear about what's in those individual buckets?

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The reason is that taste buds become dead to the taste of the drink when it's served any colder than 44 degrees, which means you're really not getting the most enjoyment out of the beer. Drinking from a bottle is best. Well, not really. Much of the taste of beer or anything else is smell.

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Well, where in the equation, though, is like how much do you have? You've got to afford all this.

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So I get the philosophy, but maybe you could give like an example of some of, plug some things into those holes of what you're talking about. So for like example this instead of that or this, to get a better sense of like how somebody would go through this process.

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When you just gave that example, so maybe you buy the cut vegetables, but is there a goal there? How much are you going to save doing that, and how do you know that's worth it? There must be some sort of barometer or something there

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When you drink out of a bottle, the aroma doesn't make it to your nose because the bottle opening is too small. Many people believe that canned beer is cheap beer. But cans are actually a great way to protect beer. In the old days, beer in a can could sometimes take on an aluminum taste. But today, most cans have a water-based liner, so the beer isn't actually touching the aluminum.

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We all know people who seem to lead a simpler life. They're not driven by getting all the latest gadgets and the newest car and all that. And they seem quite content that way. And maybe it's a personality-driven thing, but then there are people who really want to have everything and are very, you know, let's call them materialistic.

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How do you decide, whatever personality you are, how do you decide what it is right now, with all the things that I would love to have, what should I have right now?

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Something that I think happens a lot is that people convince themselves that if I buy this thing, this car, this house, this computer, whatever it is, that that's what's going to make me happy. And they convince themselves of that. So they justify buying it. But in a short time, it's just a house. It's just a car. It's just a computer. It does what it does. We get used to it.

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Now you need something else because now something else is going to make you happy because that thing that you bought didn't make you happy for the rest of your life. And that that's what drives a lot of what people buy.

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You might think that all beer bottles are the same, but they're not. Clear bottles or green bottles might be pretty, but they don't do much to protect your beer from light. Light interacts with the hops in beer and can make it go bad. Dark beer bottles work best to help retain its flavor.

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So how do you monitor your spending? How do you keep track of this so you can make those right decisions?

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Well, I love that idea. I mean, whoever stops to think like you did, right? you know, I don't really like beer. Why am I doing this? And you just go along with the crowd or you go along because, you know, that's just something to do. And so why? Why do that? Why not do something you want or just stay home and read a book? But it makes so much sense.

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Now, you might think beer causes a beer belly, and maybe it does, but beer is not the worst offender in the alcoholic beverage category. Many cocktails are much more fattening than beer. Margaritas are probably the worst. And that is something you should know. When you choose to communicate with someone miles away or just in the other room, you have a lot of options.

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And yet I don't think people really stop and think, yeah, let's rethink this whole thing.

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But like you say, it is always a moving target. I mean, it's never like you do this once and now your life is fine. It's always shifting and changing, and you've got to kind of stay on top of it. And your needs change. Your desires change. I mean, what I wanted in my 20s is not what I wanted in my 40s. You know, everything changes.

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What happens when you throw into the equation the fact that you have debt to pay off? You have credit card debt, and you also have to live your life, and you want to do things that are important to you, but you also have that nagging debt that you need to attend to.

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Well, I love this, and I really like that idea of the 90-day review of your spending, and you discover you're spending all this money on beer, and you don't even like beer, so it became very easy to cut it out of your budget. But unless you actually do that kind of review, you never know. I've been talking with Jen Smith.

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You didn't used to, but now you can telephone or text, email, FaceTime. There's all kinds of apps. Or you could just walk over and talk to the person. What's interesting is that which mode of communication you choose to use sends its own message, which I don't think most of us think about. Some means of communication are much more effective than others depending on the circumstance.

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She's a personal finance expert, host of the Frugal Friends podcast, and she's author of the book, Buy What You Love Without Going Broke. And there's a link to her book at Amazon in the show notes. Hey, Jen, thanks for coming on and talking about this.

