Menu
Sign In Search Podcasts Charts Entities Add Podcast API Pricing

Ella Al-Shamahi

👤 Person
344 appearances

Podcast Appearances

Radiolab
Creation Story

Latif, how do I pronounce your name?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because I'm pronouncing it the Yemeni way.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because it's used heavily by Yemenis.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Or how's your day going?

Radiolab
Creation Story

It's like, at the end, it's too much.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Everyone kept calling me Alaa, and I was like, I know I'm great, but you know.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The thing is as well, our story is kind of epic, man.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Our story's epic.

Radiolab
Creation Story

We lived in a world that was a bit like Lord of the Rings.

Radiolab
Creation Story

There was obviously the Neanderthals, which so many people have heard of, but there were all these other species, including one of my favorites, Homo floresiensis, who were basically these hobbit-like humans.

Radiolab
Creation Story

They were really short.

Radiolab
Creation Story

They were about three and a half feet tall.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Now, that means humans the size of penguins were living on this island in Indonesia called Flores.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And on this island, there were giant rats and elephants the size of cows.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So humans the size of penguins were hunting elephants the size of cows.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The Neanderthals of Asia.

Radiolab
Creation Story

We were constantly not succeeding.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And we did in the biggest way possible.

Radiolab
Creation Story

okay so what you're referring to there is something which i guess um i have not really known how to talk about um god up until quite recently in fact one of my friends turned around and said just last year you said that you might go to your grave with this wow yeah why why is why was why has this been so tender

Radiolab
Creation Story

I, you come from a religious background.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I did not know that.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I never get to have this conversation with people who have any kind of religious background, let alone a Muslim background.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I think my fear is that I do not want my story to be a stick to beat people who are in religious communities with.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The community was incredibly tight.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was incredibly protective.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was absolutely overprotective as well.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I didn't wear trousers.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I didn't wear makeup.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was an ultra-conservative community.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Where were you again?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Where did you grow up?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Birmingham, England.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, so my parents are Yemeni, but the community was kind of quite Pan-Arab.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And regardless of the denomination you came from or the sect or whatever, you were pretty much anti-evolution.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I really, really took to it.

Radiolab
Creation Story

No, clearly, you know, your family, clearly there were families and individuals who did explain things like that.

Radiolab
Creation Story

There was no space for evolution in my family.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And there was absolutely none in the missionary world.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So I personally believed that we were created in a week, basically.

Radiolab
Creation Story

God created us in a week, as in the whole world, including Adam and Eve.

Radiolab
Creation Story

They're very, very similar.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The one difference is that the Christians give God a day off.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Muslims are like, God doesn't need a day off.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, I became a missionary at the age of 13 and like traveled the UK being a missionary.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Well, I was speaking to more lapsed Muslims.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But also to the wider public.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Basically, you know, in the 90s, I was basically certainly in the 2000s.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Well, except that we felt like we had clearly been misrepresented by these lunatics, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

By these terrorists.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And also remember, our communities were therefore under more attack.

Radiolab
Creation Story

i'll say i was really young um i it was kind of the world i knew and i guess i have always been an all or nothing kind of person like i clearly do not know how to do things in halves and so i was like okay so this is the world around me i'm not going to just do it in the calm chill that way that i should have done it like my siblings you were more like hard hard edge about it maybe i think i was more hardcore hardcore you were more hardcore than your siblings

Radiolab
Creation Story

I mean, you know, if you were to speak to them, and I don't want to put words in their mouth, they're just like, you just didn't have any chill.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You know, so it's really funny.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So they look at me now and they're like, you still don't have chill.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like you just went from one extreme to the other.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It's just really funny because they're not wrong.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like, I could have just, you know, they're just relaxed.

Radiolab
Creation Story

We would have had thoughts about you.

Radiolab
Creation Story

No, no, I didn't do that.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So I was so struck that those guys wouldn't have even been my friends.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Except that I might have taken them on as projects.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Imagine you're a missionary and you're that age and you're good, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Your big thing that's hanging over you is what you're going to do at university, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, in our family, having a master's degree is the equivalent of a high school education.

