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TED Talks Daily

The new era of AI-powered protein design | César Ramírez-Sarmiento

17 Oct 2025

Description

With the advent of AI, scientists can develop new proteins at an astonishing rate, helping tackle our biggest biomedical and environmental issues. Protein engineer and TED Fellow César Ramírez-Sarmiento delves into the evolution of protein design and imagines a future where the next generation of Latin American scientists have the tools to explore nature’s untapped terrain and reshape the future of humanity.Interested in learning more about upcoming TED events? Follow these links:TEDNext: ted.com/futureyouTEDAI San Francisco: ted.com/ai-sf Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Audio
Transcription

Full Episode

0.875 - 20.554 Elise Hu

If you enjoy the ideas you hear on this show, did you know you have the chance to actually see the newest TED Talks live next month? This year's TED Next conference in Atlanta, Georgia is coming up November 9th through the 11th. And you can learn more about joining us there at TED.com slash future you. And there won't just be talks.

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20.77 - 41.916 Elise Hu

In addition to hearing world-class ideas from inspiring speakers like Jermaine Dupri, Sanjay Gupta, and Vivian Tu live, TED offers unforgettable interactive experiences, discovery sessions, and networking events. Witness history in the making, make connections that will last a lifetime, and get inspiration that might just spark your next big idea.

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42.296 - 76.157 Elise Hu

Go to TED.com slash future you or click the link in our show notes to learn more about TED Next. You're listening to TED Talks Daily, where we bring you new ideas to spark your curiosity every day. I'm your host, Elise Hu. Today's talk is part of our new 2025 TED Fellows Films adapted for podcasts just for our TED Talks Daily listeners. We'll be releasing these special episodes showcasing...

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76.137 - 96.728 Elise Hu

our amazing fellows on certain Fridays throughout the rest of 2025 and into the new year. The TED Fellows program supports a network of global innovators, and we are so excited to share their work with you. Today, we'd love for you to meet protein engineer, designer, and TED Fellow Cesar Ramirez Sarmiento.

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96.708 - 114.008 Elise Hu

What if we could take one of nature's fundamental biological building blocks, proteins, and redesign them to tackle some of humanity's biggest challenges? Cesar's lab is based in Santiago, Chile, and it uses AI to design new proteins with both therapeutic and environmental applications.

114.41 - 137.11 Elise Hu

His creative approach to protein design and AI shows why Latin America is emerging as such a leader in this space and why we should look to enzymes for everything from breaking down PET plastics to developing new healthcare solutions. After we hear from Cesar, stick around for his conversation with TED Fellows Program Director Lily James Olds. It's coming up.

143.468 - 166.607 César Ramírez Sarmiento

My name is César Ramírez Sarmiento. I'm based in Santiago, Chile. I'm a protein engineer and designer. Proteins are macromolecules which are composed of amino acids. They are made of 20 different types of amino acids. They are represented by letters. So you can imagine an alphabet of amino acids. And you can imagine that these amino acids are connected to each other like beads on a string.

166.587 - 186.587 César Ramírez Sarmiento

And so that allows for them to come together in different geometries. And so they get a shape. They get a three-dimensional structure that allows for them to dictate their functions. We have many different proteins with many different shapes that actually perform different biological functions in cells. They allow us to digest food.

186.567 - 208.209 César Ramírez Sarmiento

They allow us to transport ions for electrical signals to go through neurons. They allow for the expression of different genes that regulate how our cells or how our body responds. Proteins are the workhorse of cells. They are like a toolbox for cells to do whatever they have to do. Proteins have been evolving for millions of years for performing functions that are important for cellular life.

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