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If you've ever had a hostile boss, you know it can be very stressful because you just don't know how to deal with them. Well, there's some interesting research that says the best way to deal with a hostile boss may just be be hostile right back to them. Not by yelling or insulting the boss. That's not going to work.

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But rather doing things like ignoring the boss or acting like you have no idea what he or she is talking about or putting in a half-hearted effort. While these are passive-aggressive forms of retaliation, they do seem to work on several levels.

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In some interesting studies, they found that people who did not retaliate this way had higher levels of distress and less job satisfaction, as well as little commitment to their work. People who did retaliate in these passive-aggressive ways didn't seem to have those negative consequences. They also didn't feel that retaliating hurt their careers either.

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Today on Something You Should Know, some things you probably believe about beer that just aren't true. Then, how electronic communication can help or hurt your message.

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Also, a great way to handle a hostile boss and an insightful glimpse into how we spend our money.

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Plus, those employees who fought back gained the admiration of their co-workers. We tend to respect people who fight back and don't take the abuse, according to the researchers, and having the respect helps employees feel more committed to their work even if the boss is a jerk. And that is something you should know.

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Well, this is one of those episodes where I certainly learned a lot, and I hope you did too. And if you would like to share this knowledge with some people you know, that would really help us by helping to grow our audience.

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And somewhere on the player that you're listening to this on, whether it's Apple Podcasts or Spotify or CastBox or wherever, there's a button somewhere that you can share this episode easily with other people. and help us grow our audience. It's probably the best thing you can do to support this podcast. I'm Micah Ruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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For a long time now, I've been recommending The Jordan Harbinger Show as another podcast you might want to listen to. The Jordan Harbinger Show is different than something you should know, but as you'll see, it aligns well with this audience. Meaning, if you like this podcast, you're probably going to like that one. The Jordan Harbinger Show.

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Each episode is a conversation with a different, fascinating guest. Recently, he had on Amanda Ripley talking about how to survive an unthinkable disaster, which strikes close to home for me, having just been... through the fires and mudslides in California and evacuated twice. He also spoke with Jay Dobbins, who's a former ATF agent who went undercover with the Hells Angels.

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Now that's a conversation worth hearing. And listening to his conversations will make you a more critical thinker about the world around you. Check out The Jordan Harbinger Show, and there's a good chance it finds its way into your regular rotation of podcasts. The Jordan Harbinger Show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen.

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Here to dig a bit deeper into this and explain why it's important to understand is Andrew Brodsky. Andrew is a management professor at McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin and CEO of Ping Group. Andrew is author of a book called Ping, The Secrets of Successful Virtual Communication. Hi Andrew, welcome. Thanks for having me on, Mike.

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So let's start here, because I remember years ago when I first saw this happen, and it just bothered me. And that is how people will use electronic communication, meaning text or FaceTime, or even just the phone function on their phone, to communicate with someone who is 10 feet away. For example, my son might text me from his bedroom, what's for dinner?

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And he could easily get up and talk to me, but he doesn't. And I see this a lot.

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But I'm not sure he sees it that way. I doubt he would say, yes, I'm using low effort to ask what's for dinner. I think he sees it as the most convenient, efficient, and yeah, it takes less effort, but he doesn't see it as low effort. He sees it more as an efficient way to get the message to me.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Recently, I was asked to try a supplement called Mitopur and then talk about it here. And I said, well, let me check it out. So Mitopur is a precise dose of urolithin A. That's a metabolic compound that is clinically proven to target the effects of age-related cellular decline. And it's also found in small amounts in certain fruits and nuts.

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Well, to me, that's the big aha here, because I don't think people think about what message am I sending by the method I choose to send it. The means of communication in itself is sending a message.

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And I find it interesting that this is so not on people's radar. Like, I know people who will have very important, potentially minefield kind of conversations that I can't imagine doing any other way than in person, and they'll do it on text. And I think, wow, I mean, there are so many things that could go wrong here, and this is way too important to be texting about it. But they do. They do.

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there does seem to be like a timeline where these things become acceptable over time. It seems there was a time when you can't have that kind of conversation in a text, but it gets normalized because I guess so many people do it that then it becomes the, you know, the standard and for better or for worse. Yeah.