Radiolab
Creation Story

All kinds of things.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Historians, some legal, but like theology kind of legal minds.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And my dad was very encouraging of us going into the sciences.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was like, I'm going to go study evolution because I'm going to destroy Darwin's theory.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I tackled the underlying assumptions of things.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You know, OK, so you're saying it's like this.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Well, actually, have you considered it's actually like this?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Have you considered the data could actually fall into this interpretation instead?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because I'm a missionary.

Radiolab
Creation Story

My whole purpose is like to bring people to the message, to bring people to God.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And one of the biggest reasons why they're not is that they believe that God doesn't exist.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And the reason for that is the evolution exists.

Radiolab
Creation Story

yeah, that whole monkey story ain't going to fly kind of thing.

Radiolab
Creation Story

They were like, hold on, hold on.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So you sat there in the interview and you were like, yeah, so I'm just going to be destroying your theory from the inside.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, that's right.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I just was like, I really want to study genetics.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I think it's amazing.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I love all the evolution classes, blah, blah, blah, blah.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I'm not happy with the fact that you used that word, but I guess it was.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because it was a lie of omission.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Well, actually, I guess it must have been a lie because when they ask you, why do you want to study this?

Radiolab
Creation Story

The actual answer is because I want to destroy this.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I clearly wasn't saying, ah, damn it.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Was this like a private mission?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Or did you talk to people about this?

Radiolab
Creation Story

The other missionaries all knew about this.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But it wasn't, you know, I was never turning around telling the, you know, other classmates who were.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I like the sound of that.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I mean, if you'd have known me at the age of 18, I was a dork.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So, the idea of being a double agent is somewhat hilarious.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Look, I was obsessed.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was a woman on a mission.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And so I turn up to University College London, which for those of you in the know is known as the godless place on Gower Street because it's the first university to have like allowed non-Church of England people to kind of join up.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I went to the Darwin building because Charles Darwin himself, he lived there.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And that was my department.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And by the way, it's kind of hilarious because I was like dressed in very, very conservative Muslim garb.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I wasn't even just in a hijab.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was in the full.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So I wasn't just in the head covering.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was in the full jilbab, which is like that full cloak.

Radiolab
Creation Story

By the way, not that there's anything wrong with dressing however you want.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I'm like, man, you just be you, you know.

Radiolab
Creation Story

There were a few girls in hijab actually, but they were interested in more medical genetics.

Radiolab
Creation Story

They weren't kind of doing what I was covertly up to.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I remember there was one girl who was also kind of vaguely associated with my world kind of thing.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And she was there and I was so excited because I thought I'd found like a partner in her.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was like, oh my God.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I was sitting there and I was like, right, so this bit of the theory, like I'm just thinking that actually there's a different interpretation that you can have for this data, blah, blah, blah.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And she just freaked out and she looked at me and she was just like, look, I'm here because this is a mandatory course.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I have to pass this evolution class.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Otherwise, I don't get my degree.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So there's like two things going on, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

So I'm just living my life being a missionary.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I have an arranged marriage.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Why am I imam, by the way?

Radiolab
Creation Story

My dad wasn't even involved.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was my first semester at university.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The imam suggested to me that, yeah, he wanted me to marry one of his children.

Radiolab
Creation Story

other um students and i was like okay and so that took a while excited about were you flattered was that did that feel good or did that feel icky you know what like i i didn't know him i had three chaperoned meetings with him to decide if i was going to agree to marry him and then we basically never talked ever

Radiolab
Creation Story

I can't explain it enough.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I just didn't know him, you know, and like, we had to get my dad to agree.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And so that took a while because dad didn't want me getting married before I'd finished my first degree.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And so we had to wait.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And so, you know, all of this was going on.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was, you know, traveling up and down, like doing this, doing that.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And at the same time, it's like, it's just constantly like picking at this, this, this theory of Darwin's, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

I mean, effectively, what I was doing was trying to unpack a massive puzzle.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Now, everybody else had already unpacked it 150 years ago.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I'm coming along being like, hold on.

