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I think the positives are, you know, look, there's pros and cons to any organizational structure. From our side, the pros significantly outweigh the cons. From the cons side, sometimes, and you've heard, I'm sure you've heard this criticism and feedback of AWS, which is sometimes it seems like it's not perfectly consistent or, you know, this XYZ feature is not,

I think the positives are, you know, look, there's pros and cons to any organizational structure. From our side, the pros significantly outweigh the cons. From the cons side, sometimes, and you've heard, I'm sure you've heard this criticism and feedback of AWS, which is sometimes it seems like it's not perfectly consistent or, you know, this XYZ feature is not,

supported across every single service yet or things like that. That is the downside of that organizational structure is your fit and finish across every single service is not always perfect, and sometimes it takes a little while to catch up to all of those things, which is expected as you're having a thousand different teams run at different paces on different things.

supported across every single service yet or things like that. That is the downside of that organizational structure is your fit and finish across every single service is not always perfect, and sometimes it takes a little while to catch up to all of those things, which is expected as you're having a thousand different teams run at different paces on different things.

supported across every single service yet or things like that. That is the downside of that organizational structure is your fit and finish across every single service is not always perfect, and sometimes it takes a little while to catch up to all of those things, which is expected as you're having a thousand different teams run at different paces on different things.

But the trade-off is we get to move really fast, we're super agile, we can respond to customer feedback really quickly. I think that is the other secret to that, that it's not just an organizing principle, but it is also you teach those teams to really listen to the customer. Truly, I'm sure every leader you have on here says they listen to their customers.

But the trade-off is we get to move really fast, we're super agile, we can respond to customer feedback really quickly. I think that is the other secret to that, that it's not just an organizing principle, but it is also you teach those teams to really listen to the customer. Truly, I'm sure every leader you have on here says they listen to their customers.

But the trade-off is we get to move really fast, we're super agile, we can respond to customer feedback really quickly. I think that is the other secret to that, that it's not just an organizing principle, but it is also you teach those teams to really listen to the customer. Truly, I'm sure every leader you have on here says they listen to their customers.

Amazon does a really good job of actually internalizing that all the way down to every individual contributor. And we think about how do we go solve customer problems? And when you're small and you're agile and you can make decisions, you can actually go solve customer problems really fast in your area. Those things play on each other and are helpful.

Amazon does a really good job of actually internalizing that all the way down to every individual contributor. And we think about how do we go solve customer problems? And when you're small and you're agile and you can make decisions, you can actually go solve customer problems really fast in your area. Those things play on each other and are helpful.

Amazon does a really good job of actually internalizing that all the way down to every individual contributor. And we think about how do we go solve customer problems? And when you're small and you're agile and you can make decisions, you can actually go solve customer problems really fast in your area. Those things play on each other and are helpful.

Technically an intern when AWS, before AWS launched in 2005.

Technically an intern when AWS, before AWS launched in 2005.

Technically an intern when AWS, before AWS launched in 2005.

It was a very different business back in the day. I was the product manager for all of AWS. So you still are, is what you're saying. Yeah, exactly. I have the same job now. And I kid. There was a couple other product managers at the time, too. But the frustrations now are then and now are also similar. Different. It's obviously a different scale that we're operating at.

It was a very different business back in the day. I was the product manager for all of AWS. So you still are, is what you're saying. Yeah, exactly. I have the same job now. And I kid. There was a couple other product managers at the time, too. But the frustrations now are then and now are also similar. Different. It's obviously a different scale that we're operating at.

It was a very different business back in the day. I was the product manager for all of AWS. So you still are, is what you're saying. Yeah, exactly. I have the same job now. And I kid. There was a couple other product managers at the time, too. But the frustrations now are then and now are also similar. Different. It's obviously a different scale that we're operating at.

But one of the things I was frustrated at back in 2006 was I knew a ton of things that we needed to go deliver for our customers. Like, I just had a huge list. And it was all about prioritizing that list, but I wished that we could deliver them faster. Yeah. and do more. Even at the scale of AWS's today, that's still true.

But one of the things I was frustrated at back in 2006 was I knew a ton of things that we needed to go deliver for our customers. Like, I just had a huge list. And it was all about prioritizing that list, but I wished that we could deliver them faster. Yeah. and do more. Even at the scale of AWS's today, that's still true.

But one of the things I was frustrated at back in 2006 was I knew a ton of things that we needed to go deliver for our customers. Like, I just had a huge list. And it was all about prioritizing that list, but I wished that we could deliver them faster. Yeah. and do more. Even at the scale of AWS's today, that's still true.