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We're talking about the different methods of communication we use and what message it sends. My guest is Andrew Brodsky, author of the book Ping, The Secrets of Successful Virtual Communication.

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Now, as I've talked about many times here, I work at staying fit and healthy. It's important to me. And when I researched some studies online and found urolithin A, which is what MitoPure is, is shown to deliver double-digit increases in muscle strength and endurance, and I saw that it was safe to take, I started taking it. And I've been taking it a while now, and I see a change.

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So, Andrew, is there a hierarchy of for me, an in-person conversation beats every other kind and text is probably at the very bottom of that list. But is that an objective list or is that a subjective list?

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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Thank you so much for having me. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin. Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed.

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Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids. What's so great about Curiosity Weekly is there's so much to learn about science and tech, and these guys seem to have their finger on the pulse of the most interesting stuff.

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Food science, the science behind social media, the science of algorithms, computer science, and it's all explained in a fascinating way every week on Curiosity Weekly. Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. So Margie, there are those things I'm thinking of. I can remember, for example, buying your first house, my first house. And it was tight.

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You know, it was like, boy, nothing better go wrong. There better not be a leak in the roof because, I mean, we are right at the edge here. Do you do it? Do you not do it? And, you know, if things had gone wrong, people would say, well, that was reckless. You really couldn't afford it. You shouldn't have done it. If things go well, go, oh, that was so brave. Boy, you really took a chance.

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But it could have gone either way.

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And listeners of this show get a $75 sponsored job credit to get your jobs more visibility at Indeed.com slash something. Just go to Indeed.com slash something right now and support our show by saying you heard about Indeed on this podcast. Indeed.com slash something. Terms and conditions apply. Hiring? Indeed is all you need.

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Of course, when you don't take a risk, you'll never know. And maybe that feels comfortable for some people that, you know, you can imagine, well, if I had, you know, if I'd done that, it would have just gone to hell. So I didn't do that. And thank God I didn't do that.

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I imagine we all know people who have that, I know people who have that ability to just not care. You know, they just, they don't worry about what's going to happen. They don't worry about what people are going to think. And they seem to have an advantage because they're not shackled by that anxiety of, yeah, but what if it doesn't work?

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Something you should know. Fascinating intel. The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.

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what will everyone say and so i think there is a real power here in being intentional about what you put your focus on i love that what you said about when we don't do something and we worry about what will happen that that is so much worse than what actually happens most of the time that it's that anticipation of horror is much worse than any horror that usually ever happens

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I would suspect that everybody listening has had experiences like you've been talking about, that there's something that they regret not doing or that they regret not doing sooner because it's more difficult now. And you've, I think, given people a lot of courage to move forward and do something, even if it's scary, because it's the courageous thing to do. Margie Worrell has been my guest.

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You know, as someone who enjoys grocery shopping, I noticed a long time ago, and I'm absolutely certain you've noticed this too, that no matter how hard you try, it seems like more often than not, you get in the checkout line that is slower than all the others.

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She is a leadership advisor and author of several books. Her latest is called The Courage Gap, Five Steps to Braver Action. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Margie, thank you. It's always a pleasure speaking with you.

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Dell Technologies is celebrating with anniversary savings on their most popular tech. For a limited time only, save on select next-gen PCs, like the XPS 16 powered by Intel Core Ultra processors, and more. Unleash more possibilities with cutting-edge systems, our most advanced features, and great prices.

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Is your home or workspace tidy? What does it mean to be tidy? What are the benefits? Some people seem to be naturally tidy. Others, not so much. Here to discuss the importance of tidy and how to do it is Tyler Moore. He's the creator of the popular Tidy Dad Instagram, TikTok, and website.

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Well, this phenomenon has actually been studied, and the reason why that happens, well, there's a couple of reasons, but one of the big reasons is that random interruptions, like a price check or a chatty customer, can really slow the line way down. And those interruptions can happen at any time and in any line.