Radiolab
Creation Story

We can just, we haven't thought of something.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And by the way, some people do that to great success.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Some people have won Nobel Prizes on the back of this.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I just picked the wrong puzzle.

Radiolab
Creation Story

the Drosophila fruit fly experiment.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So basically, because Drosophila live for such a short amount of time, you can basically like, you know, instead of it being, you know, a mountain pops up between two animals and it takes like, you know, hundreds of thousands of years for them to evolve.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You're doing it with Drosophila in a lab and you're kind of doing it in a much shorter time frame.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You're just kind of separating them.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And without getting into it, they were starting to see the process of speciation in the lab

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I was like, oh, that's not good.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But my only comfort with that experiment was that it was being done in the lab.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I just thought, okay, but that might not be happening in nature.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Maybe it's being forced in the lab.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Maybe in nature that wouldn't be happening.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like... Stratigraphy, just the layers of earth and that kind of sequence of animals that you get in them.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And they are broadly chronological.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And you do see an evolutionary process there.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And it's really, really hard to explain.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You know, forgive my language.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You're like the BBC, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

You can't broadcast swearing.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Sorry, I've been cleaning up my language.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, like you would be looking at these stratigraphic sequences and it was, you know, forgive my language, but it was a motherfucker because you were just like, right, we haven't gone from complex to simple.

Radiolab
Creation Story

By and large, we go from simple to complex or more complex.

Radiolab
Creation Story

and it was just a consistent pattern and it's very very hard to explain that

Radiolab
Creation Story

So then I was like, OK, theologically, the real, real issue is Adam and Eve.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So technically speaking, I can believe in evolution as long as it's not Adam and Eve, as long as it's not us.

Radiolab
Creation Story

We're the exception.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I can give a lot of ground.

Radiolab
Creation Story

All other species.

Radiolab
Creation Story

All the other billions.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And then what happened was I came across retrotransposons, which are very, very complicated to explain.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But basically, it's like a foreign organism's DNA within our own bodies.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The pattern of mutations...

Radiolab
Creation Story

within the retrotransposons that we have align on a family tree with what you would expect from evolution if you then looked at those same retrotransposons within chimps.

Radiolab
Creation Story

How does that, like, the only interpretation for the mutations that you find in retro-transposons is that it is evolution through descent with modification over, you know, hundreds of thousands.

Radiolab
Creation Story

There's no other interpretation.

Radiolab
Creation Story

This is the thing, because one of the arguments that, for those of you who don't know, one of the arguments that creationists use to explain, well, why is our DNA so similar?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Why is our DNA so similar to chimps?

Radiolab
Creation Story

They're like, yeah, but they look similar, and they have so many similar behaviors, and they have so many similar mechanisms.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And on one level, you're like, oh, okay, there is some logic to that.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Retrotransposons...

Radiolab
Creation Story

They're not functional.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It's not like, oh, it's a bit of DNA that helps me process, for example, water or helps me process carbohydrates.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It's a non-functional bit of DNA.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And yet its mutation pattern fits almost perfectly with an evolutionary family tree.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And it was just like...

Radiolab
Creation Story

it's just sorry that's the noise that you make when your whole life is about to fall apart that that exact noise is the noise you make and i was just in hell like i was in hell um there'd be times where i'd just be looking out my window just going oh my god like what is this like what am i gonna do

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, our marriage wasn't doing great.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Partly because we had an arranged marriage and we didn't know each other.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But partly for a number of different reasons.

Radiolab
Creation Story

One of which was this issue.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like, you know, he, like...