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He's a public school teacher in New York City who has been featured on Good Morning America and in the Washington Post, the New York Times, and the New York Post. And he's author of a book called Tidy Up Your Life. Hi, Tyler. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks so much for having me. So let me ask you, when you hear the phrase, you write the phrase, tidy up, what does that mean to you?

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What does tidy up mean? Because I think it means different things to different people.

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Don't you think, though, that there's, I don't know if it's a personality trait or maybe there's a gene, but, you know, some people are just better at this than others. They like things in order and they make it a priority to keep things orderly. And other people don't and they're messier. And other people, most people are probably somewhere in the middle.

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Where do you think, to get specific here, where do you think is a good place to start if you are so inclined to tidy up?

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So if there are, for example, three checkout lines open, you have a two out of three chance of not being in the fastest line. The more open lines, the worse your chances. What's actually more interesting is really the whole system is flawed. If supermarkets did it the way banks and airports and hotels do it, you would actually get out of the store faster.

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I remember hearing the advice, and I've used it, is that when it's time when you finally get in that mood to do some of what we're talking about here, to start with some surface, some place that's very visible. And don't go clean the back closet. Clean something that you can look at and you'll see and go, yeah, that felt pretty good to clean that up.

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Yeah, makes all the sense in the world. And I think everybody has that tech problem. I mean, we certainly do. We have a drawer so full of cables that God knows what they're to. We probably don't even have the device anymore, but we still have the cables.

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What you just said about coffee cups made me smile because we have in our cupboard in the kitchen where we keep the coffee cups, I don't know, two dozen coffee cups. We use four of them pretty regularly, and the others just are in the back there.

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But we don't throw them away because, you know, Aunt Sarah gave us that teacup that no one has ever used in the history of the world, but we can't bear to throw it away. Right.

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And that is to have one line and have the person at the front of the line go to the next available checker. So why don't supermarkets do it that way? Well, room is a problem. There's really no place to put that line. But a bigger factor is customers don't like it. But here are a few suggestions. It's not just how long the line is.

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There is that thing, though, like we have all these coffee mugs, but it doesn't bother us enough to do anything about it. I mean, no one has even brought it up. We just kind of notice it, but we don't like it just hasn't risen to the level of we really need to do something about it. Probably if we get some more coffee mugs and we have no place to put them, something's going to have to give.

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I think everybody has struggled with organizing their kitchen properly. And I don't even really know what that means to organize your kitchen other than you pick a drawer and you put all the spatulas in there and now your spatulas are organized.

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If the cashier has someone bagging groceries for them, that line will move faster. Also, it's not just the number of people in line. People with a lot of items in their cart take a lot longer and slow the line way down. Another tip is, you know, just don't sweat it. Because it turns out there are probably plenty of times you probably were in the short line, you just tended not to notice.

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Since you talk to people and people watch your videos and communicate with you, what are the other big problem areas that people seem to talk about?

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And you know that space is full of stuff, but you have no idea what exactly is in there.

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Human beings are more likely to notice setbacks when things don't go right. But they often do. And that is something you should know. How many times have you not done something and later regretted it, perhaps saying to yourself, I wish I'd had the courage to do that. I wish I had been braver. It just seemed too risky. Yet courage is something most of us admire in other people.

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Well, it's like that kitchen junk drawer. We have that. And the only time anybody bothers to clean anything out is when you can't close it anymore because so much junk is sticking out of the top. And you look in there and you don't even know what most of the stuff is in there. And there's notepads and pencils that don't work and pens that ran out of ink and whatever.

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Because no one ever cleaned it. Stuff only goes in it. Nothing ever comes out. I found a dog license from a dog that had died like years ago, still sitting in the junk drawer.

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Do you think, though, that people really sit around and worry about this? I mean, you do, and the people who watch your videos and read your book clearly have a motive to want to fix something. But I wonder if just in general people really worry so much about this, or it's just some people.

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All these things that you're talking about, I think, nag all of us. And in many cases, it's not naggy enough to, like, want to do anything about it. It's just kind of frustrating. But I think you've given people some inspiration that it's really worth putting in a little effort to learn how things work, discover where things are, tidy things up, and it just kind of lightens the load.

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I've been talking to Tyler Moore. He's the creator of the popular Tidy Dad Instagram, TikTok, and website. And he's author of a book called Tidy Up Your Life. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Tyler, I appreciate you coming on and explaining all this. All right. Thanks, Mike. Thanks for having me.

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I came across an article several years ago about weird dreams that I always remember because I have been known to have weird dreams. And I found it again and thought I would pass this along to you because weird dreams, it turns out, could be a warning. A warning that you're really stressed out. The article quotes sleep researcher Rosalind Cartwright, who passed away a few years ago.

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She explains in this article that when your stress levels are high, your sleep cycle gets interrupted. She said, So if you've been plagued by weird or disturbing dreams, try to get a little more sleep and avoid caffeine and alcohol close to bedtime. And that is something you should know. The very best way you could support this podcast, and it takes very little effort, is to share it.

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Are those people born courageous or is courage something you can develop? And if so, how? Those are the questions Margie Worrell is here to answer. She is a leadership advisor, keynote speaker, and has worked with organizations such as NASA, Dell, Morgan Stanley, HP, Google, and Johnson & Johnson. She's the author of several books, including The Courage Gap, Five Steps to Braver Action.

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Send the link to someone you know, maybe a couple of people, and ask them to listen. It helps our audience grow, and that's what we're trying to do. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Also, the reason you may be having really strange dreams at night and the magic of tidying up your life and great suggestions on how to get started.

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Hey, Margie, good to have you here. Mike, terrific to be with you. So let's start with your definition of courage.

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Is courage, do you think, something some people are born with? There are people who seem very courageous. Did they come out that way or did they work on it or what?

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Today on Something You Should Know, why do you always seem to pick the slowest checkout line in the grocery store? Then, personal courage, how to do something brave that could change your life.

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But how do you tell? I mean, sometimes when you feel afraid of doing something. There's that little voice in your head that says don't. That might be something to listen to. Maybe you shouldn't. And maybe that voice is keeping you out of harm's way.

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So let's take a real simple example that I think anyone who went to high school can relate to. You know, the guy who wants to ask the girl on a date or to the prom or something, and he puts it off and he puts it off. And he knows, you know, he might get rejected. You know, maybe she's out of his league. But if he never asks, he'll never get the date. But asking, he's afraid of something.

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Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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So when somebody says to you what you just said, like, I don't want to feel those emotions, I don't want to get rejected, I'd really like to meet somebody, and I know it's not the end of the world if they say no, you would say what?

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I wonder if people who are courageous, people who are able to manage this well, if they have a lot of failures, if they try a lot of things because they're courageous, it would seem that many of them maybe weren't such great ideas, but they tried them anyway.

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Why You Are More Courageous Than You Think & The Magic of Tidying Up

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Why You Are More Courageous Than You Think & The Magic of Tidying Up

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finding the courage and bravery to do something important. That's what we're talking about with Margie Worrell. She's author of the book, The Courage Gap, Five Steps to Braver Action. I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor. Factor provides delicious, chef-made, gourmet meals right to your door. And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make.

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Why You Are More Courageous Than You Think & The Magic of Tidying Up

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These are not frozen meals. These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good. I first had Factor Meals delivered to me, it's been a few years now, and everyone in the house has loved them. What's really special about Factor Meals is they're dietitian approved, and the variety is impressive.

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Why You Are More Courageous Than You Think & The Magic of Tidying Up

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There are 40 options across 8 dietary preferences on the menu each week, and you can choose from preferences like Calorie Smart, Protein Plus, or Keto. What kind of meals are they? Well, I think you'd find these pretty tasty. Chicken Florentine with spinach and garlic chili cauliflower, Cajun spiced salmon and shrimp, garlic pork tenderloin. It's like a gourmet restaurant.