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was clearly struggling and then there was a moment just an awful moment which was kind of I was just in the shower and as you often do in the shower you're kind of just having a conversation with yourself um you're also you know bluntly naked and and you're very exposed but you're in a safe place right and I kind of I basically I basically tell myself I have to find the strength to be honest that I just I believe in evolution

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I just fell to the floor.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was hysterically crying.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was just so, so distraught.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And the reason I was so distraught at this point was that I knew that meant I was going to have to leave my world.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I had no idea what was going to happen with my family.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because, you know, it hadn't happened in my family before it.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But what I did know is it was going to drive a massive wedge.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because it's such an extreme thing in my world...

Radiolab
Creation Story

and say that you believe in evolution and um you know that's just we just didn't do that and by the way all cases where that did happen like let me tell you loads of those girls got cut off um thank god my siblings came through in the way that they did um how did they come through they decided to embrace me regardless um they decided that i was their sister regardless makes me want to cry

Radiolab
Creation Story

I didn't tell people.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I just disappeared.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I didn't tell people.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You just ghosted people?

Radiolab
Creation Story

I literally just disappeared.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And that's because I was a missionary and I knew the training.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And the training is if somebody, you know, falls, you go collect them, basically.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I did not have the energy.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And also, this is the strange thing.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I didn't want anyone else to follow me because I didn't want them to go through what I was going through.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was like, no, you know what?

Radiolab
Creation Story

You don't need to learn about evolution.

Radiolab
Creation Story

You just stay where you are.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was truly awful time.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I had no idea how to exist in a secular world.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Suddenly, every single thing did not have a rule attached to it, which you might think is freeing, except if that's the only thing you've ever known, that's terrifying.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was like you went into the bathroom with a left foot, you left it with a right foot, you wrote with your right hand, you went to the toilet with your left hand.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It's like every single thing is prescribed and suddenly it was like, good luck.

Radiolab
Creation Story

i didn't make eye contact with men yeah i literally never made eye contact with men i i i took my headscarf off and um i basically i turned up to the to like a gas station yeah and it was the most anticlimactic

Radiolab
Creation Story

And has probably informed a huge part of my personality since, because no man cared.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I had been told my whole life that my hair was like, and you've got to cover up because it's a fitna, it corrupts the earth.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It's a bad translation, but it's all these things you've got to do to not...

Radiolab
Creation Story

I don't know what it was, because let me tell you, nobody cared.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like, nobody cared.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I cannot express this enough.

Radiolab
Creation Story

There were no men dropping from my sheer beauty.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Nobody was fainting.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Nobody was doing anything.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like, nobody cared.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And it was so funny.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But it was, you know, it was quite an adjustment.

Radiolab
Creation Story

It was like, I've got to now learn to fit in.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And it's funny because I think anthropologists traditionally, and as you know, I am a paleoanthropologist, you know, you kind of go and sit with these exotic and inverted commas tribes and you kind of learn their ways.

Radiolab
Creation Story

and I was like my exotic tribe is just central London that's it me and I would sit there studying people's behaviour and like going alright so this is how they act okay so this is okay alright so that's you know I wrote a book about the handshake

Radiolab
Creation Story

Writing a book about the handshake does not come because somebody is like just casually not questioning.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Writing a book about the handshake comes when you are obsessively reading the behavior of every person around you.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because in your culture, you never shook hands with men.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I had this one friend who was just like...

Radiolab
Creation Story

oh, you must be so relieved to be free.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I was just like, do you understand the trauma that I've just been through?

Radiolab
Creation Story

I didn't want this.

Radiolab
Creation Story

This isn't what I wanted.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Certainly, like now, 10, 13 years later, I can look back and go, I'm glad that, you know, I'm not constrained by dogma unless I pick that dogma.

Radiolab
Creation Story

But, you know, let's not pretend that this is a fun world.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I mean, I'd definitely rather be here, but let's not pretend it's perfect.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like, I think the community thing is such a,

Radiolab
Creation Story

I think this is what I have found really, really, really difficult to explain to so many of my secular friends who are basically my tribe.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Now, let's be honest, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

I will never, ever, ever be in a community like that again.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I think religious communities are warm.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Your hot water goes off.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Everybody offers you their place.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Somebody ends up in hospital and people get angry with the hospital administration because they're like, what are you talking about?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Only two people during visiting hours.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And what's this visiting hours?