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Why You Are More Courageous Than You Think & The Magic of Tidying Up

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly and you'll discover things like how neuroscientists are studying TikTok and social media habits to see which chemicals are being released in your brain that make you so obsessed. Or how it is that you can fly from Florida to England on a plane using recycled plastic jet fuel. And how AI can now read hieroglyphics from Egyptian pyramids.

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Listen to Curiosity Weekly wherever you get your podcasts. I'm really excited to have Factor back as a sponsor. Factor provides delicious, chef-made gourmet meals right to your door. And just to be clear, this is not a box of ingredients that you have to make. These are not frozen meals. These are fresh, fully prepared meals ready to heat and eat in two minutes. And they're so good.

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I first had Factor Meals delivered to me, it's been a few years now, and everyone in the house has loved them. What's really special about Factor Meals is they're dietitian approved, and the variety is impressive. There are 40 options across 8 dietary preferences on the menu each week, and you can choose from preferences like Calorie Smart, Protein Plus, or Keto. What kind of meals are they?

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Well, I think you'd find these pretty tasty. Chicken Florentine with spinach and garlic chili cauliflower, Cajun spiced salmon and shrimp, garlic pork tenderloin. It's like a gourmet restaurant. And this is going to make it easy for you to try. Eat smart with Factor. Get started at factormeals.com slash something50off and use code something50off to get 50% off your first box plus free shipping.

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All this today on Something You Should Know. Every time I've had to hire someone, it had to be done fast. But as I've discovered anyway, hiring can be very time-consuming, and even still there are no guarantees. Which is why, when it comes to hiring, Indeed is all you need. Right? The trick to finding the right person is to make sure a lot of qualified people know about your job opening.

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That's code SOMETHING50OFF at factormeals.com slash SOMETHING50OFF to get 50% off plus free shipping on your first box. And I'll put that code in the show notes to make this simple. So, Margie, there are those things I'm thinking of. I can remember, for example, buying your first house, my first house. And it was tight. You know, it was like, boy, nothing better go wrong.

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There better not be a leak in the roof because, I mean, we are right at the edge here. Do you do it? Do you not do it? And, you know, if things had gone wrong, people would say, well, that was reckless. You really couldn't afford it. You shouldn't have done it. If things go well, go, oh, that was so brave. Boy, you really took a chance. But it could have gone either way.

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Of course, when you don't take a risk, you'll never know. And maybe that feels comfortable for some people that, you know, you can imagine, well, if I had, you know, if I'd done that, it would have just gone to hell. So I didn't do that. And thank God I didn't do that.

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And you see, Indeed has this thing called Sponsored Jobs. So your post jumps to the top of the page for relevant candidates. So you can reach the people you want to reach faster. And it works. Now here's what I think is the magic of Indeed.

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I imagine we all know people who have that, I know people who have that ability to just not care. You know, they just, they don't worry about what's going to happen. They don't worry about what people are going to think. And they seem to have an advantage because they're not shackled by that anxiety of, yeah, but what if it doesn't work?

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They take this process of hiring, which is something you probably don't do a lot or feel really skilled at, and they guide you through it so you end up with the right person for the job quickly. Plus, with Indeed-sponsored jobs, there are no monthly subscriptions, no long-term contracts. You only pay for results. There's no need to wait any longer. Speed up your hiring right now with Indeed.

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I love that what you said about when we don't do something and we worry about what will happen, that that is so much worse than what actually happens most of the time. It's that anticipation of horror is much worse than any horror that usually ever happens.

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I would suspect that everybody listening has had experiences like you've been talking about, that there's something that they regret not doing or that they regret not doing sooner because it's more difficult now. And you've, I think, given people a lot of courage to move forward and do something, even if it's scary, because it's the courageous thing to do. Margie Worrell has been my guest.

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She is a leadership advisor and author of several books. Her latest is called The Courage Gap, Five Steps to Braver Action. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Margie, thank you. It's always a pleasure speaking with you.

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Wagovi and Ozempic are not compounded. Actual price depends on product and plan purchased. Is your home or workspace tidy? What does it mean to be tidy? What are the benefits? Some people seem to be naturally tidy. Others, not so much. Here to discuss the importance of tidy and how to do it is Tyler Moore. He's the creator of the popular Tidy Dad Instagram, TikTok, and website,

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He's a public school teacher in New York City who has been featured on Good Morning America and in the Washington Post, the New York Times, and the New York Post. And he's author of a book called Tidy Up Your Life. Hi, Tyler. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Thanks so much for having me. So let me ask you, when you hear the phrase, you write the phrase, tidy up, what does that mean to you?

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What does tidy up mean? Because I think it means different things to different people.

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Don't you think, though, that there's, I don't know if it's a personality trait or maybe there's a gene, but, you know, some people are just better at this than others. They like things in order and they make it a priority to keep things orderly. And other people don't and they're messier. And other people, most people are probably somewhere in the middle.

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Where do you think, to get specific here, where do you think is a good place to start if you are so inclined to tidy up?

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I remember hearing the advice, and I've used it, is that when it's time when you finally get in that mood to do some of what we're talking about here, to start with some surface, some place that's very visible. And don't go clean the back closet. Clean something that you can look at and you'll see and go, yeah, that felt pretty good to clean that up.

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You know, as someone who enjoys grocery shopping, I noticed a long time ago, and I'm absolutely certain you've noticed this too, that no matter how hard you try, it seems like more often than not, you get in the checkout line that is slower than all the others.

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Yeah, makes all the sense in the world. And I think everybody has that tech problem. I mean, we certainly do. We have a drawer so full of cables that God knows what they're to. We probably don't even have the device anymore, but we still have the cables.

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What you just said about coffee cups made me smile because we have in our cupboard in the kitchen where we keep the coffee cups, I don't know, two dozen coffee cups. We use four of them pretty regularly, and the others just are in the back there.

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But we don't throw them away because, you know, Aunt Sarah gave us that teacup that no one has ever used in the history of the world, but we can't bear to throw it away. Right.

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Well, this phenomenon has actually been studied, and the reason why that happens, well, there's a couple of reasons, but one of the big reasons is that random interruptions, like a price check or a chatty customer, can really slow the line way down. And those interruptions can happen at any time and in any line.

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There is that thing, though, like we have all these coffee mugs, but it doesn't bother us enough to do anything about it. I mean, no one has even brought it up. We just kind of notice it, but we don't like it just hasn't risen to the level of we really need to do something about it. Probably if we get some more coffee mugs and we have no place to put them, something's going to have to give.

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I think everybody has struggled with organizing their kitchen properly. And I don't even really know what that means to organize your kitchen other than you pick a drawer and you put all the spatulas in there and now your spatulas are organized.

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So if there are, for example, three checkout lines open, you have a two out of three chance of not being in the fastest line. The more open lines, the worse your chances. What's actually more interesting is really the whole system is flawed. If supermarkets did it the way banks and airports and hotels do it, you would actually get out of the store faster.

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Since you talk to people and people watch your videos and communicate with you, what are the other big problem areas that people seem to talk about?

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And you know that space is full of stuff, but you have no idea what exactly is in there.

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Well, it's like that kitchen junk drawer. We have that. And the only time anybody bothers to clean anything out is when you can't close it anymore because so much junk is sticking out of the top. And you look in there and you don't even know what most of the stuff is in there. And there's notepads and pencils that don't work and pens that ran out of ink and whatever.

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Because no one ever cleaned it. Stuff only goes in it. Nothing ever comes out. I found a dog license from a dog that had died like years ago, still sitting in a junk drawer.

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And that is to have one line and have the person at the front of the line go to the next available checker. So why don't supermarkets do it that way? Well, room is a problem. There's really no place to put that line. But a bigger factor is customers don't like it. But here are a few suggestions. It's not just how long the line is.

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Do you think, though, that people really sit around and worry about this? I mean, you do, and the people who watch your videos and read your book clearly have a motive to want to fix something. But I wonder if just in general people really worry so much about this, or it's just some people.