Radiolab
Creation Story

This person needs us all around the clock.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And it's just crazy.

Radiolab
Creation Story

kind of oh my god i feel i'm raising kids right now and i'm not raising them in the mosque that i grew up in and it's like it's sad it's i i i yearn it's so difficult it was like it was like i i didn't know who i was anymore and the people that were around me that would normally love me and and knew who i was they were all new to

Radiolab
Creation Story

I think it is no surprise that having gone through what I've gone through, that when I look at our story, the science of our story, that I feel something.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like I feel something.

Radiolab
Creation Story

We know that everybody from outside of sub-Saharan Africa, and even some people within sub-Saharan Africa, have some Neanderthal DNA in them.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And that can only be explained by, basically, one of our great-great-great-great-grandparents having sex with a Neanderthal.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So there's a scandal in the family, basically.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Now, usually, the way this would be presented is, oh, there's some Neanderthal DNA, so that means that there was some kind of intercourse, blah, blah, blah.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And instead it's like, hold on a second, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

That means that one of our ancestors, not like a theoretical, one of my and your ancestors was half-half.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I'm not mixed race, but I'm mixed heritage.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So I'm a British Arab, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Let me tell you, that was confusing growing up at times, right?

Radiolab
Creation Story

At times I was like, it's a bit weird.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I'm like, what would it be like to not just be mixed heritage, don't be mixed race, but mixed species?

Radiolab
Creation Story

Like, what would that have been like?

Radiolab
Creation Story

the mother have felt like how would she have felt would she have been sitting there hoping that the child would look more homo sapiens than neanderthal because you know she doesn't want them to get ostracized she doesn't want them to get wow like pregnant like like that mom is sitting there pregnant like thinking about what her baby whether her baby's gonna have a brow ridge or a chin or something seriously

Radiolab
Creation Story

Yeah, so we were the new kid on the block.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And for example, when we entered into Neanderthal territory, Neanderthal territory being kind of Europe and Northern Asia, we would not have had immunities to local diseases.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So when we interbreed with those people, it's effectively like a cheat.

Radiolab
Creation Story

So suddenly we end up with immunities to things that would have taken us ourselves tens if not hundreds of thousands of years to evolve for.

Radiolab
Creation Story

There are some really, really good examples, actually.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And the best one is the Tibetan example.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Are you familiar with this one?

Radiolab
Creation Story

So Tibetans live at obviously very high altitude.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And the genetic mechanism by which they are able to exist at high altitude is very different from the genetic mechanism that exists in other populations who exist at high altitude.

Radiolab
Creation Story

The mutation is actually one that they inherited off Denisovans.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I was so traumatized by it and still am.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Within a second, I could get quite upset about it.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I think when you've been through that, you are much more patient with people who deny the science, don't trust the science.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Because I understand that when I am trying to persuade somebody of a scientific point,

Radiolab
Creation Story

Nine times out of 10, I'm not trying to persuade them of one scientific point.

Radiolab
Creation Story

I'm effectively taking apart their worldview.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And because I've gone through that, I approach that with empathy by and large.

Radiolab
Creation Story

Doesn't mean that every so often I don't get irritated, but I just fundamentally at my core understand that when somebody has that belief, it's not one belief, it's a belief system.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And I then approach it as such.

Radiolab
Creation Story

What I find myself doing is I actually have less interest in debating that point with them and more interest in bonding with them as a person and showing them who I am and me seeing their humanity.

Radiolab
Creation Story

That's why it gently does it for me in terms of methodology.

Radiolab
Creation Story

And also fundamentally in my mind accepting that they may never believe me.

Radiolab
Creation Story

They may never accept my version of events and that's okay.