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All these things that you're talking about, I think, nag all of us. And in many cases, it's not naggy enough to, like, want to do anything about it. It's just kind of frustrating. But I think you've given people some inspiration that it's really worth putting in a little effort to learn how things work, discover where things are, tidy things up, and it just kind of lightens the load.

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I've been talking to Tyler Moore. He's the creator of the popular Tidy Dad Instagram, TikTok, and website. And he's author of a book called Tidy Up Your Life. And there's a link to that book in the show notes. Tyler, I appreciate you coming on and explaining all this. All right. Thanks, Mike. Thanks for having me.

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If the cashier has someone bagging groceries for them, that line will move faster. Also, it's not just the number of people in line. People with a lot of items in their cart take a lot longer and slow the line way down. Another tip is, you know, just don't sweat it. Because it turns out there are probably plenty of times you probably were in the short line, you just tended not to notice.

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I came across an article several years ago about weird dreams that I always remember because I have been known to have weird dreams. And I found it again and thought I would pass this along to you because weird dreams, it turns out, could be a warning. A warning that you're really stressed out. The article quotes sleep researcher Rosalind Cartwright, who passed away a few years ago.

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She explains in this article that when your stress levels are high, your sleep cycle gets interrupted. She said, ideally, your dreams get progressively more positive as you sleep, so you wake up in a better mood than you were when you went to bed. But when you're stressed out, you wake up more often, which disrupts this process and allows unpleasant dreams to recur all night.

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So if you've been plagued by weird or disturbing dreams, try to get a little more sleep and avoid caffeine and alcohol close to bedtime. And that is something you should know. The very best way you could support this podcast, and it takes very little effort, is to share it. Send the link to someone you know, maybe a couple of people, and ask them to listen.

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It helps our audience grow, and that's what we're trying to do. I'm Mike Carruthers. Thanks for listening today to Something You Should Know.

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Human beings are more likely to notice setbacks when things don't go right. But they often do. And that is something you should know. How many times have you not done something and later regretted it, perhaps saying to yourself, I wish I'd had the courage to do that. I wish I had been braver. It just seemed too risky. Yet courage is something most of us admire in other people.

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Are those people born courageous or is courage something you can develop? And if so, how? Those are the questions Margie Worrell is here to answer. She is a leadership advisor, keynote speaker, and has worked with organizations such as NASA, Dell, Morgan Stanley, HP, Google, and Johnson & Johnson. She's the author of several books, including The Courage Gap, Five Steps to Braver Action.

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Hey, Margie, good to have you here. Mike, terrific to be with you. So let's start with your definition of courage.

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Is courage, do you think, something some people are born with? There are people who seem very courageous. Did they come out that way or did they work on it or what?

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But how do you tell? I mean, sometimes... when you feel afraid of doing something. There's that little voice in your head that says don't. That might be something to listen to. Maybe you shouldn't. And maybe that voice is keeping you out of harm's way.

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So let's take a real simple example that I think anyone who went to high school can relate to. You know, the guy who wants to ask the girl on a date or to the prom or something, and he puts it off and he puts it off. And he knows, you know, he might get rejected. You know, maybe she's out of his league. But if he never asks, he'll never get the date. But asking, he's afraid of something.

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Today on Something You Should Know, why do you always seem to pick the slowest checkout line in the grocery store? Then, personal courage, how to do something brave that could change your life.

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So when somebody says to you what you just said, like, I don't want to feel those emotions, I don't want to get rejected, I'd really like to meet somebody, and I know it's not the end of the world if they say no, you would say what?

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I wonder if people who are courageous, people who are able to manage this well, if they have a lot of failures, if they try a lot of things because they're courageous, it would seem that many of them maybe weren't such great ideas, but they tried them anyway. Yeah.

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Also, the reason you may be having really strange dreams at night and the magic of tidying up your life and great suggestions on how to get started.

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Finding the courage and bravery to do something important. That's what we're talking about with Margie Worrell. She's author of the book, The Courage Gap, Five Steps to Braver Action. Thank you so much for having me. It's a bit similar to Something You Should Know, which is why I think you'll like it, but it takes a different spin.